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From: "Uri Blumenthal" <uri@mit.edu>
To: "'Avri Doria'" <avri@ltu.se>, "'Jamal Hadi Salim'" <hadi@znyx.com>,
	"'Ross Callon'" <rcallon@juniper.net>
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Subject: Re: [secdir] Review of draft-ietf-forces-protocol-16  (now -18)
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1. Apologies for dealying the response - but reply to my comments missed my
"sweet spot" in the schedule and thus had to wait till my next window opens.

2. In general, Security Considerations section of the Architecture document
(RFC 3746) adequately deals with the issue. However RFC3746 is an
INFORMATIONAL document, while this draft seems to claim the STANDARD track.
I think that Standards-track document cannot refer to Informational. If I'm
wrong (and you can) - just rename the existing (unmodified) "Security
Consideration" section to "Security Mechanisms" or such, and add a
one-statement "Security Consideration" that refers the reader to RFC 3746.
If I'm right (that you can refer to Informational), then instead of the text
you're proposing you'd have to copy the entire section from RFC 3746.


-----Original Message-----
From: Avri Doria [mailto:avri@ltu.se] 
Sent: Thursday, October 30, 2008 11:05
To: Jamal Hadi Salim; Ross Callon
Cc: uri@MIT.EDU; Khosravi, Hormuzd M; Robert Haas; Weiming Wang; Patrick
Droz
Subject: Re: Review of draft-ietf-forces-protocol-16 (now -18)

Hi,

Thanks for making my excuses.

Fortunately with your help I was able to get it submitted.
And now off to the airport for a full week of 'fun' with ICANN in Cairo.

a.

On 30 Oct 2008, at 09:48, Jamal Hadi Salim wrote:

> Ross,
>
> We are going to make a very small change and submit. Avri is going to 
> be travelling today and will be overloaded in the next week.
> She may get to it and submit the new version today. Your call on 
> whether you want it in this upcoming call or next if we dont make it 
> in.
>
> The change we are making (which seems sufficient to address Uri's
> concern) is:
>
> ------------------ Protocol draft section 9 -------
>
> 9.  Security Considerations
>
>   ForCES architecture identifies several levels of security in
>   [RFC3746].  ForCES PL uses security services provided by the ForCES
>   TML.  The TML provides security services such as endpoint
>   authentication service, message authentication service and
>   confidentiality service.  Endpoint authentication service is invoked
>   at the time of the pre-association connection establishment phase 
> and
>   message authentication is performed whenever the FE or CE receives a
>   packet from its peer.
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> -
>
> suggestion changes to:
>
> -----------
> 9.  Security Considerations
>
>   The ForCES Framework document[RFC3746], section 8, goes into a
>   lot of details and identifies several levels of security
>   challenges. This document does not repeat that discussion, the
>   reader is referred to the  ForCES Framework document[RFC3746]
>   for those details and how ForCES architecture addresses them.
>
>   ForCES PL uses security services provided by the ForCES
>   TML.  The TML provides security services such as endpoint
>   authentication service, message authentication service and
>   confidentiality service.  Endpoint authentication service is invoked
>   at the time of the pre-association connection establishment phase 
> and
>   message authentication is performed whenever the FE or CE receives a
>   packet from its peer.
> ---------------
>
> cheers,
> jamal
>
> On Wed, 2008-29-10 at 11:00 -0400, Ross Callon wrote:
>> Jamal;
>>
>> I think that if you don't hear back by sometime tomorrow, you should 
>> go ahead and post the updated draft and I will put it (and its MIB) 
>> onto the IESG agenda for next week.
>>
>> Thanks, Ross
>
>


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Subject: Re: [secdir] Review of draft-ietf-forces-protocol-16  (now -18)
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Standards track documents can have normative references to informational
documents. However, this needs to be explicitly called out in the IETF
last call. Thus to do this would requiring repeating the last call (it
also requires listing the downref in a registry, but I can take care of
that when putting the document onto an IESG agenda). 

I didn't get this onto the agenda for this week's telechat (My
apologies, I didn't get to it until Friday night, which is too late).
Thus it will need to go onto a telechat very soon after the Minneapolis
IETF. Thus repeating the IETF last call won't slow it down by much. 

Thanks, Ross

-----Original Message-----
From: Jamal Hadi Salim [mailto:hadi@znyx.com] 
Sent: 02 November 2008 20:57
To: uri@MIT.EDU
Cc: 'Avri Doria'; Ross Callon; 'Khosravi, Hormuzd M'; 'Robert Haas';
'Weiming Wang'; 'Patrick Droz'; secdir@MIT.EDU; iesg@ietf.org
Subject: RE: Review of draft-ietf-forces-protocol-16 (now -18)

Hi Uri,

On Sat, 2008-01-11 at 20:21 -0400, Uri Blumenthal wrote:
> 1. Apologies for dealying the response - but reply to my comments
missed my
> "sweet spot" in the schedule and thus had to wait till my next window
opens.

Understandable; we all get busy - Thanks for taking the effort to
respond. 

> 2. In general, Security Considerations section of the Architecture
document
> (RFC 3746) adequately deals with the issue. However RFC3746 is an
> INFORMATIONAL document, while this draft seems to claim the STANDARD
track.
> I think that Standards-track document cannot refer to Informational.
If I'm
> wrong (and you can) - just rename the existing (unmodified) "Security
> Consideration" section to "Security Mechanisms" or such, and add a
> one-statement "Security Consideration" that refers the reader to RFC
3746.
> If I'm right (that you can refer to Informational), then instead of
the text
> you're proposing you'd have to copy the entire section from RFC 3746.
> 

I will have to review the rules to be sure. Is rule this documented
somewhere?
Ross, to reiterate/sumarize what Uri is saying above:
The document(RFC 3746) we reference in the security section is
informational. Given the protocol is shooting for standard track it 
cant reference that doc as authoritative and we would have to cutnpaste
the statements made in RFC 3746 into the security section of the
protocol.


I dont think this is a show-stopper for the telechat inclusion; however,
if indeed the above is needed we will make a new release probably after
your telechat which doesnt change really the semantics of the doc
(rather just adds content which was previously being referenced).

cheers,
jamal


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Subject: Re: [secdir] Review of draft-ietf-forces-protocol-16  (now -18)
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Hi Uri,

On Sat, 2008-01-11 at 20:21 -0400, Uri Blumenthal wrote:
> 1. Apologies for dealying the response - but reply to my comments missed my
> "sweet spot" in the schedule and thus had to wait till my next window opens.

Understandable; we all get busy - Thanks for taking the effort to
respond. 

> 2. In general, Security Considerations section of the Architecture document
> (RFC 3746) adequately deals with the issue. However RFC3746 is an
> INFORMATIONAL document, while this draft seems to claim the STANDARD track.
> I think that Standards-track document cannot refer to Informational. If I'm
> wrong (and you can) - just rename the existing (unmodified) "Security
> Consideration" section to "Security Mechanisms" or such, and add a
> one-statement "Security Consideration" that refers the reader to RFC 3746.
> If I'm right (that you can refer to Informational), then instead of the text
> you're proposing you'd have to copy the entire section from RFC 3746.
> 

I will have to review the rules to be sure. Is rule this documented
somewhere?
Ross, to reiterate/sumarize what Uri is saying above:
The document(RFC 3746) we reference in the security section is
informational. Given the protocol is shooting for standard track it 
cant reference that doc as authoritative and we would have to cutnpaste
the statements made in RFC 3746 into the security section of the
protocol.


I dont think this is a show-stopper for the telechat inclusion; however,
if indeed the above is needed we will make a new release probably after
your telechat which doesnt change really the semantics of the doc
(rather just adds content which was previously being referenced).

cheers,
jamal

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Subject: Re: [secdir] Review of draft-ietf-forces-protocol-16  (now -18)
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Ross,

So the choice is either repeating the last call or copying the content?
Since we missed the IESG agenda and we have at least 2 weeks, I dont
mind just adding cutnpasting that content (then we can avoid the downref
altogether).
Thoughts?

cheers,
jamal

On Sun, 2008-02-11 at 21:42 -0500, Ross Callon wrote:
> Standards track documents can have normative references to informational
> documents. However, this needs to be explicitly called out in the IETF
> last call. Thus to do this would requiring repeating the last call (it
> also requires listing the downref in a registry, but I can take care of
> that when putting the document onto an IESG agenda). 
> 
> I didn't get this onto the agenda for this week's telechat (My
> apologies, I didn't get to it until Friday night, which is too late).
> Thus it will need to go onto a telechat very soon after the Minneapolis
> IETF. Thus repeating the IETF last call won't slow it down by much. 
> 
> Thanks, Ross


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From: "Ross Callon" <rcallon@juniper.net>
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Subject: Re: [secdir] Review of draft-ietf-forces-protocol-16  (now -18)
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In general the problem with copying text is that if you want to update
the text, then you need to update both documents (and you need to be
careful to keep them aligned).

In this particular case, it seems to me that the two documents are very
closely linked, so that it would be necessary to keep them aligned in
any case. 

Ross

-----Original Message-----
From: Jamal Hadi Salim [mailto:hadi@znyx.com] 
Sent: 03 November 2008 09:51
To: Ross Callon
Cc: uri@MIT.EDU; Avri Doria; Khosravi, Hormuzd M; Robert Haas; Weiming
Wang; Patrick Droz; secdir@MIT.EDU; iesg@ietf.org
Subject: RE: Review of draft-ietf-forces-protocol-16 (now -18)

Ross,

So the choice is either repeating the last call or copying the content?
Since we missed the IESG agenda and we have at least 2 weeks, I dont
mind just adding cutnpasting that content (then we can avoid the downref
altogether).
Thoughts?

cheers,
jamal

On Sun, 2008-02-11 at 21:42 -0500, Ross Callon wrote:
> Standards track documents can have normative references to
informational
> documents. However, this needs to be explicitly called out in the IETF
> last call. Thus to do this would requiring repeating the last call (it
> also requires listing the downref in a registry, but I can take care
of
> that when putting the document onto an IESG agenda). 
> 
> I didn't get this onto the agenda for this week's telechat (My
> apologies, I didn't get to it until Friday night, which is too late).
> Thus it will need to go onto a telechat very soon after the
Minneapolis
> IETF. Thus repeating the IETF last call won't slow it down by much. 
> 
> Thanks, Ross



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Subject: Re: [secdir] Secdir review of draft-ietf-mip4-dsmipv4-07
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Yaron,

Thanks for your review. I agree with the security comments. I placed the =

following RFC Editor note. Everyone happy? The authors should of course =

take these notes into a new version, if it is needed for other reasons.

> Please add change in Section 4.3: mechanisma -> mechanisms
>
> Please change in Section 6:
> OLD:
> Similar to the procedures specified for Mobile IPv4 [RFC3344] number
> spaces, future allocations from this number space require expert
> review [RFC5226].
> NEW:
> Similar to the procedures specified for Mobile IPv4 [RFC3344] number
> spaces, future allocations from the two new number spaces require
> expert review [RFC5226].
>
> Please add a paragraph to the end of Section 5:
>
> Interactions with Mobile IPv4 and IPsec have been covered elsewhere,
> for instance in [RFC5265] and [RFC5266].
>
> Please add two informative references for RFC5265 and RC5266.

Jari

Yaron Sheffer wrote:
>
> I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's =

> ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the =

> IESG. These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the =

> security area directors. Document editors and WG chairs should treat =

> these comments just like any other last call comments.
>
> I found this document very well written. I did not find additional =

> security issues beyond those documented in the Security =

> Considerations, other than the establishment of yet another tunneling =

> method. Such methods are often abused in order to bypass security =

> middleboxes. However it does make sense to discuss interactions with =

> the existing documents on MIP4 and MIP6 security, see below.
>
> Security comments:
>

> - There are two recent RFCs on the interaction between Mobile IP and =

> IPsec, RFC 5265 and 5266. I would expect the current document to refer =

> to the interaction between IPsec and DSMIP. IPsec for this traffic =

> will be affected by two factors: (1) protecting MIP4 traffic does not =

> protect *all* traffic, in the case of tunneling to the CoA, and (2) as =

> always with nested tunnels, access control policy will not be enforced =

> correctly, because only the IP-in-IP header will be used to authorize =

> the traffic.
>
> - This document establishes TWO new ways to tunnel IPv6 traffic, one =

> inside of MIP4 tunneling and another =93in parallel=94 to MIP4 traffic. =

> Security devices will have to learn how to detect and secure this =

> traffic. I would expect an informative reference to =

> draft-ietf-v6ops-tunnel-security-concerns.
>
> Other comments:
>
> - IMHO, the document would be easier to read through if Sec. 3 =

> (formats) were moved *after* Sec. 4 (processing rules).
>
> - In the IANA considerations, it is unclear if the last paragraph =

> (expert review) refers to the preceding paragraph, or to both of the =

> new number spaces.
>
> - 4.3: spelling: mechanisma -> mechanisms
>

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From: Sam Hartman <hartmans-ietf@mit.edu>
To: Brian E Carpenter <brian.e.carpenter@gmail.com>
References: <8B128AB2-BBD9-49B9-A837-F00DD80BF5D3@Isode.com>
	<48F2C29B.8090900@ericsson.com>
	<D6947E23-5209-4767-882A-7EBA645B3DCB@daork.net>
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Date: Tue, 04 Nov 2008 08:29:47 -0500
In-Reply-To: <48FF8AEC.9060708@gmail.com> (Brian E. Carpenter's message of
	"Thu, 23 Oct 2008 09:19:56 +1300")
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Subject: Re: [secdir] SECDIR review: draft-ietf-v6ops-tunnel-concerns
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>>>>> "Brian" == Brian E Carpenter <brian.e.carpenter@gmail.com> writes:
    >>  Operating a Teredo server on site does not help unfortunately.
    >> 
    >> It helps an administrator filter outbound packets when sent to
    >> an IPv6 address outside 2001::/32. It does not help an
    >> administrator filter inbound packets, or packets to/from other
    >> Teredo hosts.

    Brian> As far as I can see, there's a general problem in
    Brian> attempting to detect and block Teredo packets (I mean
    Brian> UDP/IPv4 packets in Teredo format). But it seems to me that
    Brian> by running an internal Teredo server, a site is much better
    Brian> placed to track and trace Teredo users. This is important
    Brian> as Teredo users really need to be running an IPv6-savvy
    Brian> host firewall.

Only if you can convince the users to use that teredo server rather
than say the teredo server that is configured by default in their OS.

Unfortunately, by the time you've already reconfigured the computer
you are probably in a position to either disable Teredo if you don't
like it or install a reasonable firewall.

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From secdir-bounces@ietf.org  Tue Nov  4 05:37:37 2008
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Date: Wed, 05 Nov 2008 00:37:09 +1100
From: Hesham Soliman <hesham@elevatemobile.com>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>,
	Yaron Sheffer <yaronf@checkpoint.com>
Message-ID: <C5369B35.9D94%hesham@elevatemobile.com>
Thread-Topic: Secdir review of draft-ietf-mip4-dsmipv4-07
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Subject: Re: [secdir] Secdir review of draft-ietf-mip4-dsmipv4-07
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Looks good to me. Thanks Jari and Yaron for the reivew.

Hesham


On 5/11/08 12:29 AM, "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@piuha.net> wrote:

> Yaron,
> =

> Thanks for your review. I agree with the security comments. I placed the
> following RFC Editor note. Everyone happy? The authors should of course
> take these notes into a new version, if it is needed for other reasons.
> =

>> Please add change in Section 4.3: mechanisma -> mechanisms
>> =

>> Please change in Section 6:
>> OLD:
>> Similar to the procedures specified for Mobile IPv4 [RFC3344] number
>> spaces, future allocations from this number space require expert
>> review [RFC5226].
>> NEW:
>> Similar to the procedures specified for Mobile IPv4 [RFC3344] number
>> spaces, future allocations from the two new number spaces require
>> expert review [RFC5226].
>> =

>> Please add a paragraph to the end of Section 5:
>> =

>> Interactions with Mobile IPv4 and IPsec have been covered elsewhere,
>> for instance in [RFC5265] and [RFC5266].
>> =

>> Please add two informative references for RFC5265 and RC5266.
> =

> Jari
> =

> Yaron Sheffer wrote:
>> =

>> I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's
>> ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the
>> IESG. These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the
>> security area directors. Document editors and WG chairs should treat
>> these comments just like any other last call comments.
>> =

>> I found this document very well written. I did not find additional
>> security issues beyond those documented in the Security
>> Considerations, other than the establishment of yet another tunneling
>> method. Such methods are often abused in order to bypass security
>> middleboxes. However it does make sense to discuss interactions with
>> the existing documents on MIP4 and MIP6 security, see below.
>> =

>> Security comments:
>> =

> =

>> - There are two recent RFCs on the interaction between Mobile IP and
>> IPsec, RFC 5265 and 5266. I would expect the current document to refer
>> to the interaction between IPsec and DSMIP. IPsec for this traffic
>> will be affected by two factors: (1) protecting MIP4 traffic does not
>> protect *all* traffic, in the case of tunneling to the CoA, and (2) as
>> always with nested tunnels, access control policy will not be enforced
>> correctly, because only the IP-in-IP header will be used to authorize
>> the traffic.
>> =

>> - This document establishes TWO new ways to tunnel IPv6 traffic, one
>> inside of MIP4 tunneling and another =B3in parallel=B2 to MIP4 traffic.
>> Security devices will have to learn how to detect and secure this
>> traffic. I would expect an informative reference to
>> draft-ietf-v6ops-tunnel-security-concerns.
>> =

>> Other comments:
>> =

>> - IMHO, the document would be easier to read through if Sec. 3
>> (formats) were moved *after* Sec. 4 (processing rules).
>> =

>> - In the IANA considerations, it is unclear if the last paragraph
>> (expert review) refers to the preceding paragraph, or to both of the
>> new number spaces.
>> =

>> - 4.3: spelling: mechanisma -> mechanisms
>> =

> =



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From: Yaron Sheffer <yaronf@checkpoint.com>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
Date: Tue, 4 Nov 2008 17:00:12 +0200
Thread-Topic: Secdir review of draft-ietf-mip4-dsmipv4-07
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Subject: Re: [secdir] Secdir review of draft-ietf-mip4-dsmipv4-07
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Hi Jari,

I'm not sure I'm happy... As far as I understand this protocol, it includes
a facility (tunneling to CoA) of using MIP4 signaling (presumably protected
by IPsec/MOBIKE) to establish a completely separate, out of band and
unprotected, IPv6 flow. This is a completely new animal, and that seems to
make the proposed resolution (just add a reference to RFC 5265 and 5266)
insufficient. In fact, these two RFCs may need to be extended to cover this
new option.

Is there anything major that I'm missing?

Thanks,
	Yaron

-----Original Message-----
From: Jari Arkko [mailto:jari.arkko@piuha.net] 
Sent: Tuesday, November 04, 2008 15:30
To: Yaron Sheffer
Cc: iesg@ietf.org; secdir@ietf.org; tsirtsis@googlemail.com;
vpark@qualcomm.com; hesham@elevatemobile.com; Henrik Levkowetz;
pete.mccann@motorola.com
Subject: Re: Secdir review of draft-ietf-mip4-dsmipv4-07

Yaron,

Thanks for your review. I agree with the security comments. I placed the
following RFC Editor note. Everyone happy? The authors should of course
take these notes into a new version, if it is needed for other reasons.

> Please add change in Section 4.3: mechanisma -> mechanisms
>
> Please change in Section 6:
> OLD:
> Similar to the procedures specified for Mobile IPv4 [RFC3344] number
> spaces, future allocations from this number space require expert
> review [RFC5226].
> NEW:
> Similar to the procedures specified for Mobile IPv4 [RFC3344] number
> spaces, future allocations from the two new number spaces require
> expert review [RFC5226].
>
> Please add a paragraph to the end of Section 5:
>
> Interactions with Mobile IPv4 and IPsec have been covered elsewhere,
> for instance in [RFC5265] and [RFC5266].
>
> Please add two informative references for RFC5265 and RC5266.

Jari

Yaron Sheffer wrote:
>
> I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's
> ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the
> IESG. These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the
> security area directors. Document editors and WG chairs should treat
> these comments just like any other last call comments.
>
> I found this document very well written. I did not find additional
> security issues beyond those documented in the Security
> Considerations, other than the establishment of yet another tunneling
> method. Such methods are often abused in order to bypass security
> middleboxes. However it does make sense to discuss interactions with
> the existing documents on MIP4 and MIP6 security, see below.
>
> Security comments:
>

> - There are two recent RFCs on the interaction between Mobile IP and
> IPsec, RFC 5265 and 5266. I would expect the current document to refer
> to the interaction between IPsec and DSMIP. IPsec for this traffic
> will be affected by two factors: (1) protecting MIP4 traffic does not
> protect *all* traffic, in the case of tunneling to the CoA, and (2) as
> always with nested tunnels, access control policy will not be enforced
> correctly, because only the IP-in-IP header will be used to authorize
> the traffic.
>
> - This document establishes TWO new ways to tunnel IPv6 traffic, one
> inside of MIP4 tunneling and another "in parallel" to MIP4 traffic.
> Security devices will have to learn how to detect and secure this
> traffic. I would expect an informative reference to
> draft-ietf-v6ops-tunnel-security-concerns.
>
> Other comments:
>
> - IMHO, the document would be easier to read through if Sec. 3
> (formats) were moved *after* Sec. 4 (processing rules).
>
> - In the IANA considerations, it is unclear if the last paragraph
> (expert review) refers to the preceding paragraph, or to both of the
> new number spaces.
>
> - 4.3: spelling: mechanisma -> mechanisms
>


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From: Yaron Sheffer <yaronf@checkpoint.com>
To: George Tsirtsis <tsirtsis@googlemail.com>
Date: Tue, 4 Nov 2008 18:40:45 +0200
Thread-Topic: Secdir review of draft-ietf-mip4-dsmipv4-07
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	Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>,
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	Henrik Levkowetz <henrik@levkowetz.com>
Subject: Re: [secdir] Secdir review of draft-ietf-mip4-dsmipv4-07
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Hi George,

Thanks for the clarification. Yes, this does make sense.

The whole thing makes access control within the IPsec tunnel (the SPD) sort
of useless in these scenarios. But this milk was already spilled in RFC
5265.

Best,
	Yaron

-----Original Message-----
From: George Tsirtsis [mailto:tsirtsis@googlemail.com] 
Sent: Tuesday, November 04, 2008 18:19
To: Yaron Sheffer
Cc: Jari Arkko; iesg@ietf.org; secdir@ietf.org; vpark@qualcomm.com;
hesham@elevatemobile.com; Henrik Levkowetz; pete.mccann@motorola.com
Subject: Re: Secdir review of draft-ietf-mip4-dsmipv4-07

Hi Yaron,

MIPv4 sets up a tunnel between the HA and the MN's CoA. Over this
tunnel the HA forwards IPv4 traffic between the corresponding nodes
(CNs) IP Address and the MN's home address (HoA).

DS-MIPv4 extends MIPv4 so that in addition to IPv4 traffic the HA can
forward IPv6 traffic over the same HA-CoA tunnel.

So, when the HA forwards packets to the MN it uses one of the following:
Packets with destination address the MN's IPv4 HoA are forwarded over
the HA-CoA tunnel
Packets with destination address the MN's IPv6 (home registered
prefixes) are also forwarded over the HA-CoA tunnel.

The specification also allows for a double encapsulation. This results to:
Packets with destination address the MN's IPv6 (home registered
prefixes) are forwarded to a tunnel between the HA's IPv4 address and
MN's IPv4 HoA, which are then forwarded over the HA-CoA tunnel.

In that sense DSMIPv4 always tunnels packets to the MN's CoA (as
RFC3344 MIPv4) either directly or via the use of double encapsulation
(i.e., it never creates a "parallel tunnel". So, the IPSEC
interactions described in RFC5265/5266 should apply here too.

The only thing we should possibly add is that security devices should
look for this potential double encapsulation over which IPv6 traffic
is some times sent.

Would that make sense?

George


On Tue, Nov 4, 2008 at 3:00 PM, Yaron Sheffer <yaronf@checkpoint.com> wrote:
> Hi Jari,
>
> I'm not sure I'm happy... As far as I understand this protocol, it
includes
> a facility (tunneling to CoA) of using MIP4 signaling (presumably
protected
> by IPsec/MOBIKE) to establish a completely separate, out of band and
> unprotected, IPv6 flow. This is a completely new animal, and that seems to
> make the proposed resolution (just add a reference to RFC 5265 and 5266)
> insufficient. In fact, these two RFCs may need to be extended to cover
this
> new option.
>
> Is there anything major that I'm missing?
>
> Thanks,
>        Yaron
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Jari Arkko [mailto:jari.arkko@piuha.net]
> Sent: Tuesday, November 04, 2008 15:30
> To: Yaron Sheffer
> Cc: iesg@ietf.org; secdir@ietf.org; tsirtsis@googlemail.com;
> vpark@qualcomm.com; hesham@elevatemobile.com; Henrik Levkowetz;
> pete.mccann@motorola.com
> Subject: Re: Secdir review of draft-ietf-mip4-dsmipv4-07
>
> Yaron,
>
> Thanks for your review. I agree with the security comments. I placed the
> following RFC Editor note. Everyone happy? The authors should of course
> take these notes into a new version, if it is needed for other reasons.
>
>> Please add change in Section 4.3: mechanisma -> mechanisms
>>
>> Please change in Section 6:
>> OLD:
>> Similar to the procedures specified for Mobile IPv4 [RFC3344] number
>> spaces, future allocations from this number space require expert
>> review [RFC5226].
>> NEW:
>> Similar to the procedures specified for Mobile IPv4 [RFC3344] number
>> spaces, future allocations from the two new number spaces require
>> expert review [RFC5226].
>>
>> Please add a paragraph to the end of Section 5:
>>
>> Interactions with Mobile IPv4 and IPsec have been covered elsewhere,
>> for instance in [RFC5265] and [RFC5266].
>>
>> Please add two informative references for RFC5265 and RC5266.
>
> Jari
>
> Yaron Sheffer wrote:
>>
>> I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's
>> ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the
>> IESG. These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the
>> security area directors. Document editors and WG chairs should treat
>> these comments just like any other last call comments.
>>
>> I found this document very well written. I did not find additional
>> security issues beyond those documented in the Security
>> Considerations, other than the establishment of yet another tunneling
>> method. Such methods are often abused in order to bypass security
>> middleboxes. However it does make sense to discuss interactions with
>> the existing documents on MIP4 and MIP6 security, see below.
>>
>> Security comments:
>>
>
>> - There are two recent RFCs on the interaction between Mobile IP and
>> IPsec, RFC 5265 and 5266. I would expect the current document to refer
>> to the interaction between IPsec and DSMIP. IPsec for this traffic
>> will be affected by two factors: (1) protecting MIP4 traffic does not
>> protect *all* traffic, in the case of tunneling to the CoA, and (2) as
>> always with nested tunnels, access control policy will not be enforced
>> correctly, because only the IP-in-IP header will be used to authorize
>> the traffic.
>>
>> - This document establishes TWO new ways to tunnel IPv6 traffic, one
>> inside of MIP4 tunneling and another "in parallel" to MIP4 traffic.
>> Security devices will have to learn how to detect and secure this
>> traffic. I would expect an informative reference to
>> draft-ietf-v6ops-tunnel-security-concerns.
>>
>> Other comments:
>>
>> - IMHO, the document would be easier to read through if Sec. 3
>> (formats) were moved *after* Sec. 4 (processing rules).
>>
>> - In the IANA considerations, it is unclear if the last paragraph
>> (expert review) refers to the preceding paragraph, or to both of the
>> new number spaces.
>>
>> - 4.3: spelling: mechanisma -> mechanisms
>>
>
>
> Scanned by Check Point Total Security Gateway.
>

Scanned by Check Point Total Security Gateway.

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Subject: Re: [secdir] Secdir review of draft-ietf-mip4-dsmipv4-07
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Date: Tue, 4 Nov 2008 16:19:21 +0000
From: "George Tsirtsis" <tsirtsis@googlemail.com>
To: "Yaron Sheffer" <yaronf@checkpoint.com>
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Subject: Re: [secdir] Secdir review of draft-ietf-mip4-dsmipv4-07
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Hi Yaron,

MIPv4 sets up a tunnel between the HA and the MN's CoA. Over this
tunnel the HA forwards IPv4 traffic between the corresponding nodes
(CNs) IP Address and the MN's home address (HoA).

DS-MIPv4 extends MIPv4 so that in addition to IPv4 traffic the HA can
forward IPv6 traffic over the same HA-CoA tunnel.

So, when the HA forwards packets to the MN it uses one of the following:
Packets with destination address the MN's IPv4 HoA are forwarded over
the HA-CoA tunnel
Packets with destination address the MN's IPv6 (home registered
prefixes) are also forwarded over the HA-CoA tunnel.

The specification also allows for a double encapsulation. This results to:
Packets with destination address the MN's IPv6 (home registered
prefixes) are forwarded to a tunnel between the HA's IPv4 address and
MN's IPv4 HoA, which are then forwarded over the HA-CoA tunnel.

In that sense DSMIPv4 always tunnels packets to the MN's CoA (as
RFC3344 MIPv4) either directly or via the use of double encapsulation
(i.e., it never creates a "parallel tunnel". So, the IPSEC
interactions described in RFC5265/5266 should apply here too.

The only thing we should possibly add is that security devices should
look for this potential double encapsulation over which IPv6 traffic
is some times sent.

Would that make sense?

George


On Tue, Nov 4, 2008 at 3:00 PM, Yaron Sheffer <yaronf@checkpoint.com> wrote:
> Hi Jari,
>
> I'm not sure I'm happy... As far as I understand this protocol, it includes
> a facility (tunneling to CoA) of using MIP4 signaling (presumably protected
> by IPsec/MOBIKE) to establish a completely separate, out of band and
> unprotected, IPv6 flow. This is a completely new animal, and that seems to
> make the proposed resolution (just add a reference to RFC 5265 and 5266)
> insufficient. In fact, these two RFCs may need to be extended to cover this
> new option.
>
> Is there anything major that I'm missing?
>
> Thanks,
>        Yaron
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Jari Arkko [mailto:jari.arkko@piuha.net]
> Sent: Tuesday, November 04, 2008 15:30
> To: Yaron Sheffer
> Cc: iesg@ietf.org; secdir@ietf.org; tsirtsis@googlemail.com;
> vpark@qualcomm.com; hesham@elevatemobile.com; Henrik Levkowetz;
> pete.mccann@motorola.com
> Subject: Re: Secdir review of draft-ietf-mip4-dsmipv4-07
>
> Yaron,
>
> Thanks for your review. I agree with the security comments. I placed the
> following RFC Editor note. Everyone happy? The authors should of course
> take these notes into a new version, if it is needed for other reasons.
>
>> Please add change in Section 4.3: mechanisma -> mechanisms
>>
>> Please change in Section 6:
>> OLD:
>> Similar to the procedures specified for Mobile IPv4 [RFC3344] number
>> spaces, future allocations from this number space require expert
>> review [RFC5226].
>> NEW:
>> Similar to the procedures specified for Mobile IPv4 [RFC3344] number
>> spaces, future allocations from the two new number spaces require
>> expert review [RFC5226].
>>
>> Please add a paragraph to the end of Section 5:
>>
>> Interactions with Mobile IPv4 and IPsec have been covered elsewhere,
>> for instance in [RFC5265] and [RFC5266].
>>
>> Please add two informative references for RFC5265 and RC5266.
>
> Jari
>
> Yaron Sheffer wrote:
>>
>> I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's
>> ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the
>> IESG. These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the
>> security area directors. Document editors and WG chairs should treat
>> these comments just like any other last call comments.
>>
>> I found this document very well written. I did not find additional
>> security issues beyond those documented in the Security
>> Considerations, other than the establishment of yet another tunneling
>> method. Such methods are often abused in order to bypass security
>> middleboxes. However it does make sense to discuss interactions with
>> the existing documents on MIP4 and MIP6 security, see below.
>>
>> Security comments:
>>
>
>> - There are two recent RFCs on the interaction between Mobile IP and
>> IPsec, RFC 5265 and 5266. I would expect the current document to refer
>> to the interaction between IPsec and DSMIP. IPsec for this traffic
>> will be affected by two factors: (1) protecting MIP4 traffic does not
>> protect *all* traffic, in the case of tunneling to the CoA, and (2) as
>> always with nested tunnels, access control policy will not be enforced
>> correctly, because only the IP-in-IP header will be used to authorize
>> the traffic.
>>
>> - This document establishes TWO new ways to tunnel IPv6 traffic, one
>> inside of MIP4 tunneling and another "in parallel" to MIP4 traffic.
>> Security devices will have to learn how to detect and secure this
>> traffic. I would expect an informative reference to
>> draft-ietf-v6ops-tunnel-security-concerns.
>>
>> Other comments:
>>
>> - IMHO, the document would be easier to read through if Sec. 3
>> (formats) were moved *after* Sec. 4 (processing rules).
>>
>> - In the IANA considerations, it is unclear if the last paragraph
>> (expert review) refers to the preceding paragraph, or to both of the
>> new number spaces.
>>
>> - 4.3: spelling: mechanisma -> mechanisms
>>
>
>
> Scanned by Check Point Total Security Gateway.
>
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Subject: Re: [secdir] Secdir review of draft-ietf-mip4-dsmipv4-07
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OK, good. I will make this clearer in the draft as I incorporate the
suggestions from Jari.

Thanks again.
George

On Tue, Nov 4, 2008 at 4:40 PM, Yaron Sheffer <yaronf@checkpoint.com> wrote:
> Hi George,
>
> Thanks for the clarification. Yes, this does make sense.
>
> The whole thing makes access control within the IPsec tunnel (the SPD) sort
> of useless in these scenarios. But this milk was already spilled in RFC
> 5265.
>
> Best,
>        Yaron
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: George Tsirtsis [mailto:tsirtsis@googlemail.com]
> Sent: Tuesday, November 04, 2008 18:19
> To: Yaron Sheffer
> Cc: Jari Arkko; iesg@ietf.org; secdir@ietf.org; vpark@qualcomm.com;
> hesham@elevatemobile.com; Henrik Levkowetz; pete.mccann@motorola.com
> Subject: Re: Secdir review of draft-ietf-mip4-dsmipv4-07
>
> Hi Yaron,
>
> MIPv4 sets up a tunnel between the HA and the MN's CoA. Over this
> tunnel the HA forwards IPv4 traffic between the corresponding nodes
> (CNs) IP Address and the MN's home address (HoA).
>
> DS-MIPv4 extends MIPv4 so that in addition to IPv4 traffic the HA can
> forward IPv6 traffic over the same HA-CoA tunnel.
>
> So, when the HA forwards packets to the MN it uses one of the following:
> Packets with destination address the MN's IPv4 HoA are forwarded over
> the HA-CoA tunnel
> Packets with destination address the MN's IPv6 (home registered
> prefixes) are also forwarded over the HA-CoA tunnel.
>
> The specification also allows for a double encapsulation. This results to:
> Packets with destination address the MN's IPv6 (home registered
> prefixes) are forwarded to a tunnel between the HA's IPv4 address and
> MN's IPv4 HoA, which are then forwarded over the HA-CoA tunnel.
>
> In that sense DSMIPv4 always tunnels packets to the MN's CoA (as
> RFC3344 MIPv4) either directly or via the use of double encapsulation
> (i.e., it never creates a "parallel tunnel". So, the IPSEC
> interactions described in RFC5265/5266 should apply here too.
>
> The only thing we should possibly add is that security devices should
> look for this potential double encapsulation over which IPv6 traffic
> is some times sent.
>
> Would that make sense?
>
> George
>
>
> On Tue, Nov 4, 2008 at 3:00 PM, Yaron Sheffer <yaronf@checkpoint.com> wrote:
>> Hi Jari,
>>
>> I'm not sure I'm happy... As far as I understand this protocol, it
> includes
>> a facility (tunneling to CoA) of using MIP4 signaling (presumably
> protected
>> by IPsec/MOBIKE) to establish a completely separate, out of band and
>> unprotected, IPv6 flow. This is a completely new animal, and that seems to
>> make the proposed resolution (just add a reference to RFC 5265 and 5266)
>> insufficient. In fact, these two RFCs may need to be extended to cover
> this
>> new option.
>>
>> Is there anything major that I'm missing?
>>
>> Thanks,
>>        Yaron
>>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: Jari Arkko [mailto:jari.arkko@piuha.net]
>> Sent: Tuesday, November 04, 2008 15:30
>> To: Yaron Sheffer
>> Cc: iesg@ietf.org; secdir@ietf.org; tsirtsis@googlemail.com;
>> vpark@qualcomm.com; hesham@elevatemobile.com; Henrik Levkowetz;
>> pete.mccann@motorola.com
>> Subject: Re: Secdir review of draft-ietf-mip4-dsmipv4-07
>>
>> Yaron,
>>
>> Thanks for your review. I agree with the security comments. I placed the
>> following RFC Editor note. Everyone happy? The authors should of course
>> take these notes into a new version, if it is needed for other reasons.
>>
>>> Please add change in Section 4.3: mechanisma -> mechanisms
>>>
>>> Please change in Section 6:
>>> OLD:
>>> Similar to the procedures specified for Mobile IPv4 [RFC3344] number
>>> spaces, future allocations from this number space require expert
>>> review [RFC5226].
>>> NEW:
>>> Similar to the procedures specified for Mobile IPv4 [RFC3344] number
>>> spaces, future allocations from the two new number spaces require
>>> expert review [RFC5226].
>>>
>>> Please add a paragraph to the end of Section 5:
>>>
>>> Interactions with Mobile IPv4 and IPsec have been covered elsewhere,
>>> for instance in [RFC5265] and [RFC5266].
>>>
>>> Please add two informative references for RFC5265 and RC5266.
>>
>> Jari
>>
>> Yaron Sheffer wrote:
>>>
>>> I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's
>>> ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the
>>> IESG. These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the
>>> security area directors. Document editors and WG chairs should treat
>>> these comments just like any other last call comments.
>>>
>>> I found this document very well written. I did not find additional
>>> security issues beyond those documented in the Security
>>> Considerations, other than the establishment of yet another tunneling
>>> method. Such methods are often abused in order to bypass security
>>> middleboxes. However it does make sense to discuss interactions with
>>> the existing documents on MIP4 and MIP6 security, see below.
>>>
>>> Security comments:
>>>
>>
>>> - There are two recent RFCs on the interaction between Mobile IP and
>>> IPsec, RFC 5265 and 5266. I would expect the current document to refer
>>> to the interaction between IPsec and DSMIP. IPsec for this traffic
>>> will be affected by two factors: (1) protecting MIP4 traffic does not
>>> protect *all* traffic, in the case of tunneling to the CoA, and (2) as
>>> always with nested tunnels, access control policy will not be enforced
>>> correctly, because only the IP-in-IP header will be used to authorize
>>> the traffic.
>>>
>>> - This document establishes TWO new ways to tunnel IPv6 traffic, one
>>> inside of MIP4 tunneling and another "in parallel" to MIP4 traffic.
>>> Security devices will have to learn how to detect and secure this
>>> traffic. I would expect an informative reference to
>>> draft-ietf-v6ops-tunnel-security-concerns.
>>>
>>> Other comments:
>>>
>>> - IMHO, the document would be easier to read through if Sec. 3
>>> (formats) were moved *after* Sec. 4 (processing rules).
>>>
>>> - In the IANA considerations, it is unclear if the last paragraph
>>> (expert review) refers to the preceding paragraph, or to both of the
>>> new number spaces.
>>>
>>> - 4.3: spelling: mechanisma -> mechanisms
>>>
>>
>>
>> Scanned by Check Point Total Security Gateway.
>>
>
> Scanned by Check Point Total Security Gateway.
>
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Thread-Topic: Review of draft-ietf-forces-protocol-16  (now -18)
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From: "Ross Callon" <rcallon@juniper.net>
To: <hadi@znyx.com>
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Subject: Re: [secdir] Review of draft-ietf-forces-protocol-16  (now -18)
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A down-ref requires an IETF last call, which I need to request. 

To me it looks like the current draft
(draft-ietf-forces-protocol-18.txt) is not the right one to last call.
Specifically, draft-ietf-forces-protocol-18.txt only has three normative
references, one to the model (which is PS), and two to existing RFCs
that are BCPs. It's reference to the Forces Framework (RFC3746) is
informational. 

Does this mean that you will quickly do an update to the protocol that
moves the reference to RFC3746 to be normative, and then I will repeat
the last call? 

Thanks, Ross

-----Original Message-----
From: Jamal Hadi Salim [mailto:hadi@znyx.com] 
Sent: 04 November 2008 14:34
To: Ross Callon
Cc: uri@MIT.EDU; Avri Doria; Khosravi, Hormuzd M; Robert Haas; Weiming
Wang; Patrick Droz; secdir@MIT.EDU; iesg@ietf.org
Subject: RE: Review of draft-ietf-forces-protocol-16 (now -18)


Ok, Ross I suppose a re-issue of the last call may be in order then.
Shall the chair post the LC to the ForCES list only or is 
this something the IESG does at this stage?

cheers,
jamal

On Mon, 2008-03-11 at 15:05 -0500, Ross Callon wrote:
> In general the problem with copying text is that if you want to update
> the text, then you need to update both documents (and you need to be
> careful to keep them aligned).
> 
> In this particular case, it seems to me that the two documents are
very
> closely linked, so that it would be necessary to keep them aligned in
> any case. 
> 
> Ross
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Jamal Hadi Salim [mailto:hadi@znyx.com] 
> Sent: 03 November 2008 09:51
> To: Ross Callon
> Cc: uri@MIT.EDU; Avri Doria; Khosravi, Hormuzd M; Robert Haas; Weiming
> Wang; Patrick Droz; secdir@MIT.EDU; iesg@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: Review of draft-ietf-forces-protocol-16 (now -18)
> 
> Ross,
> 
> So the choice is either repeating the last call or copying the
content?
> Since we missed the IESG agenda and we have at least 2 weeks, I dont
> mind just adding cutnpasting that content (then we can avoid the
downref
> altogether).
> Thoughts?
> 
> cheers,
> jamal
> 
> On Sun, 2008-02-11 at 21:42 -0500, Ross Callon wrote:
> > Standards track documents can have normative references to
> informational
> > documents. However, this needs to be explicitly called out in the
IETF
> > last call. Thus to do this would requiring repeating the last call
(it
> > also requires listing the downref in a registry, but I can take care
> of
> > that when putting the document onto an IESG agenda). 
> > 
> > I didn't get this onto the agenda for this week's telechat (My
> > apologies, I didn't get to it until Friday night, which is too
late).
> > Thus it will need to go onto a telechat very soon after the
> Minneapolis
> > IETF. Thus repeating the IETF last call won't slow it down by much. 
> > 
> > Thanks, Ross
> 
> 


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On 2008-11-05 02:29, Sam Hartman wrote:
>>>>>> "Brian" == Brian E Carpenter <brian.e.carpenter@gmail.com> writes:
>     >>  Operating a Teredo server on site does not help unfortunately.
>     >> 
>     >> It helps an administrator filter outbound packets when sent to
>     >> an IPv6 address outside 2001::/32. It does not help an
>     >> administrator filter inbound packets, or packets to/from other
>     >> Teredo hosts.
> 
>     Brian> As far as I can see, there's a general problem in
>     Brian> attempting to detect and block Teredo packets (I mean
>     Brian> UDP/IPv4 packets in Teredo format). But it seems to me that
>     Brian> by running an internal Teredo server, a site is much better
>     Brian> placed to track and trace Teredo users. This is important
>     Brian> as Teredo users really need to be running an IPv6-savvy
>     Brian> host firewall.
> 
> Only if you can convince the users to use that teredo server rather
> than say the teredo server that is configured by default in their OS.

Agreed, most users will not spontaneously type
netsh interface ipv6 set teredo server foobar.
You could inject a /32 route into the local IGP.

> Unfortunately, by the time you've already reconfigured the computer
> you are probably in a position to either disable Teredo if you don't
> like it or install a reasonable firewall.

Agreed, for sites where the management has that much control
over hosts.

   Brian

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From: Jamal Hadi Salim <hadi@znyx.com>
To: Ross Callon <rcallon@juniper.net>
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Subject: Re: [secdir] Review of draft-ietf-forces-protocol-16  (now -18)
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Ok, Ross I suppose a re-issue of the last call may be in order then.
Shall the chair post the LC to the ForCES list only or is 
this something the IESG does at this stage?

cheers,
jamal

On Mon, 2008-03-11 at 15:05 -0500, Ross Callon wrote:
> In general the problem with copying text is that if you want to update
> the text, then you need to update both documents (and you need to be
> careful to keep them aligned).
> 
> In this particular case, it seems to me that the two documents are very
> closely linked, so that it would be necessary to keep them aligned in
> any case. 
> 
> Ross
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Jamal Hadi Salim [mailto:hadi@znyx.com] 
> Sent: 03 November 2008 09:51
> To: Ross Callon
> Cc: uri@MIT.EDU; Avri Doria; Khosravi, Hormuzd M; Robert Haas; Weiming
> Wang; Patrick Droz; secdir@MIT.EDU; iesg@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: Review of draft-ietf-forces-protocol-16 (now -18)
> 
> Ross,
> 
> So the choice is either repeating the last call or copying the content?
> Since we missed the IESG agenda and we have at least 2 weeks, I dont
> mind just adding cutnpasting that content (then we can avoid the downref
> altogether).
> Thoughts?
> 
> cheers,
> jamal
> 
> On Sun, 2008-02-11 at 21:42 -0500, Ross Callon wrote:
> > Standards track documents can have normative references to
> informational
> > documents. However, this needs to be explicitly called out in the IETF
> > last call. Thus to do this would requiring repeating the last call (it
> > also requires listing the downref in a registry, but I can take care
> of
> > that when putting the document onto an IESG agenda). 
> > 
> > I didn't get this onto the agenda for this week's telechat (My
> > apologies, I didn't get to it until Friday night, which is too late).
> > Thus it will need to go onto a telechat very soon after the
> Minneapolis
> > IETF. Thus repeating the IETF last call won't slow it down by much. 
> > 
> > Thanks, Ross
> 
> 

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Subject: Re: [secdir] Review of draft-ietf-forces-protocol-16  (now -18)
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On Tue, 2008-04-11 at 14:50 -0500, Ross Callon wrote:
> A down-ref requires an IETF last call, which I need to request. 
> 
> To me it looks like the current draft
> (draft-ietf-forces-protocol-18.txt) is not the right one to last call.
> Specifically, draft-ietf-forces-protocol-18.txt only has three normative
> references, one to the model (which is PS), and two to existing RFCs
> that are BCPs. It's reference to the Forces Framework (RFC3746) is
> informational. 
> 
> Does this mean that you will quickly do an update to the protocol that
> moves the reference to RFC3746 to be normative, and then I will repeat
> the last call? 
> 

Sounds reasonable.

I am gonna punt to Avri.
Avri?

cheers,
jamal

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[Sorry for the delay in getting back to this document]

I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's 
ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the 
IESG.  These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the 
security area directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat 
these comments just like any other last call comments.

I believe that the updates between version 07 and 09 have corrected
all the issues that I had in my previous review.  I have no issues
with this version of the document.

-derek
-- 
       Derek Atkins                 617-623-3745
       derek@ihtfp.com             www.ihtfp.com
       Computer and Internet Security Consultant
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From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Magnus_Nystr=F6m?= <magnus@rsa.com>
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I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's 
ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the IESG. 
These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the security area 
directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat these comments 
just like any other last call comments.

Background
----------

This document defines/describes version 3 of the Virtual Router Redundancy 
Protocol (VRRP), a protocol that assigns virtual routers to physical 
(VRRP) routers. Claimed benefits of the protocol include high availability 
default route (IPv4) and fast switch to backup routers (IPv6).

Comments
--------

Overall, this document reads well to me. I am not an expert on VRRP and so 
I am probably missing some context here, but it was a bit surprising to 
see a new version of a protocol in the routing space that does not have 
any security functionality built-in, especially considering efforts such 
as RPSEC.

Also, the Security Considerations section states "VRRP ... does not 
currently include any type of authentication" but then goes on to say "In 
the context of IPv6 operation ... VRRP authentication could be usefully 
added ..." I guess it would have been useful to learn why this 
functionality (authentication of sender) was not added despite usages 
(there is a note on problems with the authentication method used in 
previous version but those problems do not seem to apply to IPv6 
environments, so why was the functionality removed?).

A reference to RFC 4593 may also be in place.

-- Magnus

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From secdir-bounces@ietf.org  Thu Nov  6 07:19:07 2008
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I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's
ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the
IESG.  These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the
security area directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat
these comments just like any other last call comments. I apologize
for the tardiness of these comments.

This document provides a brief overview of Suite B cryptography
and two profiles with specific requirements that TLS servers and
clients can meet in order to satisfy the Suite B requirements
while retaining some backward compatibility with older code,
if desired.

Before reading this document, I was not really familiar with the
Suite B requirements. The document provided a clear and concise
introduction to the topic with references to more information.

The requirements listed in the document seem to meet the implied goal
of ensuring secure interoperation between Suite B implementations
while allowing for less secure interoperation with older code.

I do not have any major concerns with this document. I wonder
about the following text in section 4 (in the requirements on
clients implementing the Suite B transitional profile):

   o  A Suite B transitional TLS version 1.1 or earlier client MUST
      offer one cipher suite for each supported security level.

This sounds like the client MUST offer only one cipher suite
for each supported security level, presumably the cipher suites
mentioned in the next two sentences. Actually, I think it is
permitted for such a client to offer other cipher suites in
order to achieve interoperability with non-Suite B compliant
servers, as mentioned in the next bullet. Therefore, I suggest
that the text quoted above be changed to something like this:

   o  A Suite B transitional TLS version 1.1 or earlier client MUST
      offer at least the cipher suites described in the next two
      sentences for each supported security level.

A client that does offer many cipher suites in order to achieve
interoperability with non-Suite B compliant servers is subject
to a downgrade attack. A similar vulnerability exists for servers
that wish to interoperate with non-Suite B compliant clients.
Although this threat is obvious to skilled practioners, I think
that it should be mentioned in the Security Considerations
section of this document since it is a significant vulnerability
associated with the recommendations contained in this document.

I did notice two minor errors in the document. In the last bullet
of the introduction, "An transitional" should be "A transitional".
And just before the text quoted above, the word "and" is missing
from the preceding sentence. That sentence should read as follows:

   For a client to implement the Suite B transitional profile, it MUST
   implement TLS version 1.1 or earlier and the following cipher suite
   rules apply:

To summarize, I am not an expert in Suite B cryptography but
I think that this document is beneficial and should be approved.
However, the shortcomings that I have pointed out should be
corrected before publication.
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Hi Magnus, =


Thank you for your comments.  I am copying vrrp list for their feedback. =


Regards,
Steve    =


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Magnus Nystr=F6m [mailto:magnus@rsa.com] =

> Sent: Wednesday, November 05, 2008 17:50
> To: iesg@ietf.org; secdir@mit.edu; Stephen Nadas; =

> rcallon@juniper.net; dward@cisco.com
> Cc: secdir-secretary@mit.edu
> Subject: Review of draft-ietf-vrrp-unified-spec-02
> =

> I have reviewed this document as part of the security =

> directorate's ongoing effort to review all IETF documents =

> being processed by the IESG. =

> These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the =

> security area directors.  Document editors and WG chairs =

> should treat these comments just like any other last call comments.
> =

> Background
> ----------
> =

> This document defines/describes version 3 of the Virtual =

> Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP), a protocol that assigns =

> virtual routers to physical
> (VRRP) routers. Claimed benefits of the protocol include high =

> availability default route (IPv4) and fast switch to backup =

> routers (IPv6).
> =

> Comments
> --------
> =

> Overall, this document reads well to me. I am not an expert =

> on VRRP and so I am probably missing some context here, but =

> it was a bit surprising to see a new version of a protocol in =

> the routing space that does not have any security =

> functionality built-in, especially considering efforts such as RPSEC.
> =

> Also, the Security Considerations section states "VRRP ... =

> does not currently include any type of authentication" but =

> then goes on to say "In the context of IPv6 operation ... =

> VRRP authentication could be usefully added ..." I guess it =

> would have been useful to learn why this functionality =

> (authentication of sender) was not added despite usages =

> (there is a note on problems with the authentication method =

> used in previous version but those problems do not seem to =

> apply to IPv6 environments, so why was the functionality removed?).
> =

> A reference to RFC 4593 may also be in place.
> =

> -- Magnus
> =

> =


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From secdir-bounces@ietf.org  Fri Nov  7 06:52:34 2008
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From: Dean Willis <dean.willis@softarmor.com>
To: "Fries, Steffen" <steffen.fries@siemens.com>
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Steffen, can you please respond more directly to the points? Perhaps  
you could point to specific sections of the document and explain what  
it said before the change and what it says after the change?

Thanks!

--
Dean


On Nov 7, 2008, at 8:44 AM, Fries, Steffen wrote:

> Hi Tero,
>
> thnk you for the review, in version 08 we  addressed the points you
> raised, except the numbering of the requirements. Nevertheless, we  
> have
> included references in section 3 that show, were the requirements are
> explained  (section 5).
>
> Reagards
> 	Steffen
>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: Tero Kivinen [mailto:kivinen@iki.fi]
>> Sent: Wednesday, October 29, 2008 1:37 PM
>> To:
>> draft-ietf-sip-media-security-requirements-07@tools.ietf.org;
>> sip-chairs@tools.ietf.org
>> Cc: secdir@ietf.org; iesg@ietf.org
>> Subject: Review of draft-ietf-sip-media-security-requirements-07.txt
>> Importance: High
>>
>> I have reviewed this document as part of the security
>> directorate's ongoing effort to review all IETF documents
>> being processed by the IESG. These comments were written
>> primarily for the benefit of the security area directors.
>> Document editors and WG chairs should treat these comments
>> just like any other last call comments.
>>
>> This draft talks about security requirements of the SIP
>> media. As such the whole document talks about security. I do
>> not have any security comments for it, but I have some other
>> comments and notes about it.
>>
>> The biggest problem I had when I was reading the document,
>> was that section 3, suddenly starts listing different
>> requirements like R-PASS-MEDIA, R-PASS-SIG etc, and there is
>> no indication where those are described. I tried to look for
>> them in the table of contents, but couldn't find them listed there.
>>
>> Reading forward I finally found those in the section 5, but
>> as they are not as separate sections there, they were not
>> listed in the table of contents. It would be better to move
>> each of those requirement to separate subsection, i.e. make
>> "5.1.1 R-FORK-RETARGET" and so on, so those references
>> earlier could point to section 5.1.1 and those would also be
>> listed in the table of contents.
>>
>> There is also unexpanded acronym of UAC in section 4.2, and I
>> do not what it means and it is not expanded or described in
>> any way. There seemed to be also quite a lot of other
>> acronyms, so it would be useful to check out if those are
>> really described (or expanded) somewhere in the document.
>>
>> Also it would be useful to expand HERFP also in the section
>> 5.1 when describing R-HERFP, not only section 4.2. Now the
>> description of R-HERFP does not tell that much: "The media
>> security key management protocol MUST function securely even
>> in the presence of HERFP behavior." especially if reader
>> doesn't remember what HERFP stands for...
>>
>> The description of R-RTP-VALID seems bit odd. It says that
>> "...key negotiation packets MUST NOT pass the RTP validity
>> check...". That seems bit odd considering that the name is
>> R-RTP-VALID and it says MUST NOT pass validity check. Is that
>> description really correct?
>>
>> Some nits:
>>
>> Section 8. Acknowledgements has Richard Barnes twice.
>>
>> Section A.4.3. SSRC and ROC has typo in word binding:
>> "Another, used by Security Descriptions, is to use "late
>> bindng" -- ...
>> --
>> kivinen@safenet-inc.com
>>
>

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From: "Fries, Steffen" <steffen.fries@siemens.com>
To: "Tero Kivinen" <kivinen@iki.fi>,
	<draft-ietf-sip-media-security-requirements-07@tools.ietf.org>,
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Hi Tero,

thnk you for the review, in version 08 we  addressed the points you
raised, except the numbering of the requirements. Nevertheless, we have
included references in section 3 that show, were the requirements are
explained  (section 5).

Reagards
	Steffen

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Tero Kivinen [mailto:kivinen@iki.fi] 
> Sent: Wednesday, October 29, 2008 1:37 PM
> To: 
> draft-ietf-sip-media-security-requirements-07@tools.ietf.org; 
> sip-chairs@tools.ietf.org
> Cc: secdir@ietf.org; iesg@ietf.org
> Subject: Review of draft-ietf-sip-media-security-requirements-07.txt
> Importance: High
> 
> I have reviewed this document as part of the security 
> directorate's ongoing effort to review all IETF documents 
> being processed by the IESG. These comments were written 
> primarily for the benefit of the security area directors. 
> Document editors and WG chairs should treat these comments 
> just like any other last call comments.
> 
> This draft talks about security requirements of the SIP 
> media. As such the whole document talks about security. I do 
> not have any security comments for it, but I have some other 
> comments and notes about it.
> 
> The biggest problem I had when I was reading the document, 
> was that section 3, suddenly starts listing different 
> requirements like R-PASS-MEDIA, R-PASS-SIG etc, and there is 
> no indication where those are described. I tried to look for 
> them in the table of contents, but couldn't find them listed there.
> 
> Reading forward I finally found those in the section 5, but 
> as they are not as separate sections there, they were not 
> listed in the table of contents. It would be better to move 
> each of those requirement to separate subsection, i.e. make 
> "5.1.1 R-FORK-RETARGET" and so on, so those references 
> earlier could point to section 5.1.1 and those would also be 
> listed in the table of contents.
> 
> There is also unexpanded acronym of UAC in section 4.2, and I 
> do not what it means and it is not expanded or described in 
> any way. There seemed to be also quite a lot of other 
> acronyms, so it would be useful to check out if those are 
> really described (or expanded) somewhere in the document.
> 
> Also it would be useful to expand HERFP also in the section 
> 5.1 when describing R-HERFP, not only section 4.2. Now the 
> description of R-HERFP does not tell that much: "The media 
> security key management protocol MUST function securely even 
> in the presence of HERFP behavior." especially if reader 
> doesn't remember what HERFP stands for...
> 
> The description of R-RTP-VALID seems bit odd. It says that 
> "...key negotiation packets MUST NOT pass the RTP validity 
> check...". That seems bit odd considering that the name is 
> R-RTP-VALID and it says MUST NOT pass validity check. Is that 
> description really correct?
> 
> Some nits:
> 
> Section 8. Acknowledgements has Richard Barnes twice.
> 
> Section A.4.3. SSRC and ROC has typo in word binding: 
> "Another, used by Security Descriptions, is to use "late 
> bindng" -- ...
> --
> kivinen@safenet-inc.com
> 
_______________________________________________
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From: "Fries, Steffen" <steffen.fries@siemens.com>
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 Hi,

please find the changes I made in the 08 version addressing the comments
from Tero Kivinen.
I put the changes inline with Tero's comments. 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Tero Kivinen [mailto:kivinen@iki.fi]
> Sent: Wednesday, October 29, 2008 1:37 PM
> To: 
> draft-ietf-sip-media-security-requirements-07@tools.ietf.org;
> sip-chairs@tools.ietf.org
> Cc: secdir@ietf.org; iesg@ietf.org
> Subject: Review of draft-ietf-sip-media-security-requirements-07.txt
> Importance: High
> 
> I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's 
> ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the 
> IESG. These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the 
> security area directors.
> Document editors and WG chairs should treat these comments just like 
> any other last call comments.
> 
> This draft talks about security requirements of the SIP media. As such

> the whole document talks about security. I do not have any security 
> comments for it, but I have some other comments and notes about it.
> 
> The biggest problem I had when I was reading the document, was that 
> section 3, suddenly starts listing different requirements like 
> R-PASS-MEDIA, R-PASS-SIG etc, and there is no indication where those 
> are described. I tried to look for them in the table of contents, but 
> couldn't find them listed there.
[stf] I added a sentence at the beginning of section 4, which start
using the requirement abbreviations.
	Throughout the subsections requirements are stated by using the
	nomenclature R- to state an explicit requirement. All of the
stated 
	requirements are explanied in detail in section 5. The
requirements 
	in section 5 are listed according their association to the key 
	management protocol, to attack scenarios, and requirements 	
	which can be met inside the key management protocol or outside
of the 
	key management protocol.

> Reading forward I finally found those in the section 5, but as they 
> are not as separate sections there, they were not listed in the table 
> of contents. It would be better to move each of those requirement to 
> separate subsection, i.e. make
> "5.1.1 R-FORK-RETARGET" and so on, so those references earlier could 
> point to section 5.1.1 and those would also be listed in the table of 
> contents.
[stf] I think it is sufficient to include the above sentence instead of
numbering the requirements in sections.

> There is also unexpanded acronym of UAC in section 4.2, and I 
> do not what it means and it is not expanded or described in 
> any way. There seemed to be also quite a lot of other 
> acronyms, so it would be useful to check out if those are 
> really described (or expanded) somewhere in the document.
[stf] I included the following statement at the beginning of the
terminology section:
      Furthermore, the terminology described in SIP 
      (<xref target="RFC3261"></xref>) regarding functions and
components 
      are used throughout the document 

> Also it would be useful to expand HERFP also in the section 
> 5.1 when describing R-HERFP, not only section 4.2. Now the 
> description of R-HERFP does not tell that much: "The media 
> security key management protocol MUST function securely even 
> in the presence of HERFP behavior." especially if reader 
> doesn't remember what HERFP stands for...
[stf] I added the following subsentence to the R-HERFP:
	i.e., the rejection of key information does not reach the
sender.

> The description of R-RTP-VALID seems bit odd. It says that 
> "...key negotiation packets MUST NOT pass the RTP validity 
> check...". That seems bit odd considering that the name is 
> R-RTP-VALID and it says MUST NOT pass validity check. Is that 
> description really correct?
[stf] I did nothing here, as the stated requirements is correct.

 
> Some nits:
> 
> Section 8. Acknowledgements has Richard Barnes twice.
[stf] removed the double Richard and myself from the acknowledgement
list 

> Section A.4.3. SSRC and ROC has typo in word binding: 
> "Another, used by Security Descriptions, is to use "late 
> bindng" -- ...
[stf] changed to
	Another, used by Security Descriptions, is to apply "late 
	bindng ...


Ciao
	Steffen 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Dean Willis [mailto:dean.willis@softarmor.com] 
> Sent: Friday, November 07, 2008 3:52 PM
> To: Fries, Steffen
> Cc: Tero Kivinen; 
> draft-ietf-sip-media-security-requirements-07@tools.ietf.org; 
> sip-chairs@tools.ietf.org; secdir@ietf.org; iesg@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: Review of 
> draft-ietf-sip-media-security-requirements-07.txt
> 
> Steffen, can you please respond more directly to the points? 
> Perhaps you could point to specific sections of the document 
> and explain what it said before the change and what it says 
> after the change?
> 
> Thanks!
> 
> --
> Dean
> 
> 
> On Nov 7, 2008, at 8:44 AM, Fries, Steffen wrote:
> 
> > Hi Tero,
> >
> > thnk you for the review, in version 08 we  addressed the points you 
> > raised, except the numbering of the requirements. Nevertheless, we 
> > have included references in section 3 that show, were the 
> requirements 
> > are explained  (section 5).
> >
> > Reagards
> > 	Steffen
> >
> >> -----Original Message-----
> >> From: Tero Kivinen [mailto:kivinen@iki.fi]
> >> Sent: Wednesday, October 29, 2008 1:37 PM
> >> To:
> >> draft-ietf-sip-media-security-requirements-07@tools.ietf.org;
> >> sip-chairs@tools.ietf.org
> >> Cc: secdir@ietf.org; iesg@ietf.org
> >> Subject: Review of 
> draft-ietf-sip-media-security-requirements-07.txt
> >> Importance: High
> >>
> >> I have reviewed this document as part of the security 
> directorate's 
> >> ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the 
> >> IESG. These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the 
> >> security area directors.
> >> Document editors and WG chairs should treat these comments 
> just like 
> >> any other last call comments.
> >>
> >> This draft talks about security requirements of the SIP media. As 
> >> such the whole document talks about security. I do not have any 
> >> security comments for it, but I have some other comments and notes 
> >> about it.
> >>
> >> The biggest problem I had when I was reading the document, 
> was that 
> >> section 3, suddenly starts listing different requirements like 
> >> R-PASS-MEDIA, R-PASS-SIG etc, and there is no indication 
> where those 
> >> are described. I tried to look for them in the table of 
> contents, but 
> >> couldn't find them listed there.
> >>
> >> Reading forward I finally found those in the section 5, 
> but as they 
> >> are not as separate sections there, they were not listed 
> in the table 
> >> of contents. It would be better to move each of those 
> requirement to 
> >> separate subsection, i.e. make
> >> "5.1.1 R-FORK-RETARGET" and so on, so those references 
> earlier could 
> >> point to section 5.1.1 and those would also be listed in 
> the table of 
> >> contents.
> >>
> >> There is also unexpanded acronym of UAC in section 4.2, 
> and I do not 
> >> what it means and it is not expanded or described in any 
> way. There 
> >> seemed to be also quite a lot of other acronyms, so it would be 
> >> useful to check out if those are really described (or expanded) 
> >> somewhere in the document.
> >>
> >> Also it would be useful to expand HERFP also in the section
> >> 5.1 when describing R-HERFP, not only section 4.2. Now the 
> >> description of R-HERFP does not tell that much: "The media 
> security 
> >> key management protocol MUST function securely even in the 
> presence 
> >> of HERFP behavior." especially if reader doesn't remember 
> what HERFP 
> >> stands for...
> >>
> >> The description of R-RTP-VALID seems bit odd. It says that "...key 
> >> negotiation packets MUST NOT pass the RTP validity check...". That 
> >> seems bit odd considering that the name is R-RTP-VALID and it says 
> >> MUST NOT pass validity check. Is that description really correct?
> >>
> >> Some nits:
> >>
> >> Section 8. Acknowledgements has Richard Barnes twice.
> >>
> >> Section A.4.3. SSRC and ROC has typo in word binding:
> >> "Another, used by Security Descriptions, is to use "late 
> bindng" -- 
> >> ...
> >> --
> >> kivinen@safenet-inc.com
> >>
> >
> 
> 
_______________________________________________
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https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/secdir


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From: Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi>
To: "Fries, Steffen" <steffen.fries@siemens.com>
In-Reply-To: <B13E851D00E14E4F8B1C2750D952FD5B4C108C@MCHP7IEA.ww902.siemens.net>
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	<867F105F-6735-4E95-BEA7-9F89B4A54D07@softarmor.com>
	<B13E851D00E14E4F8B1C2750D952FD5B4C108C@MCHP7IEA.ww902.siemens.net>
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Cc: sip-chairs@tools.ietf.org,
	draft-ietf-sip-media-security-requirements@tools.ietf.org,
	secdir@ietf.org, iesg@ietf.org, Dean Willis <dean.willis@softarmor.com>
Subject: Re: [secdir] Review of
	draft-ietf-sip-media-security-requirements-07.txt
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Fries, Steffen writes:
> > The biggest problem I had when I was reading the document, was that 
> > section 3, suddenly starts listing different requirements like 
> > R-PASS-MEDIA, R-PASS-SIG etc, and there is no indication where those 
> > are described. I tried to look for them in the table of contents, but 
> > couldn't find them listed there.
> [stf] I added a sentence at the beginning of section 4, which start
> using the requirement abbreviations.
> 	Throughout the subsections requirements are stated by using the
> 	nomenclature R- to state an explicit requirement. All of the
> stated 
> 	requirements are explanied in detail in section 5. The
> requirements 
> 	in section 5 are listed according their association to the key 
> 	management protocol, to attack scenarios, and requirements 	
> 	which can be met inside the key management protocol or outside
> of the 
> 	key management protocol.

As section 3 already refers to those R-* requirements, I think it
would be better to move the paragarph to section 2. Terminology or at
least also in the beginning of section 3. 


> > Reading forward I finally found those in the section 5, but as they 
> > are not as separate sections there, they were not listed in the table 
> > of contents. It would be better to move each of those requirement to 
> > separate subsection, i.e. make
> > "5.1.1 R-FORK-RETARGET" and so on, so those references earlier could 
> > point to section 5.1.1 and those would also be listed in the table of 
> > contents.
> [stf] I think it is sufficient to include the above sentence instead of
> numbering the requirements in sections.

It would be nice to be able to find the requirements from the document
by simply looking at the table contents. Requirements section is now 5
pages long, so bit more specific pointers would be useful in the table
of contents. 

> > There is also unexpanded acronym of UAC in section 4.2, and I 
> > do not what it means and it is not expanded or described in 
> > any way. There seemed to be also quite a lot of other 
> > acronyms, so it would be useful to check out if those are 
> > really described (or expanded) somewhere in the document.
> [stf] I included the following statement at the beginning of the
> terminology section:
>       Furthermore, the terminology described in SIP 
>       (<xref target="RFC3261"></xref>) regarding functions and
> components 
>       are used throughout the document

Unfortunately at least I didn't want to read 269 pages to just get all
the terminology about SIP when reading this document. I would still
suggest replacing it with "User agent client (UAC)" in that one place
where it is used in this document. 

> > The description of R-RTP-VALID seems bit odd. It says that 
> > "...key negotiation packets MUST NOT pass the RTP validity 
> > check...". That seems bit odd considering that the name is 
> > R-RTP-VALID and it says MUST NOT pass validity check. Is that 
> > description really correct?
> [stf] I did nothing here, as the stated requirements is correct.

Why is there requirement that key negotiation packets MUST fail the
validity check? Or is this trying to say that they are not processed
at all by the validity check operations, i.e. they bypass them. This
requirement sound really wierd, and I do not really have any idea why
it is here and what it is trying to say, but as I do not know that
much about SIP, it might be that I just do not understand something. 

> > Section A.4.3. SSRC and ROC has typo in word binding: 
> > "Another, used by Security Descriptions, is to use "late 
> > bindng" -- ...
> [stf] changed to
> 	Another, used by Security Descriptions, is to apply "late 
> 	bindng ...

But it is still saying "late bindng" there, and "late binding" in
other places. I would guess the "bindng" should be "binding" here too. 
-- 
kivinen@iki.fi
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From: Stefan Santesson <stefans@microsoft.com>
To: "iesg@ietf.org" <iesg@ietf.org>, "secdir@ietf.org" <secdir@ietf.org>,
	Chris Newman <chris.newman@sun.com>, Glenn Parsons <gparsons@nortel.com>,
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Date: Tue, 11 Nov 2008 14:53:03 +0000
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I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's ongoing=
 effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the IESG.  These co=
mments were written primarily for the benefit of the security area director=
s.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat these comments just like an=
y other last call comments.

This document specifies the architecture for mobile email, as described by =
the Open Mobile Alliance (OMA), using Internet Mail protocols.  This archit=
ecture was an important consideration for much of the work of the LEMONADE =
(Enhancements to Internet email to Support Diverse Service Environments) wo=
rk group in the IETF.  This document also describes how the LEMONADE archit=
ecture meets the OMA's requirements for their Mobile Email (MEM) service.

General comments:
I have not reviewed the presented architecture as such.
The Security consideration of this document is very short and does not prov=
ide me with the basic information I would like to find.
This security consideration lists a number of security areas that may apply=
 to the architecture and the protocols where these security issues are deal=
t with.
What I would find more useful would be an informative text telling me if th=
e architecture specified in THIS document introduce any new security issues=
 and whether resolutions of those issues are within or outside the scope of=
 this specification.


Stefan Santesson
Senior Program Manager
Windows Security, Standards


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<div class=3DSection1>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span lang=3DEN-US>I have reviewed this document as pa=
rt of
the security directorate's ongoing effort to review all IETF documents bein=
g
processed by the IESG.&nbsp; These comments were written primarily for the
benefit of the security area directors.&nbsp; Document editors and WG chair=
s
should treat these comments just like any other last call comments.<o:p></o=
:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span lang=3DEN-US><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span lang=3DEN-US>This document specifies the archite=
cture
for mobile email, as described by the Open Mobile Alliance (OMA), using
Internet Mail protocols.&nbsp; This architecture was an important considera=
tion
for much of the work of the LEMONADE (Enhancements to Internet email to Sup=
port
Diverse Service Environments) work group in the IETF.&nbsp; This document a=
lso
describes how the LEMONADE architecture meets the OMA's requirements for th=
eir
Mobile Email (MEM) service.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span lang=3DEN-US><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span lang=3DEN-US>General comments:<o:p></o:p></span>=
</p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span lang=3DEN-US>I have not reviewed the presented a=
rchitecture
as such.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span lang=3DEN-US>The Security consideration of this =
document
is very short and does not provide me with the basic information I would li=
ke
to find.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span lang=3DEN-US>This security consideration lists a=
 number
of security areas that may apply to the architecture and the protocols wher=
e
these security issues are dealt with.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span lang=3DEN-US>What I would find more useful would=
 be an
informative text telling me if the architecture specified in THIS document =
introduce
any new security issues and whether resolutions of those issues are within =
or
outside the scope of this specification.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span lang=3DEN-US><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span lang=3DEN-US><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><span lang=3DEN-GB style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-f=
amily:
"Arial","sans-serif";color:maroon'>Stefan Santesson</span></b><span lang=3D=
EN-GB
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:#1F49=
7D'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span lang=3DEN-GB style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-fami=
ly:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#400040'>Senior Program Manager</span><span lang=3DEN-GB style=3D'fon=
t-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:navy'><o:p></o:p></span>=
</p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><span lang=3DEN-GB style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-f=
amily:
"Arial","sans-serif";color:#400040'>Windows Security, Standards</span></b><=
span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span lang=3DEN-US><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

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_______________________________________________
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From secdir-bounces@ietf.org  Tue Nov 11 08:52:43 2008
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Subject: [secdir] Assignments for Nov 25th (post-IETF)
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We have ~30 new documents this week with some already scheduled for 
the December 4th (post-meeting) telechat.  Several of the documents on 
last week's telechat were never reviewed -- if you were holding the 
token for one of those, you may note that it's no longer assigned.

Given the physical meeting next week, I've set the official due date 
on these two weeks out.  That said, some of these documents have been 
in IETF last call for two weeks already, so reviews sooner than two 
weeks would, of course, be appreciated.

Catherine Meadows is next in the rotation.

Review instructions and related resources are at:
    http://tools.ietf.org/area/sec/trac/wiki/SecDirReview

And I expect to be in Minneapolis next week; feel free to ask any 
questions in person.

-- Sam


For telechat, December 4th

Derek Atkins                   T  draft-ietf-6man-reserved-iids-01
Charles Clancy                 T  draft-ietf-l1vpn-ospfv3-auto-discovery-02
Lakshminath Dondeti            T  draft-ietf-monami6-multiplecoa-10
Donald Eastlake                T  draft-ietf-mpls-ldp-igp-sync-03
Tobias Gondrom                 T  draft-ietf-pim-rpf-vector-06
Tero Kivinen                   T  draft-igoe-secsh-aes-gcm-00
Marcus Leech                   T  draft-housley-internet-draft-sig-file-06
Vidya Narayanan                T  draft-ietf-lemonade-imap-notify-07
Susan Thomson                  T  draft-ietf-nfsv4-minorversion1-dot-x-09
Hannes Tschofenig              T  draft-ietf-nfsv4-pnfs-block-09
Sean Turner                    T  draft-ietf-nfsv4-pnfs-obj-09
Sam Weiler                     T  draft-housley-iesg-rfc3932bis-05
Nico Williams                  T  draft-ietf-nfsv4-minorversion1-26
Larry Zhu                      T  draft-arkko-arp-iana-rules-01

Last calls and special requests:

Rob Austein                       draft-ietf-dime-qos-parameters-07
Richard Barnes                    draft-ietf-calsify-rfc2445bis-09
Pat Cain                          draft-ietf-geopriv-pdif-lo-profile-13
Ran Canetti                       draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-channel-bindings-05
Alan DeKok                        draft-ietf-mext-nemo-v4traversal-06
Shawn Emery                       draft-ietf-nfsv4-rfc1831bis-10
Stephen Farrell                   draft-ietf-ospf-lls-05
Phillip Hallam-Baker              draft-ietf-radext-design-05
Steve Hanna                       draft-ietf-radext-management-authorization-06
David Harrington                  draft-ietf-sip-saml-05
Sam Hartman                       draft-ietf-smime-3850bis-08
Paul Hoffman                      draft-ietf-smime-3851bis-08
Love Hornquist-Astrand            draft-ietf-tcpm-rfc4138bis-04
Jeffrey Hutzelman                 draft-ietf-tcpm-tcp-uto-09
Charlie Kaufman                   draft-ietf-tls-des-idea-02
Scott Kelly                       draft-ietf-tsvwg-rsvp-proxy-approaches-06
Stephen Kent                      draft-ietf-tsvwg-rsvp-proxy-proto-07
Julien Laganier                   draft-ietf-softwire-mesh-framework-05
Julien Laganier                   draft-ietf-softwire-encaps-ipsec-01
Julien Laganier                   draft-irtf-asrg-dnsbl-07
Marcus Leech                      draft-ietf-dnsext-forgery-resilience-07
Barry Leiba                       draft-jerichow-msec-mikey-genext-oma-00
Chris Lonvick                     draft-kucherawy-sender-auth-header-17
Catherine Meadows                 draft-ietf-speechsc-mrcpv2-17
Alexey Melnikov                   draft-ietf-pce-pcep-xro-06
Sandy Murphy                      draft-ietf-mpls-mpls-and-gmpls-security-framework-04
Eric Rescorla                     draft-wing-sipping-srtp-key-04
Stefan Santesson                  draft-ietf-lemonade-architecture-04
Carl Wallace                      draft-ietf-isis-hmac-sha-06
Sam Weiler                        draft-chown-v6ops-rogue-ra-02
Brian Weis                        draft-ietf-isis-wg-extlsp-03
Nico Williams                     draft-ietf-v6ops-ra-guard-01
Kurt Zeilenga                   R draft-daboo-imap-annotatemore-15
Kurt Zeilenga                     draft-cheshire-dnsext-dns-sd-05
Larry Zhu                         draft-thaler-v6ops-teredo-extensions-02
Glen Zorn                         draft-hoffman-dac-vbr-04
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Date: Tue, 11 Nov 2008 13:23:04 -0500
From: Barry Leiba <leiba@watson.ibm.com>
To: iesg@ietf.org, secdir@ietf.org
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	hannes.tschofenig@nsn.com
Subject: [secdir] secdir review of draft-jerichow-msec-mikey-genext-oma-00
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I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's
ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the
IESG.  These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the
security area directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat
these comments just like any other last call comments.
---

This document defines how to use an extension field to contain extended message 
data.  The Security Considerations section is complete, and I don't see any 
security concerns here.

No problem with this document.

Barry

--
Barry Leiba, Senior Technical Staff  (leiba@watson.ibm.com)
Internet Messaging Technology, IBM Research
http://www.research.ibm.com/people/l/leiba
http://www.research.ibm.com/spam


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_______________________________________________
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https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/secdir

--===============1253541546==--


From secdir-bounces@ietf.org  Wed Nov 12 03:48:49 2008
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Thread-Topic: SecDir lunch on Tuesday
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We'll have the Security Directorate lunch on Tuesday as before;
the room is Symphony III.

As usual, bring your own lunch and we will discuss what's
going on in the area and around the IETF.

Best regards,
Pasi & Tim
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From: Charlie Kaufman <charliek@microsoft.com>
To: "secdir@ietf.org" <secdir@ietf.org>, "iesg@ietf.org" <iesg@ietf.org>,
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Date: Wed, 12 Nov 2008 23:02:53 -0800
Thread-Topic: Secdir review of draft-ietf-tls-des-idea-02.txt
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I am reviewing this document as part of the security directorate's ongoing =
effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the IESG.  These com=
ments were written primarily for the benefit of the security area directors=
.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat these comments just like any=
 other last call comments. Feel free to forward to any appropriate forum.

This document is a pro forma document written so that obsolete cryptographi=
c suites could be removed from the new TLS 1.2 RFC (RFC 5246) while remaini=
ng defined in the IANA registry for interoperability with existing systems.=
 It is proposed as informational, but might be eligible for a new category =
of RFC: WCP (Worst Current Practice). All of the specified algorithms are l=
isted as SHOULD NOT be implemented.

I couldn't think of any improvements to suggest, even in a lame attempt at =
humor.

                --Charlie

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<p class=3DMsoPlainText><span style=3D'font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>=
I am
reviewing this document as part of the security directorate's ongoing effor=
t to
review all IETF documents being processed by the IESG.&nbsp; These comments
were written primarily for the benefit of the security area directors.&nbsp=
;
Document editors and WG chairs should treat these comments just like any ot=
her
last call comments. Feel free to forward to any appropriate forum.<o:p></o:=
p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>This document is a pro forma document written so that
obsolete cryptographic suites could be removed from the new TLS 1.2 RFC (RF=
C
5246) while remaining defined in the IANA registry for interoperability wit=
h
existing systems. It is proposed as informational, but might be eligible fo=
r a
new category of RFC: WCP (Worst Current Practice). All of the specified
algorithms are listed as SHOULD NOT be implemented.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>I couldn&#8217;t think of any improvements to suggest,=
 even
in a lame attempt at humor.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; --Charlie<o:p></o:p></p>

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Discus:

Alan,

Thank you for comments and advise.

>   It may be useful to define a security profile whereby all data is
> encrypted. Simple traffic analyis on the headers may be sufficient to
> negate much of the benefits of encrypting only the data portion.

Regarding on security consideration, necessary and sufficient guideline
for ATRAC streaming are fully described in published RFC(3550, 3551).
So we think it is better to simply put the reference to above RFCs,
instead of describing complex information of security profile,
confidentiality and authentication.

All of your comments and advise other than above issue are acceptable
for us, and we are now make the modification on our draft according to
your comments.

We will submit revised version in soon, if there are no problem.

Regards,


>   I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's
> ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the
> IESG.  These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the
> security area directors. Document editors and WG chairs should treat
> these comments just like any other last call comments.
> 
>    This document defines a packet format to encapsulate ATRAC-formatted
> audio data in RTP frames.
> 
>   Overall, the document is clear and unambiguous.  The only security
> review comments I have are for text in the "Security Considerations"
> section.  The discussion appears to worry more about audio quality than
> packet decoding errors, or malicious insertion of incorrect audio.
> 
> 
>         Certain security precautions may be desired to protect
>         copyrighted material.
> 
>   I suggest deleting this sentence.  The Security considerations is not
> intended to discuss dissemination controls on data.
> 
>    ... Encryption of the payload header,
>    however, is not as neccessary, and in fact may not be preferable if
>    the information could be useful to some third party application.
> 
>   It may be useful to define a security profile whereby all data is
> encrypted. Simple traffic analyis on the headers may be sufficient to
> negate much of the benefits of encrypting only the data portion.
> 
>    ... As multi-
>    channel transmissions are contained in single encoded audio frames,
>    there is no concern for encryption will affect interleaving data.
> 
>   I am not sure what this means.  "concern for encryption.." ?
> 
>    ... Transmitted data may be tampered or altered due to malicious
>    attempts, such as man-in-the-middle attacks.  Such attacks may result
>    in depacketization and/or decoding errors that could decimate audio
>    quality.
> 
>   Concerns about audio quality are misplaced in a "Security
> Considerations" section.  MITM attacks may lead to *incorrect* audio
> that never the less sounds "correct".
> 
>    As this payload format does not include its own means for sender
>    authentication and integrity protection, an external mechanism MUST
>    be used.
> 
>   Are there security profiles that can be defined?
> 
>    However, the chosen mechanism SHOULD protect more than just
>    the audio data bits. For example, to protect against
>    a man-in-the-middle attack, the payload header and RTP header SHOULD
>    be protected.
> 
>   This text likely belongs in the first paragraph of Section 9 (see above)
> 
>    ... Verification of the received encoded audio packets SHOULD be
>    performed so as to ensure a minimal level of audio quality.
> 
>   This text does not belong in a security considerations section.  Audio
> quality is irrelevant if protocol errors have causes buffer overflows
> that allow an attacker to control either end of the connection.  Correct
> decoding of the packets is MORE important than audio quality.  I suggest
> moving this text to the body of the document, and creating requirements
> that received packets MUST be verified, and improperly formatted packets
> MUST be discarded.
> 
>    ... As a
>    most primitive implementation, if the receiver calculates a packet
>    size differing from the payload length based on data in the payload
>    header fields, the receiver SHOULD discard the packet.
> 
>   This suggestion may be too restrictive.  If the UDP packet length is
> longer than the RTP packet length, the packet can be accepted, but the
> extra bytes MUST be ignored.  Also, improperly encoded packets MUST be
> discarded.
> 
>   Alan DeKok.
> 
> 
> 
> 

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I have re-reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's  
ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the  
IESG.  These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the  
security area directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat  
these comments just like any other last call comments.

I have no concerns with the latest revision.   All of my prior  
concerns (with regard to earlier revisions) have been adequately  
addressed.

-- Kurt
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From secdir-bounces@ietf.org  Thu Nov 13 17:31:57 2008
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Subject: [secdir] Dinner with Bruce Schneier in MPLS on Sunday
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Hey all,

Bruce Schneier lives in Minneapolis.  I was talking with him about
a security area dinner, and we've settled on Sunday Evening.  He
can make reservations at a local restaurant and we can all meet
up and talk and exchange ideas.

If you'd like to join our merry gang please let us know so that
we can get an accurate count.  The plan is to meet at the IETF
Registration Desk after the Welcome Reception (1900 Sunday) and
then head to dinner from there.

See you all Sunday,

-derek
-- 
       Derek Atkins                 617-623-3745
       derek@ihtfp.com             www.ihtfp.com
       Computer and Internet Security Consultant
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I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's  
ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the  
IESG.  These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the  
security area directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat  
these comments just like any other last call comments.

The security consideration section of this document is (in its  
entirety):
> 18. Security Considerations
> DNSSEC [RFC 2535] should be used where the authenticity of  
> information is important. Since DNS-SD is just a naming and usage  
> convention for records in the existing DNS system, it has no  
> specific additional security requirements over and above those that  
> already apply to DNS queries and DNS updates.
I find this inadequate.

With regard to 'authenticity of information', the section doesn't  
discussion when authenticity of information might be important, nor  
does it discuss risks of relying on information in which the  
authenticity is not assured.

While it may well be true that this use of DNS has 'no specific  
additional security requirements', there are likely many DNS security  
issues which apply here and should be discussed here (possibly with  
reference to DNS specifications providing more general discussion of  
the security issues).   In particular, this document recommends  
additional RRs be generated (section 13) but fails to discussion  
security implications and concerns with such generation.

There likely should be some discussion of considerations as when this  
very public discovery mechanism should be used, as opposed to a  
discovery mechanism which only provides discovery to authorized  
entities.

I think that portions of this document could be viewed as  
inappropriately supplanting per-protocol specifications of DNS SRV  
handling, and possibly RFC 2782 itself.   I think the IANA  
registration would be better specified on the standard track, or in a  
BCP.  I also think some of the market drivel (Section 21) should be  
removed.

I would much prefer this to be reworked as a update or replacement of  
RFC 2782.

I've read a number of reviews posted on the IETF list.  I have general  
concerns similar to those posted by Dave Cridland and Ben Campbell.   
In short, this document seems to need more work.

-- Kurt
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<html><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; =
-webkit-line-break: after-white-space; ">I have reviewed this document =
as part of the security directorate's ongoing effort to review all IETF =
documents being processed by the IESG. &nbsp;These comments were written =
primarily for the benefit of the security area directors. &nbsp;Document =
editors and WG chairs should treat these comments just like any other =
last call comments.<div><br></div><div>The security consideration =
section of this document is (in its =
entirety):</div><div><pre></pre></div><div><pre></pre></div><div></div><bl=
ockquote type=3D"cite"><div><pre><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"white-space: normal;">18. Security =
Considerations</span></pre></div><div><pre><span =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"white-space: normal;"><span =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"-webkit-text-stroke-width: -1; =
">DNSSEC [RFC 2535] should be used where the authenticity of
   information is important. Since DNS-SD is just a naming and usage
   convention for records in the existing DNS system, it has no specific
   additional security requirements over and above those that already
   apply to DNS queries and DNS =
updates.</span></span></pre></div></blockquote><div>I find this =
inadequate.</div><div><br></div><div>With regard to 'authenticity of =
information', the section doesn't discussion when authenticity of =
information might be important, nor does it discuss risks of relying on =
information in which the authenticity is not =
assured.</div><div><br></div><div>While it may well be true that this =
use of DNS has 'no specific additional security requirements', there are =
likely many DNS security issues which apply here and should be discussed =
here (possibly with reference to DNS specifications providing more =
general discussion of the security issues). &nbsp; In particular, this =
document recommends additional RRs be generated (section 13) but fails =
to&nbsp;discussion&nbsp;security implications and concerns&nbsp;with =
such generation.</div><div><br></div><div>There likely should be some =
discussion of considerations as when this very public discovery =
mechanism should be used, as opposed to a discovery mechanism which only =
provides discovery to authorized =
entities.&nbsp;</div><div><br></div><div>I think that portions of this =
document could be viewed as inappropriately supplanting per-protocol =
specifications of DNS SRV handling, and possibly RFC 2782 itself. =
&nbsp;&nbsp;I think the IANA registration would be better specified on =
the standard track, or in a BCP. &nbsp;I also think some of the market =
drivel (Section 21) should be removed.</div><div><br></div><div>I would =
much prefer this to be reworked as a update or replacement of RFC =
2782.</div><div><div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"font-family: Times; font-size: 16px; "><div><br></div><div>I've =
read a number of reviews posted on the IETF list. &nbsp;I have general =
concerns similar to those posted by Dave Cridland and Ben Campbell. =
&nbsp;In short, this document seems to need more =
work.</div><div><br></div></span></div><div>-- =
Kurt</div></div></body></html>=

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From secdir-bounces@ietf.org  Thu Nov 13 21:49:08 2008
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Subject: [secdir] More assignments for Nov 25th (post-IETF)
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A few more assignments since my note on Tuesday (to Meadows, Melnikov, 
Murphy, Narayanan, and Cain).

Magnus Nystrom is next in the rotation.

Review instructions and related resources are at:
    http://tools.ietf.org/area/sec/trac/wiki/SecDirReview

-- Sam

For telechat, December 4th

Derek Atkins                   T  draft-ietf-6man-reserved-iids-01
Charles Clancy                 T  draft-ietf-l1vpn-ospfv3-auto-discovery-02
Lakshminath Dondeti            T  draft-ietf-monami6-multiplecoa-10
Donald Eastlake                T  draft-ietf-mpls-ldp-igp-sync-03
Tobias Gondrom                 T  draft-ietf-pim-rpf-vector-06
Tero Kivinen                   T  draft-igoe-secsh-aes-gcm-00
Marcus Leech                   T  draft-housley-internet-draft-sig-file-06
Vidya Narayanan                T  draft-ietf-lemonade-imap-notify-07
Susan Thomson                  T  draft-ietf-nfsv4-minorversion1-dot-x-09
Hannes Tschofenig              T  draft-ietf-nfsv4-pnfs-block-09
Sean Turner                    T  draft-ietf-nfsv4-pnfs-obj-09
Sam Weiler                     T  draft-housley-iesg-rfc3932bis-05
Nico Williams                  T  draft-ietf-nfsv4-minorversion1-26
Larry Zhu                      T  draft-arkko-arp-iana-rules-01

Last calls and special requests:

Rob Austein                       draft-ietf-dime-qos-parameters-07
Richard Barnes                    draft-ietf-calsify-rfc2445bis-09
Pat Cain                        R draft-ietf-ipdvb-sec-req-09
Pat Cain                          draft-ietf-geopriv-pdif-lo-profile-13
Ran Canetti                       draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-channel-bindings-05
Alan DeKok                        draft-ietf-mext-nemo-v4traversal-06
Shawn Emery                       draft-ietf-nfsv4-rfc1831bis-10
Stephen Farrell                   draft-ietf-ospf-lls-05
Phillip Hallam-Baker              draft-ietf-radext-design-05
Steve Hanna                       draft-ietf-radext-management-authorization-06
David Harrington                  draft-ietf-sip-saml-05
Sam Hartman                       draft-ietf-smime-3850bis-08
Paul Hoffman                      draft-ietf-smime-3851bis-08
Love Hornquist-Astrand            draft-ietf-tcpm-rfc4138bis-04
Jeffrey Hutzelman                 draft-ietf-tcpm-tcp-uto-09
Scott Kelly                       draft-ietf-tsvwg-rsvp-proxy-approaches-06
Stephen Kent                      draft-ietf-tsvwg-rsvp-proxy-proto-07
Julien Laganier                   draft-ietf-softwire-mesh-framework-05
Julien Laganier                   draft-ietf-softwire-encaps-ipsec-01
Julien Laganier                   draft-irtf-asrg-dnsbl-07
Marcus Leech                      draft-ietf-dnsext-forgery-resilience-07
Chris Lonvick                     draft-kucherawy-sender-auth-header-17
Catherine Meadows                 draft-ietf-speechsc-mrcpv2-17
Catherine Meadows                 draft-ietf-l2tpext-tdm-06
Alexey Melnikov                   draft-ietf-pce-pcep-xro-06
Alexey Melnikov                   draft-ietf-tsvwg-admitted-realtime-dscp-05
Sandy Murphy                      draft-ietf-mpls-mpls-and-gmpls-security-framework-04
Sandy Murphy                      draft-ietf-roll-urban-routing-reqs-02
Vidya Narayanan                   draft-ietf-sip-saml-05 
Eric Rescorla                     draft-wing-sipping-srtp-key-04
Carl Wallace                      draft-ietf-isis-hmac-sha-06
Sam Weiler                        draft-chown-v6ops-rogue-ra-02
Brian Weis                        draft-ietf-isis-wg-extlsp-03
Nico Williams                     draft-ietf-v6ops-ra-guard-01
Larry Zhu                         draft-thaler-v6ops-teredo-extensions-02
Glen Zorn                         draft-hoffman-dac-vbr-04
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Subject: Re: [secdir] Secdir review of draft-ietf-sieve-refuse-reject-07
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My apologies for the extremely delayed reply to this review. I've at  
long last cleared enough time to get into the grist of the comments on  
this draft and prepare revision -08.

On Aug 14, 2008, at 5:51 AM, Carl Wallace wrote:

> I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's
> ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the  
> IESG.
> These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the security
> area directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat these
> comments just like any other last call comments.
>
> The draft refines the specification of the "reject" action and defines
> the new "ereject" action.  The "reject" action was originally  
> defined in
> RFC3028 but was omitted from its successor, RFC 5228.  Comments,
> questions and nits are below.
>
> - Section 2.1 references "return-path verification".  This is not
> defined in this specification (nor in any of the references that I
> checked).  Given that discard is a consequence, this should be defined
> or re-worded.  Is this the only reason why the message should be
> discarded?  It's a bit strange that the first and third items in the
> list are described more fully in subsections but the second item is  
> not.
>

I've searched for a definition of return-path verification, and cannot  
find one either. It is a well-known technique (or set of techniques,  
really) and that's probably why this hasn't stuck out among readers in  
the email community.

On the basis of being well-known, I think that we can leave this  
without a strong definition. I would be happy to add a weak definition  
that suggests a couple of techniques that might be employed for return- 
path verification.

>
> - The first sentence of Section 2.1.1 states "implementations that are
> able to reject messages at the SMTP/LMTP level MUST do so and SHOULD  
> use
> the 550 response code".  This doesn't allow for cases where protocol
> level rejection cannot be performed.  This MUST should be a SHOULD  
> or be
> followed by a list of exceptional cases.  As a MUST, it is  
> inconsistent
> with the SHOULD in section 2 that covers the list of preferred  
> actions.
>

I believe that the rest of the text in that paragraph makes it clear  
that the meaning of "able" in this context is both "has code to do  
protocol level rejection" and "is not in a situation where protocol  
rejection isn't possible" (such as SMTP with multiple recipients.

We might be splitting hairs on the semantics of "able" vs. "can",  
wondering who shall slay whom ;-)

I think the text is ok as-is, but if there's disagreement I can  
clarify it.

>
> - The first paragraph of section 2.3 is confusing.  Why is a user
> interface allowed to silently upgrade from reject to ereject but other
> implementations are not?  Are silent downgrades OK, i.e., for cases
> where ereject is not supported?
>

The idea is that a UI might have a check box labeled "Reject the  
message" and then will translate that check box into a sieve script.  
That translation might be to 'reject' in version X, but in version Y  
might be 'ereject'. We want to allow and encourage such a transition.

I don't see a problem with silent downgrade and would be comfortable  
adding text for it.

>
> - Reason text uses UTF-8 to align an SMTP language extension spec.   
> The
> reason text value may be inappropriate even if the client and server
> negotiate the use of an SMTP extension (i.e., a different language may
> be used by the client/server).  Should UTF-8 be used here without a
> normative reference to support it?
>

The language was constructed to work with whatever standard ends up  
being used for UTF-8 in SMTP, and also to permit vendor specific  
extensions to qualify. A vendor might have their Sieve implementation  
on an LMTP server that receives connections from their own SMTP  
server. If they build a UTF-8 extension so that the message can at  
least be pushed from the LMTP server to the SMTP server in clear  
UTF-8, we want that to be allowed and encouraged.

I see your point, though, that the language in the document allows a  
situation where a non-ASCII non-UTF-8 extension has been negotiation.  
Under such a circumstance, the transmission of the UTF-8 text is  
permitted, even though the channel may be ill suited to it. I believe  
that it is sufficiently obvious that UTF-8 over a non-ASCII non-UTF-8  
channel is not ok.


> - There are some unexpanded acronyms, minimally MUA and MTA.

MUA and MTA are on the RFC editor's list of WKA (Well Known Acronyms)  
for email documents, so it's safe to leave them unexpanded.


Many thanks,
Aaron
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From secdir-bounces@ietf.org  Sun Nov 16 12:30:58 2008
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At Sat, 15 Nov 2008 13:39:12 -0800,
Eric Rescorla wrote:
> At Thu, 13 Nov 2008 20:31:54 -0500,
> Derek Atkins wrote:
> > Bruce Schneier lives in Minneapolis.  I was talking with him about
> > a security area dinner, and we've settled on Sunday Evening.  He
> > can make reservations at a local restaurant and we can all meet
> > up and talk and exchange ideas.
> > 
> > If you'd like to join our merry gang please let us know so that
> > we can get an accurate count.  The plan is to meet at the IETF
> > Registration Desk after the Welcome Reception (1900 Sunday) and
> > then head to dinner from there.
> 
> I'm interested. Lisa not.

Also, a moron who doesn't know how to trim Cc: lines.

-Ekr
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From secdir-bounces@ietf.org  Sun Nov 16 12:37:08 2008
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At Thu, 13 Nov 2008 20:31:54 -0500,
Derek Atkins wrote:
> Bruce Schneier lives in Minneapolis.  I was talking with him about
> a security area dinner, and we've settled on Sunday Evening.  He
> can make reservations at a local restaurant and we can all meet
> up and talk and exchange ideas.
> 
> If you'd like to join our merry gang please let us know so that
> we can get an accurate count.  The plan is to meet at the IETF
> Registration Desk after the Welcome Reception (1900 Sunday) and
> then head to dinner from there.

I'm interested. Lisa not.

-Ekr
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From secdir-bounces@ietf.org  Sun Nov 16 14:05:27 2008
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Steve:

Thanks for the review.

>I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's
>ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the
>IESG.  These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the
>security area directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat
>these comments just like any other last call comments. I apologize
>for the tardiness of these comments.
>
>This document provides a brief overview of Suite B cryptography
>and two profiles with specific requirements that TLS servers and
>clients can meet in order to satisfy the Suite B requirements
>while retaining some backward compatibility with older code,
>if desired.
>
>Before reading this document, I was not really familiar with the
>Suite B requirements. The document provided a clear and concise
>introduction to the topic with references to more information.
>
>The requirements listed in the document seem to meet the implied goal
>of ensuring secure interoperation between Suite B implementations
>while allowing for less secure interoperation with older code.
>
>I do not have any major concerns with this document. I wonder
>about the following text in section 4 (in the requirements on
>clients implementing the Suite B transitional profile):
>
>    o  A Suite B transitional TLS version 1.1 or earlier client MUST
>       offer one cipher suite for each supported security level.
>
>This sounds like the client MUST offer only one cipher suite
>for each supported security level, presumably the cipher suites
>mentioned in the next two sentences. Actually, I think it is
>permitted for such a client to offer other cipher suites in
>order to achieve interoperability with non-Suite B compliant
>servers, as mentioned in the next bullet. Therefore, I suggest
>that the text quoted above be changed to something like this:
>
>    o  A Suite B transitional TLS version 1.1 or earlier client MUST
>       offer at least the cipher suites described in the next two
>       sentences for each supported security level.

I suggest:

    A Suite B transitional TLS version 1.1 or earlier client MUST offer
    the cipher suite for the 128 bit security level, the cipher suite for
    the 192 bit security level, or both.   For the 128 bit security level,
    TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA MUST be offered in the
    ClientHello message.  For the 192 bit security level,
    TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA MUST be offered in the
    ClientHello message.  One of these cipher suites MUST be the first
    (most preferred) cipher suite in the ClientHello message.

>A client that does offer many cipher suites in order to achieve
>interoperability with non-Suite B compliant servers is subject
>to a downgrade attack. A similar vulnerability exists for servers
>that wish to interoperate with non-Suite B compliant clients.
>Although this threat is obvious to skilled practioners, I think
>that it should be mentioned in the Security Considerations
>section of this document since it is a significant vulnerability
>associated with the recommendations contained in this document.

Due to the hash that is computed over the entire handshake, a 
man-in-the-middle cannot remove cipher suites from the offer without 
being detected.  However, if a TLS client offers many cipher suites 
in order to achieve
interoperability with non-Suite B compliant servers, then the client 
is subject to a TLS server selecting the least secure that is 
offered.  The TLS server gets to do the picking from the list offered 
by the TLS client, so I am do not see the "similar vulnerability."

>I did notice two minor errors in the document. In the last bullet
>of the introduction, "An transitional" should be "A transitional".
>And just before the text quoted above, the word "and" is missing
>from the preceding sentence. That sentence should read as follows:
>
>    For a client to implement the Suite B transitional profile, it MUST
>    implement TLS version 1.1 or earlier and the following cipher suite
>    rules apply:

I fixed these editorial problems.

>To summarize, I am not an expert in Suite B cryptography but
>I think that this document is beneficial and should be approved.
>However, the shortcomings that I have pointed out should be
>corrected before publication.

Thanks.

Russ 

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From: Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi>
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Subject: [secdir] Review of draft-igoe-secsh-aes-gcm-00.txt
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I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's
ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the
IESG.  These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the
security area directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat
these comments just like any other last call comments.

The document describes how to use combined mode aes-gcm ciphers in the
secure shell. I think this document have several problems:


1) The draft does not define how the per encryption IV is defined. I
   assume it is some kind of counter with most likely initial value
   and fixed part taken from the appropriate IV generated by the secsh
   key derivation part, but also things like byte order of the counter
   etc needs to be defined. RFC 5116 provides just generic
   instructions for the nonce generation (generation of distinct
   nonces for each operation for given key) in section 3.1 and then
   provides recommended format for the nonce in section 3.2, and then
   there is another format for the nonce in section 3.2.1, but nothing
   in this document says which format is used.

2) This is first combined mode cipher for the secsh, so it should also
   provide information required to support combined mode ciphers in
   secsh. For example it should say that combined mode encryption is
   run only once and what key it is using (most likely the encryption
   key from section 7.2 from RFC 4253 etc). It also needs to say that
   mac generation DOES NOT follow section 6.4 of RFC 4253 (i.e. no
   MAC(key, sequence_number || unencrypted_packet)).

3) I am not sure if there is need adding sequence_number to the
   authenticated data of the combined mode. That sequence_number is
   added to the mac of the normal secsh modes, but as I think the
   aes-gcm mode will provide same protection by using the IV in a
   format of counter, but I am not sure if that is enough. At least it
   should be mentioned why it is not needed.

4) Section 7 says that it is "SHOULD" to use same aead-aes-*-gcm-ssh
   for both confidentiality and data integrity mechanism. That implies
   that it would be valid to use for example 3des as encryption
   algorithm and aead-aes-128-gcm-ssh as integrity algorithm. This
   causes few problems, as both of those algorithms require IV, thus
   the draft needs to defined how the Initial IV of the section 7.2
   RFC 4253 needs to be splitted between 3des IV and
   aead-aes-128-gcm-ssh IV. Another example would be that if someone
   decides to use aead-aes-256-gcm-ssh as encryption algorithm and
   aead-aes-128-gcm-ssh for the integrity then the aes-gcm needs to be
   run twice, and now the key for the aead-aes-256-gcm-ssh is taken
   from encryption key and the key for the aead-aes-128-gcm-ssh is
   taken from the integrity key (and the separate IV for both needs to
   be taken from Initial IV field). I would suggest way mandate that
   same aead-aes-*-gcm-ssh algorithm MUST be selected for encryption
   and integrity algorithms (perhaps with only one exception when
   using none encryption and aead-aes-*-gcm-ssh as integrity
   algorithm).

5) Next question then if encryption and integrity algorithms happen to
   be same combined mode ciphers (in case we keep "SHOULD" in point 4,
   and allow mixing different combined mode ciphers for both
   encryption and integrity alrogithms), does that still mean that we
   need to run the aes-gcm twice with different IVs and keys
   (encryption key and integrity key)? My guess is that you do NOT
   want to run it twice, but you only want to run it once using the
   encryption key and one Initial IV and use output of that for both
   encryption and mac.

6) This should have reference to the RFC 4253, as that is the actual
   document using the algorithms, and this really actually modifies
   that documents at least from mac generation part. Also the question
   is that as this extends standard track document with informational
   document, that does not just define new ciphers, but also changes
   the base document, should this document be on the standard track
   also? 

In general I think this document requires still quite a lot of more
text to describe how to use combined mode ciphers in the secsh. Bit
like we needed to have much more description in the RFC 5282 when the
AEAD modes where defined to be used in the IKEv2 SAs (I do not think
secsh needs that much text as RFC5282 as secsh case is simplier, but
it still needs something).
-- 
kivinen@iki.fi
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From secdir-bounces@ietf.org  Tue Nov 18 09:11:37 2008
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A reminder about our lunch: the Symphony III room is on the 
2nd floor, end of corridor past the terminal room. 

The lobby coffee shop might sell something useful; there are also 
several places that sell sandwiches (etc.) on the skyway (towards
International Centre/AT&T Building).

Best regards,
Pasi 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Eronen Pasi (Nokia-NRC/Helsinki) 
> Sent: 12 November, 2008 13:49
> To: 'secdir@ietf.org'
> Subject: SecDir lunch on Tuesday
> 
> 
> We'll have the Security Directorate lunch on Tuesday as before;
> the room is Symphony III.
> 
> As usual, bring your own lunch and we will discuss what's
> going on in the area and around the IETF.
> 
> Best regards,
> Pasi & Tim
> 
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I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's ongoing
effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the IESG.  These
comments were written primarily for the benefit of the security area
directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat these comments just
like any other last call comments.

I premise this review with the following: a) I'm not an NFS expert and I
don't play one on TV or on YouTube b) I did actually skim the 605-page base
document to try to get a little smarter on NFS (but I'm not sure how much
smarter).

I think the document is well written and the security considerations section
addresses the questions/concerns I thought of.

Editorial nits:

Section 2.1.2: r/Pnfs_osd_version/pnfs_osd_version4
Ref [5]/[7]: Authors instead of companies?

spt

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Sean, many thanks for your review and comments.
I agree with both comments and corrected them locally.

Sean/Lars, should I just submit an updated draft now,
or should I wait to see if there are any more comments
from the upcoming discussion planned for 2008-12-06?

Benny

On Nov. 18, 2008, 20:22 +0200, "Turner, Sean P." <turners@ieca.com> wrote:
> I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's ongoing
> effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the IESG.  These
> comments were written primarily for the benefit of the security area
> directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat these comments just
> like any other last call comments.
> 
> I premise this review with the following: a) I'm not an NFS expert and I
> don't play one on TV or on YouTube b) I did actually skim the 605-page base
> document to try to get a little smarter on NFS (but I'm not sure how much
> smarter).
> 
> I think the document is well written and the security considerations section
> addresses the questions/concerns I thought of.
> 
> Editorial nits:
> 
> Section 2.1.2: r/Pnfs_osd_version/pnfs_osd_version4
> Ref [5]/[7]: Authors instead of companies?
> 
> spt
> 
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From: "Turner, Sean P." <turners@ieca.com>
To: "'Benny Halevy'" <bhalevy@panasas.com>, <lars.eggert@nokia.com>
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Subject: Re: [secdir] review of draft-ietf-nfsv4-pnfs-obj-09.txt
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I don't think that my comments alone would require a new version to be
published (i.e., I'd wait until AUTH48).

spt

>-----Original Message-----
>From: Benny Halevy [mailto:bhalevy@panasas.com] 
>Sent: Wednesday, November 19, 2008 12:57 PM
>To: Turner, Sean P.; lars.eggert@nokia.com
>Cc: secdir; welch@panasas.com; jimz@panasas.com; 
>iesg@ietf.org; magnus.westerlund@ericsson.com; Benny Halevy
>Subject: Re: review of draft-ietf-nfsv4-pnfs-obj-09.txt
>
>Sean, many thanks for your review and comments.
>I agree with both comments and corrected them locally.
>
>Sean/Lars, should I just submit an updated draft now, or 
>should I wait to see if there are any more comments from the 
>upcoming discussion planned for 2008-12-06?
>
>Benny
>
>On Nov. 18, 2008, 20:22 +0200, "Turner, Sean P." 
><turners@ieca.com> wrote:
>> I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's 
>> ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the 
>> IESG.  These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the 
>> security area directors.  Document editors and WG chairs 
>should treat 
>> these comments just like any other last call comments.
>> 
>> I premise this review with the following: a) I'm not an NFS 
>expert and 
>> I don't play one on TV or on YouTube b) I did actually skim the 
>> 605-page base document to try to get a little smarter on NFS 
>(but I'm 
>> not sure how much smarter).
>> 
>> I think the document is well written and the security considerations 
>> section addresses the questions/concerns I thought of.
>> 
>> Editorial nits:
>> 
>> Section 2.1.2: r/Pnfs_osd_version/pnfs_osd_version4
>> Ref [5]/[7]: Authors instead of companies?
>> 
>> spt
>> 

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--text follows this line--


Jon Peterson points out that there is about 30 minutes of discussion
of how to secure signaling for DTLS-SRTP scheduled for SIP today.


As I understand the issue, session border controller vendors are
unhappy with SIP identity because its integrity protection covers too
much.  Jon believes their proposals cover too little.

It's kind of a complicated topic, and so it is probably more of an
opportunity to listen rather than to talk that much.  However if
you're already spun up on RTPSEC and are available, I think going
would be a good idea.  If you want to spin up on this important topic,
this might also be a good time to go.

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The SMIME WG did not meeting at IETF 73.  The SMIME WG has 9 IDs.  Here is
the status of those IDs:

In RFC Editors Queue:

- draft-ietf-smime-multisig: Pinned on draft-ietf-smime-3850bis &
                             draft-ietf-smime-3850bis IDs.
- draft-ietf-smime-ibearch: In EDIT state.
- draft-ietf-smime-bfibecms: In EDIT state.

With AD (status: Passed IETF LC)
- draft-ietf-smime-3850bis: Awaiting GEN-ART comments 
- draft-ietf-smime-3851bis: Addressed IETF LC comments. 
                            Will publish when GEN-ART comments on
                            draft-ietf-smime-3850bis are addressed.

With AD (status: In 2nd IETF LC):
- draft-ietf-smime-sha2: No comments so far.

With AD (status: Awaiting new ID from authors):
- draft-ietf-smime-rfc3278-update: Addressing WG LC comments.
                                   New version published shortly after
                                   meeting.  Expected to go to WG LC.
- draft-ietf-smime-cms-rsa-kem: A new version was posted, but another
                                is needed to address Steve Kent's
                                SECDIR comments.

With WG
- draft-ietf-smime-new-asn1: This ID updates many/most of the ASN.1
     modules in the S/MIME WG to the '02 ASN.1.  The authors want
     reviewers.  It is expected that the ID will be ready for WG LC
     in December '08.

spt

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I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's 
ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the IESG. 
  These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the security 
area directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat these 
comments just like any other last call comments.

Document: draft-ietf-l1vpn-ospfv3-auto-discovery
Title: OSPFv3 Based Layer 1 VPN Auto-Discovery

Summary: The document defines a mechanism for auto-discovery of 
OSPFv3-based L1 VPNs.  It parallels the RFC 5252 mechanism for 
OSPFv2-based discovery of L1 VPNs, and includes support for IPv6.  It 
specifically only covers transmission of this information between 
provider elements, and not to any customer elements.  The document 
defines a TLV for carrying this information as an OSPFv3 Link State 
Advertisement Type.

The document reuses existing OSPF over IPv6 security mechanisms for 
protecting and authenticating the exchanged TLVs.  This protects against 
many external threats, but does not protect against insider attacks 
(e.g. compromised or misconfigured routers), which could propagate 
invalid L1 VPN information throughout the routing domain.  This is 
documented fully in the referenced supporting documents.

The reviewer finds no specific security issues with the document.

--
t. charles clancy, ph.d.                 eng.umd.edu/~tcc
electrical & computer engineering, university of maryland
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From: "Donald Eastlake" <d3e3e3@gmail.com>
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I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's ongoing
effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the IESG.  Document
editors and WG chairs should treat these comments just like any other last
call comments.

This document suggests ways to help where MPLS and MPLS label distribution
(LDP) are intended to run over the links in a network as determined by an IP
routing protocol but, for one reason or another, either transiently or
permanently, IP routing is up on a link but MPLS is not functioning. This
results in the possibility of MPLS frames following a path found by routing
but getting black holed at the link where MPLS is not operational. The draft
also suggests applicability of its suggestions to some types of tunnels.

Security Considerations
   While, admittedly, this relatively short document is about some fairly
simple things relating to MPLS LDP and IP routing, I felt a bit shortchanged
by the Security Considerations section.
   It is my impression that this document, or at least the underlying
protocols it refers to, assume a trusted "provider" world with a secure
perimeter such that "customer" traffic from the uncontrolled outside world
has been tamed / filtered / labeled as it enters this trusted world. The
presence of such clues as "edge-to-edge" and "PE" which, while unexplained
and unexpanded in this document, I assume to be "Provider Edge", lead to
this conclusion. But it would be nice to say this and/or to give a reference
to the Security Considerations section of RFC 5306, which tends to recommend
being secure by only talking to nodes that won't say anything nasty to you.
   The possibilities of Denial of Service caused by the drafts
recommendations are discussed and do not seem particularly serious except,
as the draft says, in case of "operational error or implementation error"
however, I think the reference to "current best security practice" without
any reference or further explanation is a bit vague.

Editorial   Section 5, page 5, first line: Insert "that" after "attack".
   Section 5, page 5, fifth line: Replace "here is to prevent the link to be
used when" with "here prevents the use of the link when"

I am bothered that no author lists a telephone number in the Author's
Addresses section.

Thanks,Donald
=============================
Donald E. Eastlake 3rd   +1-508-634-2066 (home)
155 Beaver Street
Milford, MA 01757 USA
d3e3e3@gmail.com

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<div>I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate&#39;s&nbsp;ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the&nbsp;IESG. &nbsp;Document editors and WG chairs should treat these comments just like any other last call comments.</div>
<div><br></div><div>This document suggests ways to help where MPLS and MPLS label distribution (LDP) are intended to run over the links in a network as determined by an IP routing protocol but, for one reason or another, either transiently or permanently, IP routing is up on a link but MPLS is not functioning. This results in the possibility of MPLS frames following a path found by routing but getting black holed at the link where MPLS is not operational. The draft also suggests applicability of its suggestions to some types of tunnels.</div>
<div><br></div><div>Security Considerations</div><div>&nbsp;&nbsp; While, admittedly, this relatively short document is about some fairly simple things relating to MPLS LDP and IP routing, I felt a bit shortchanged by the Security Considerations section.</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; It is my impression that this document, or at least the underlying protocols it refers to, assume a trusted &quot;provider&quot; world with a secure perimeter such that &quot;customer&quot; traffic from the uncontrolled outside world has been tamed / filtered / labeled as it enters this trusted world. The presence of such clues as &quot;edge-to-edge&quot; and &quot;PE&quot; which, while unexplained and unexpanded in this document, I assume to be &quot;Provider Edge&quot;, lead to this conclusion. But it would be nice to say this and/or to give a reference to the Security Considerations section of RFC 5306, which tends to recommend being secure by only talking to nodes that won&#39;t say anything nasty to you.</div>
<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; The possibilities of Denial of Service caused by the drafts recommendations are discussed and do not seem particularly serious except, as the draft says, in case of &quot;operational error or implementation error&quot; however, I think the reference to &quot;current best security practice&quot; without any reference or further explanation is a bit vague.</div>

<div><br></div><div>Editorial<div>&nbsp;&nbsp; Section 5, page 5, first line: Insert &quot;that&quot; after &quot;attack&quot;.</div><div>&nbsp;&nbsp; Section 5, page 5, fifth line: Replace &quot;here is to prevent the link to be used when&quot; with &quot;here prevents the use of the link when&quot;<br clear="all">

<br></div><div>I am bothered that no author lists a telephone number in the Author&#39;s Addresses section.</div><div><br>Thanks,<div>Donald<br>=============================<br> Donald E. Eastlake 3rd &nbsp; +1-508-634-2066 (home)<br>

 155 Beaver Street<br> Milford, MA 01757 USA<br> <a href="mailto:d3e3e3@gmail.com" target="_blank">d3e3e3@gmail.com</a><br>
</div></div></div>

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From secdir-bounces@ietf.org  Fri Nov 21 21:45:37 2008
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I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's 
ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the IESG. 
These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the security 
area directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat these 
comments just like any other last call comments.

This document requests one Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP)
from the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) for real-time
traffic classes similar to voice conforming to the Expedited
Forwarding Per Hop Behavior, and admitted using a call admission
procedure involving authentication, authorization, and capacity
admission.

This document also recommends that certain classes of video traffic
described in RFC 4594 and which have similar requirements be changed
to require admission using a Call Admission Control (CAC) procedure
involving authentication, authorization, and capacity admission.

For a person not familiar with the underlying technology,
I found the Security Consideration section to be insufficiently detailed
about threats. While the list of threats seems to be adequate,
it would be useful to have some pointers to documents describing possible
remedies (for example how to achieve adequately strong proof of identity),
or a clear statement that the protocol doesn't provide such facility.


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On Nov 21, 2008, at 11:44 PM, Alexey Melnikov wrote:

> I found the Security Consideration section to be insufficiently  
> detailed
> about threats. While the list of threats seems to be adequate,
> it would be useful to have some pointers to documents describing  
> possible
> remedies (for example how to achieve adequately strong proof of  
> identity),
> or a clear statement that the protocol doesn't provide such facility.

Would a reference to 4542 be sufficient?

My sense is that the threat model on a AAA service is likely to be  
documented in something related to AAA services, and frankly you are  
more likely to have a pointer to the document than I. Similarly, the  
threat model regarding people getting capacity allocated to them that  
shouldn't have been seems implicit in RFC 1633, the documentation of  
RSVP, and the documentation of NSIS - protocols designed explicitly to  
prevent that from happening. There is of course a threat model for  
implementing such a protocol as well, which is mentioned in RFC 4230.

if I'm missing something and you want more, some idea of what kind of  
threat model you are looking for would be helpful.
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Subject: [secdir] SECDIR review of draft-kucherawy-sender-auth-header-17
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Hi,

I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's
ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the
IESG.  These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the
security area directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat
these comments just like any other last call comments.

Unfortunately, I wasn't able to spend a lot of time with this document. 
I skimmed most of it and read through the Security Considerations section. 
>From what I saw, the document appears to be in good shape.  The Security 
Considerations section is thorough and appears to cover all of the cases. 
Overall, I believe that the Internet community will benefit from this 
work.

Best regards,
Chris
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From secdir-bounces@ietf.org  Mon Nov 24 21:23:12 2008
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Subject: [secdir] SECDIR review of draft-ietf-calsify-rfc2445bis-09
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Hi all,

I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's
ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the
IESG.  These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the
security area directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat
these comments just like any other last call comments.

This document defines a document format (iCalendar) for expressing 
calendaring information.  This format does not contain mechanisms for 
providing security features to the information encoded in it, but there 
is appropriate text in the Security Considerations to guide protocols 
that might carry iCalendar documents.

My only real concern is the ambiguity of the "Binary" value data type. 
The other value data types defined in this document have clear semantics 
attached that indicate how a compliant parser might handle the encoded 
data.  The Binary type defines how to decode the included data, but not 
what sort of information this data conveys.  Without further context to 
guide processing of this information, I'm concerned that this could lead 
to implementations that attempt to guess the type of binary content.  I 
would suggest adding text to Section 3.2.20 of the following character:
"
If this parameter indicates that the type of the property value is 
BINARY, then the FMTTYPE paramter MUST be set in order to indicate the 
MIME type of the encoded binary information.
"

In general, though, I think this document is ready to go.

--Richard
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Date: Tue, 25 Nov 2008 20:47:51 +0900
From: "Yuji KAMITE" <y.kamite@ntt.com>
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Cc: 'Mark Townsley' <townsley@cisco.com>,
	draft-ietf-l2vpn-vpls-mcast-reqts@tools.ietf.org,
	l2vpn-chairs@tools.ietf.org, secdir@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [secdir] Status of draft-ietf-l2vpn-vpls-mcast-reqts?
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This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

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Hi Tim (CC: Sec-Dirs),

> I will keep an eye out for the new text, and would be glad to 
> review it.

For addressing your DISCUSSes and Sec-Dir comments
about this document, I am thinking about revising as attached.

In your review you pointed out that the current document
lacks of thorough security analysis, so now I propose the text
to address it.

I'd appreciate your recheck if it addresses the points you raised.
For detail, please see the attached text.  I also send the diff-file
for your convenience.

Best regards,
-Yuji

------------------------------
Proposed changes summary:
 - Modified Section 6.6.
      - Create subsection 6.6.1 for security threat analysis : 
        - This is totally new text for addressing Sam's DISCUSS and Sec-Dir comment below:
          https://datatracker.ietf.org/idtracker/draft-ietf-l2vpn-vpls-mcast-reqts/comment/75905/
          http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ietf/current/msg49004.html

      - Create subsection 6.6.2. for security requirements:  
        - Added a short paragraph to show highlighted relationship to address the Tim's DISCUSS
          https://datatracker.ietf.org/idtracker/draft-ietf-l2vpn-vpls-mcast-reqts/comment/78677/
        - Elaborated how each threat item is solved/mitigated 

 - Modified Section 7.
      - Added text as 3rd paragraph to reflect the proposed changes in Section 6.6.
------------------------------


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Tim Polk [mailto:tim.polk@nist.gov] 
> Sent: Tuesday, November 18, 2008 4:55 AM
> To: Yuji KAMITE
> Cc: 'Mark Townsley'; 
> draft-ietf-l2vpn-vpls-mcast-reqts@tools.ietf.org; 
> l2vpn-chairs@tools.ietf.org
> Subject: Re: Status of draft-ietf-l2vpn-vpls-mcast-reqts?
> 
> Hi Yuji,
> 
> I will keep an eye out for the new text, and would be glad to 
> review it.
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> Tim
> 
> On Nov 17, 2008, at 10:36 AM, Yuji KAMITE wrote:
> 
> > Mark,
> >
> > Regarding Tim's comment,
> > I've been writing up the security threat analysis recently, but 
> > couldn't submit before the deadline.
> > I'd like to show the curent proposed text for security very soon.  
> > (Hopefully in this week.) I hope Tim will take a look at it.
> >
> > BTW, regarding Ron's comment,
> > I did the changes to address his comment already.
> > But not sure if he actually confirmed it.
> >
> > Regards,
> > Yuji
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Mark Townsley [mailto:townsley@cisco.com]
> > Sent: Monday, November 17, 2008 9:40 AM
> > To: draft-ietf-l2vpn-vpls-mcast-reqts@tools.ietf.org;
> > l2vpn-chairs@tools.ietf.org
> > Subject: Status of draft-ietf-l2vpn-vpls-mcast-reqts?
> >
> >
> >
> > My notes say:
> >> 2 issues mostly covered, remaining security threat analysis issue 
> >> taking more time.
> > I assume this means the comment from Ron can be argued against, but 
> > that the security issue is more problematic.
> >
> > The document hasn't moved since the last IETF. It seems stuck and 
> > needs a little attention from someone.
> >
> > Authors, please try and sit down with Tim Polk this week 
> and resolve 
> > what needs to be done to move this document forward. If you need my 
> > help, please ask.
> >
> > Thanks,
> >
> > - Mark
> >
> >
> >> Discusses and Comments
> >> Ron Bonica:
> >> Discuss:
> >> [2007-12-20] Maybe I missed it, but the document doesn't seem to 
> >> address MAC learning.
> >>
> >> Comment:
> >> [2007-12-20] You say "
> >>
> >> "Furthermore, in some cases, IP service providers might expect 
> >> operational simplicity of VPLS.  That is, they avoid direct and 
> >> detailed knowledge of IP routing.  In this case, the multicast 
> >> delivery mechanism is expected to have not only efficiency 
> but also 
> >> simplicity.  Generally speaking, there is a trade-off between 
> >> efficiency and simplicity in terms of bandwidth usage and state 
> >> maintenance, so the optimum trade-off will vary depending on the 
> >> requirements of each IP service provider."
> >>
> >> The argument about "operational simplicity of VPLS" 
> relative to layer
> >> 3 service is difficult to support, as instead of "direct 
> and detailed 
> >> knowledge of IP routting", one has to deal with direct and 
> detailed 
> >> knowledge of MAC addresses (including MAC address learning), and 
> >> layer 2.
> >>
> >> Consider removing the entire paragraph
> >>
> >>
> >> Also, you say:
> >>
> >>   "A solution SHOULD honor customer multicast domains."
> >>
> >>
> >> Perhaps replace with "A solution SHOULD NOT alter customer 
> multicast 
> >> domains' boundaries", as it is not clear what "honor .. multicast 
> >> domains"
> >> really means. Otherwise, clarify what "honor" means.
> >>
> >> Also, you say:
> >>
> >> "Multicast forwarding restoration time MUST NOT be greater 
> than the 
> >> restoration time of a customer's Layer-3 multicast protocols.  For 
> >> example, if a customer uses PIM with default configuration, hello 
> >> hold timer is 105 seconds, and solutions are required to detect a 
> >> failure no later than this period."
> >>
> >> The above mixes *restoration* time at layer 3 with 
> *detection* time 
> >> at the VPLS infrastructure. Does not seems to be correct.
> >>
> >>
> >> Also, you say:
> >>
> >> Therefore, in addition to the L2VPN discovery requirements in 
> >> [RFC4665], a multicast VPLS solution SHOULD provide a method that 
> >> dynamically allows multicast membership information to be 
> discovered 
> >> by PEs.  Such membership information is, for example, a set of 
> >> multicast addresses.  What information is provided dynamically is 
> >> solution specific."
> >>
> >>
> >> This paragraph mixes several issues that should probably be 
> >> unbundled.
> >> First of all, unless a solution supports (A), as defined in 3.2, 
> >> there is little point in PEs' dynamically discovering multicast 
> >> membership info. So, "SHOULD" be conditioned on supporting (A).
> >>
> >> Second in one scenario a PE discovers multicast membership 
> info from 
> >> only the sites connected to that PE, while in another scenario in 
> >> addition to the previous scenario the PE discovers multicast 
> >> membership info from other PEs as well. The spec needs to 
> spell out 
> >> what exactly it means by "dynamically allow multicast membership 
> >> information to be discovered by PEs".
> >>
> >> Tim Polk:
> >> Discuss:
> >> [2008-03-11] [This is a revised discuss, integrating Sam Hartman's 
> >> issues and my own into a single discuss to support AD transition.]
> >>
> >> This discuss elaborates on issues raised in Steve Hanna's security 
> >> directorate review; that review also needs to be examined in its 
> >> entirety.
> >>
> >> The following issue from the secdir review is blocking:
> >>> Unfortunately, the document does not contain a systematic 
> security 
> >>> analysis of the problem. The Security Considerations section 
> >>> consists of two brief paragraphs. These paragraphs refer to other 
> >>> sections in the document where security requirements are 
> listed and 
> >>> to RFC 4665, which also lists security requirements. However, I 
> >>> could not find any methodical threat analysis listing the 
> possible 
> >>> threats relevant to the system and stating which ones are 
> protected 
> >>> against and which are not.
> >>
> >>> Without a thorough threat analysis, I have little confidence that 
> >>> the authors have thought carefully about the possible 
> threats to the 
> >>> system. I would expect this to lead to large gaps in the security 
> >>> requirements and this seems to be borne out in practice. For 
> >>> example, there is no discussion of threats due to compromise of 
> >>> components within the service provider network.
> >>
> >>> Even more troublesome, I think that a single node at a 
> customer site 
> >>> (presumably untrusted) can mount dangerous attacks. For 
> example, a 
> >>> node that joins many multicast groups can cause a large amount of 
> >>> state to be maintained in the L2VPN.
> >>
> >> Please provide a threat analysis and please work to address or 
> >> document the specific security concerns cited.
> >>
> >> Section 6.6 provides a list of mechanisms a VPLS solution SHOULD 
> >> include.  There is no apparent relationship between the 
> requirements, 
> >> and each is listed with a caveat regarding its application 
> (e.g., "if 
> >> examined").  The net effect is that list appears to be 
> nearly empty 
> >> under some circumstances: if multicast IP addresses are 
> not used for 
> >> forwarding, and neither Ethernet multicast control frames or IP 
> >> multicast control packets are examined, only the first and last 
> >> bullets would apply.
> >>
> >> First, are there implicit relationships that should be 
> highlighted to 
> >> clarify the overall effect? For example, if a VPLS solution always 
> >> examines either Ethernet multicast control frames or IP multicast 
> >> control packets, the net effect is very different.  If such 
> >> relationships exist they should be specifed.
> >>
> >> The SHOULD list is followed by several paragraphs with MAY 
> >> requirements.  Again, the net effect is that a VPLS solution might 
> >> provide none of these mechanisms.  The security considerations 
> >> section needs to elaborate on the consequences of a VPLS solution 
> >> that omits these security mechanisms.
> >
> 

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=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
Network Working Group                                     Y. Kamite, Ed.=0A=
Internet-Draft                                        NTT Communications=0A=
Intended status: Informational                                   Y. Wada=0A=
Expires: May 29, 2009                                                NTT=0A=
                                                              Y. Serbest=0A=
                                                                    AT&T=0A=
                                                                T. Morin=0A=
                                                          France Telecom=0A=
                                                                 L. Fang=0A=
                                                     Cisco Systems, Inc.=0A=
                                                            Nov 25, 2008=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
   Requirements for Multicast Support in Virtual Private LAN Services=0A=
                draft-ietf-l2vpn-vpls-mcast-reqts-07.txt=0A=
=0A=
Status of this Memo=0A=
=0A=
   By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any=0A=
   applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is aware=0A=
   have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she becomes=0A=
   aware will be disclosed, in accordance with Section 6 of BCP 79.=0A=
=0A=
   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering=0A=
   Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups.  Note that=0A=
   other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-=0A=
   Drafts.=0A=
=0A=
   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months=0A=
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any=0A=
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference=0A=
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."=0A=
=0A=
   The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at=0A=
   http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt.=0A=
=0A=
   The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at=0A=
   http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.=0A=
=0A=
   This Internet-Draft will expire on May 29, 2009.=0A=
=0A=
Abstract=0A=
=0A=
   This document provides functional requirements for network solutions=0A=
   that support multicast over Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS).  It=0A=
   specifies requirements both from the end user and service provider=0A=
   standpoints.  It is intended that potential solutions will use these=0A=
   requirements as guidelines.=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
Kamite, et al.            Expires May 29, 2009                  [Page 1]=0A=
=0C=0A=
Internet-Draft         Multicast VPLS Requirements              Nov 2008=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
Table of Contents=0A=
=0A=
   1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4=0A=
     1.1.  Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4=0A=
     1.2.  Scope of this document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5=0A=
   2.  Conventions used in this document  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5=0A=
     2.1.  Terminology  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5=0A=
     2.2.  Conventions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7=0A=
   3.  Problem Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7=0A=
     3.1.  Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7=0A=
     3.2.  Multicast Scalability  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7=0A=
     3.3.  Application Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8=0A=
       3.3.1.  Two Perspectives of the Service  . . . . . . . . . . .  9=0A=
   4.  General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9=0A=
     4.1.  Scope of Transport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10=0A=
       4.1.1.  Traffic Types  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10=0A=
       4.1.2.  Multicast Packet Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10=0A=
       4.1.3.  MAC Learning Consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12=0A=
     4.2.  Static Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12=0A=
     4.3.  Backward Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12=0A=
   5.  Customer Requirements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12=0A=
     5.1.  CE-PE protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12=0A=
       5.1.1.  Layer-2 Aspect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12=0A=
       5.1.2.  Layer-3 Aspect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13=0A=
     5.2.  Multicast Domain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14=0A=
     5.3.  Quality of Service (QoS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14=0A=
     5.4.  SLA Parameters Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15=0A=
     5.5.  Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15=0A=
       5.5.1.  Isolation from Unicast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15=0A=
       5.5.2.  Access Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16=0A=
       5.5.3.  Policing and Shaping on Multicast  . . . . . . . . . . 16=0A=
     5.6.  Access Connectivity  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16=0A=
     5.7.  Multi-Homing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16=0A=
     5.8.  Protection and Restoration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16=0A=
     5.9.  Minimum MTU  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16=0A=
     5.10. Frame Reordering Prevention  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17=0A=
     5.11. Fate-Sharing between Unicast and Multicast . . . . . . . . 17=0A=
   6.  Service Provider Network Requirements  . . . . . . . . . . . . 18=0A=
     6.1.  Scalability  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18=0A=
       6.1.1.  Trade-off of Optimality and State Resource . . . . . . 18=0A=
       6.1.2.  Key Metrics for Scalability  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19=0A=
     6.2.  Tunneling Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20=0A=
       6.2.1.  Tunneling Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20=0A=
       6.2.2.  MTU of MDTunnel  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20=0A=
     6.3.  Robustness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21=0A=
     6.4.  Discovering Related Information  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21=0A=
     6.5.  Operation, Administration and Maintenance  . . . . . . . . 21=0A=
       6.5.1.  Activation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21=0A=
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       6.5.2.  Testing  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22=0A=
       6.5.3.  Performance Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22=0A=
       6.5.4.  Fault Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23=0A=
     6.6.  Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24=0A=
       6.6.1.  Security Threat Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24=0A=
       6.6.2.  Security Requirements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25=0A=
     6.7.  Hierarchical VPLS support  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27=0A=
     6.8.  L2VPN Wholesale  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27=0A=
   7.  Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28=0A=
   8.  IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28=0A=
   9.  Acknowledgments  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28=0A=
   10. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28=0A=
     10.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28=0A=
     10.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28=0A=
   Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30=0A=
   Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . . . 32=0A=
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1.  Introduction=0A=
=0A=
1.1.  Background=0A=
=0A=
   VPLS (Virtual Private LAN Service) is a provider service that=0A=
   emulates the full functionality of a traditional Local Area Network=0A=
   (LAN).  VPLS interconnects several customer LAN segments over a=0A=
   packet switched network (PSN) backbone, creating a multipoint-to-=0A=
   multipoint Ethernet VPN.  For customers, their remote LAN segments=0A=
   behave as one single LAN.=0A=
=0A=
   In a VPLS, the provider network emulates a learning bridge, and=0A=
   forwarding takes place based on Ethernet MAC learning.  Hence, a VPLS=0A=
   requires MAC address learning/aging on a per PW (Pseudo Wire) basis,=0A=
   where forwarding decisions treat the PW as a "bridge port".=0A=
=0A=
   VPLS is a Layer-2 service.  However, it provides two applications=0A=
   from the customer's point of view:=0A=
=0A=
      - LAN Routing application: providing connectivity between customer=0A=
      routers=0A=
      - LAN Switching application: providing connectivity between=0A=
      customer Ethernet switches=0A=
=0A=
   Thus, in some cases, customers across MAN/WAN have transparent=0A=
   Layer-2 connectivity while their main goal is to run Layer-3=0A=
   applications within their routing domain.  As a result, different=0A=
   requirements arise from their variety of applications.=0A=
=0A=
   Originally, PEs (Provider Edges) in VPLS transport broadcast/=0A=
   multicast Ethernet frames by replicating all multicast/broadcast=0A=
   frames received from an AC to all PW's corresponding to a particular=0A=
   VSI.  Such a technique has the advantage of keeping the P (Provider=0A=
   Router) and PE devices completely unaware of IP multicast-specific=0A=
   issues.  Obviously, however, it has quite a few scalability drawbacks=0A=
   in terms of bandwidth consumption, which will lead to increased cost=0A=
   in large-scale deployment.=0A=
=0A=
   Meanwhile, there is a growing need for support of multicast-based=0A=
   services such as IP TV.  This commercial trend makes it necessary for=0A=
   most VPLS deployments to support multicast more efficiently than=0A=
   before.  It is also necessary as customer routers are now likely to=0A=
   be running IP multicast protocols and those routers and connected to=0A=
   switches that will be handling large amounts of multicast traffic.=0A=
=0A=
   Therefore, it is desirable to have more efficient techniques to=0A=
   support IP multicast over VPLS.=0A=
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1.2.  Scope of this document=0A=
=0A=
   This document provides functional requirements for network solutions=0A=
   that support IP multicast in VPLS [RFC4761] [RFC4762].  It identifies=0A=
   requirements that MAY apply to the existing base VPLS architecture in=0A=
   order to optimize IP multicast.  It also complements the generic L2=0A=
   VPN requirements document [RFC4665], by specifying additional=0A=
   requirements specific to the deployment of IP multicast in VPLS.=0A=
=0A=
   The technical specifications are outside the scope of this document.=0A=
   There is no intent to either specify solution-specific details in=0A=
   this document or application-specific requirements.  Also, this=0A=
   document does NOT aim to express multicast-inferred requirements that=0A=
   are not specific to VPLS.  It does NOT aim to express any=0A=
   requirements for native Ethernet specifications, either.=0A=
=0A=
   This document is proposed as a solution guideline and a checklist of=0A=
   requirements for solutions, by which we will evaluate how each=0A=
   solution satisfies the requirements.=0A=
=0A=
   This document clarifies the needs from both VPLS customer as well as=0A=
   provider standpoints and formulates the problems that should be=0A=
   addressed by technical solutions while staying solution agnostic.=0A=
=0A=
   A technical solution and corresponding service which supports this=0A=
   document's requirements are hereinafter called a "multicast VPLS".=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
2.  Conventions used in this document=0A=
=0A=
2.1.  Terminology=0A=
=0A=
   The reader is assumed to be familiar with the terminology, reference=0A=
   models and taxonomy defined in [RFC4664] and [RFC4665].  For=0A=
   readability purposes, we repeat some of the terms here.=0A=
=0A=
   Moreover, we also propose some other terms needed when IP multicast=0A=
   support in VPLS is discussed.=0A=
=0A=
   - ASM:  Any Source Multicast.  One of the two multicast service=0A=
      models where each corresponding service can have an arbitrary=0A=
      number of senders.=0A=
=0A=
   - G:  denotes a multicast group.=0A=
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   - MDTunnel:  Multicast Distribution Tunnel, the means by which the=0A=
      customer's multicast traffic will be conveyed across the SP=0A=
      network.  This is meant in a generic way: such tunnels can be=0A=
      point-to-point, point-to-multipoint or multipoint-to-multipoint.=0A=
      Although this definition may seem to assume that distribution=0A=
      tunnels are unidirectional, the wording encompasses bi-directional=0A=
      tunnels as well.=0A=
=0A=
   - Multicast Channel:  In the multicast SSM (Source Specific=0A=
      Multicast) model [RFC4607], a "multicast channel" designates=0A=
      traffic from a specific source S to a multicast group G. Also=0A=
      denominated as "(S,G)".=0A=
=0A=
   - Multicast domain:  An area in which multicast data is transmitted.=0A=
      In this document, this term has a generic meaning which can refer=0A=
      to Layer-2 and Layer-3.  Generally, the Layer-3 multicast domain=0A=
      is determined by the Layer-3 multicast protocol used to establish=0A=
      reachability between all potential receivers in the corresponding=0A=
      domain.  The Layer-2 multicast domain can be the same as the=0A=
      Layer-2 broadcast domain (i.e., VLAN), but it may be restricted to=0A=
      being smaller than the Layer-2 broadcast domain if an additional=0A=
      control protocol is used.=0A=
=0A=
   - CE:  Customer Edge Device.=0A=
=0A=
   - PE:  Provider Edge.=0A=
=0A=
   - P:  Provider Router.=0A=
=0A=
   - S:  denotes a multicast source.=0A=
=0A=
   - SP:  Service Provider.=0A=
=0A=
   - SSM:  Source Specific Multicast.  One of the two multicast service=0A=
      models where each corresponding service relies upon the use of a=0A=
      single source.=0A=
=0A=
   - U-PE/N-PE:  The device closest to the customer/user is called User=0A=
      facing PE (U-PE) and the device closest to the core network is=0A=
      called Network facing PE (N-PE).=0A=
=0A=
   - VPLS instance:  A service entity manageable in VPLS architecture.=0A=
      All CE devices participating in a single VPLS instance appear to=0A=
      be on the same LAN, composing a VPN across the SP's network.  A=0A=
      VPLS instance corresponds to a group of VSIs that are=0A=
      interconnected using PWs (Pseudo Wires).=0A=
=0A=
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   - VSI:  Virtual Switching Instance.  VSI is a logical entity in a PE=0A=
      that maps multiple ACs (Attachment Circuits) to multiple PWs=0A=
      (Pseudo Wires).  The VSI is populated in much the same way as a=0A=
      standard bridge populates its forwarding table.  Each PE device=0A=
      may have multiple VSIs, where each VSI belongs to a different VPLS=0A=
      instance.=0A=
=0A=
2.2.  Conventions=0A=
=0A=
   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",=0A=
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this=0A=
   document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119] .=0A=
=0A=
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3.  Problem Statements=0A=
=0A=
3.1.  Motivation=0A=
=0A=
   Today, many kinds of IP multicast services are becoming available.=0A=
   Over their Layer-2 VPN service, particularly over VPLS, customers=0A=
   would often like to operate their multicast applications to remote=0A=
   sites.  Also, VPN service providers using an IP-based networks expect=0A=
   that such Layer-2 network infrastructure will efficiently support=0A=
   multicast data traffic.=0A=
=0A=
   However, VPLS has a shortcoming as it relates to multicast=0A=
   scalability as mentioned below because of the replication mechanisms=0A=
   intrinsic to the original architecture.  Accordingly, the primary=0A=
   goal for technical solutions is to solve this issue partially or=0A=
   completely, and provide efficient ways to support IP multicast=0A=
   services over VPLS.=0A=
=0A=
3.2.  Multicast Scalability=0A=
=0A=
   In VPLS, replication occurs at an ingress PE (in H-VPLS case, at=0A=
   N-PE) when a CE sends (1) Broadcast, (2) Multicast or (3) Unknown=0A=
   destination unicast.  There are two well known issues with this=0A=
   approach:=0A=
=0A=
   Issue A: Replication to non-member site=0A=
=0A=
      In case (1) and (3), the upstream PE has to transmit packets to=0A=
      all of the downstream PEs which belong to the common VPLS=0A=
      instance.  You cannot decrease the number of members, so this is=0A=
      basically an inevitable situation for most VPLS deployments.=0A=
=0A=
      In case (2), however, there is an issue that multicast traffic is=0A=
      sent to sites with no members.  Usually this is caused when the=0A=
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      upstream PE does not maintain downstream membership information.=0A=
      The upstream PE simply floods frames to all downstream PEs, and=0A=
      the downstream PEs forward them to directly connected CEs;=0A=
      however, those CEs might not be the members of any multicast=0A=
      group.  From the perspective of customers, they might suffer from=0A=
      pressure on their own resources due to unnecessary traffic.  From=0A=
      the perspective of SPs, they would not like wasteful over-=0A=
      provisioning to cover such traffic.=0A=
=0A=
   Issue B: Replication of PWs on shared physical path=0A=
=0A=
      In VPLS, a VSI associated with each VPLS instance behaves as a=0A=
      logical emulated bridge which can transport Ethernet across the=0A=
      PSN backbone using PWs.  In principle, PWs are designed for=0A=
      unicast traffic.=0A=
=0A=
      In all cases (1), (2) and (3), Ethernet frames are replicated on=0A=
      one or more PWs that belong to that VSI.  This replication is=0A=
      often inefficient in terms of bandwidth usage if those PWs are=0A=
      traversing shared physical links in the backbone.=0A=
=0A=
      For instance, suppose there are 20 remote PEs belonging to a=0A=
      particular VPLS instance, and all PWs happen to be traversing over=0A=
      the same link from one local PE to its next-hop P. In this case,=0A=
      even if a CE sends 50Mbps to the local PE, the total bandwidth of=0A=
      that link will be to 1000Mbps.=0A=
=0A=
      Note that while traditional 802.1D Ethernet switches replicate=0A=
      broadcast/multicast flows once at most per output interface, VPLS=0A=
      often needs to transmit one or more flows duplicated over the same=0A=
      output interface.=0A=
=0A=
      From the perspective of customers, there is no serious issue=0A=
      because they do not know what happens in the core.  However, from=0A=
      the perspective of SPs, unnecessary replication brings the risk of=0A=
      resource exhaustion when the number of PWs increases.=0A=
=0A=
   In both issues A and B, these undesirable situations will become=0A=
   obvious with the wide-spread use of IP multicast applications by=0A=
   customers.  Naturally the problem will become more serious as the=0A=
   number of sites grows.  In other words, there are concerns over the=0A=
   scalability of multicast in VPLS today.=0A=
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3.3.  Application Considerations=0A=
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3.3.1.  Two Perspectives of the Service=0A=
=0A=
   When it comes to IP multicast over VPLS, there are two different=0A=
   aspects in terms of service provisioning.  They are closely related=0A=
   to the functional requirements from two technical standpoints:=0A=
   Layer-2 and Layer-3.=0A=
=0A=
   - Native Ethernet service aspect=0A=
=0A=
      This aspect mainly affects Ethernet network service operators.=0A=
      Their main interest is to solve the issue that existing VPLS=0A=
      deployments cannot always handle multicast/broadcast frames=0A=
      efficiently.=0A=
=0A=
      Today, wide-area Ethernet services are becoming popular, and VPLS=0A=
      can be utilized to provide wide-area LAN services.  As customers=0A=
      come to use various kinds of content distribution applications=0A=
      which use IP multicast (or other protocols which lead to=0A=
      multicast/broadcast in the Ethernet layer), the total amount of=0A=
      traffic will also grow.  In addition, considerations of OAM,=0A=
      security and other related points in multicast in view of Layer-2=0A=
      are important as well.=0A=
=0A=
      In such circumstances, the native VPLS specification would not=0A=
      always be satisfactory if multicast traffic is more dominant in=0A=
      total resource utilization than before.  The scalability issues=0A=
      mentioned in the previous section are expected to be solved.=0A=
=0A=
   - IP multicast service aspect=0A=
=0A=
      This aspect mainly affects both IP service providers and end=0A=
      users.  Their main interest is to provide IP multicast services=0A=
      transparently but effectively by means of VPLS as a network=0A=
      infrastructure.=0A=
=0A=
      SPs might expect VPLS as an access/metro network to deliver=0A=
      multicast traffic (such as Triple-play (Video, Voice, Data) and=0A=
      Multicast IP VPNs) in an efficient way.=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
4.  General Requirements=0A=
=0A=
   We assume the basic requirements for VPLS written in [RFC4665] are=0A=
   fulfilled if there is no special reference in this document.=0A=
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4.1.  Scope of Transport=0A=
=0A=
4.1.1.  Traffic Types=0A=
=0A=
4.1.1.1.  Multicast and Broadcast=0A=
=0A=
   As described before, any solution is expected to have mechanisms for=0A=
   efficient transport of IP multicast.  Multicast is related to both=0A=
   issues A and B (see section 3.2.); however, broadcast is related to=0A=
   issue B only because it does not need membership control.=0A=
=0A=
   -  A multicast VPLS solution SHOULD attempt to solve both issues (A)=0A=
      and (B), if possible.  However, since some applications prioritize=0A=
      solving one issue over the other, the solution MUST identify which=0A=
      issue (A or B) it is attempting to solve.  The solution SHOULD=0A=
      provide a basis for evaluating how well it solves the issue(s) it=0A=
      is targeting, if it is providing an approximate solution.=0A=
=0A=
4.1.1.2.  Unknown Destination Unicast=0A=
=0A=
   Unknown destination MAC unicast requires flooding, but its=0A=
   characteristics are quite different from multicast/broadcast.  When=0A=
   the unicast MAC address is learned, the PE changes its forwarding=0A=
   behavior from flooding over all PWs into sending over one PW.=0A=
   Thereby it will require different technical studies from multicast/=0A=
   broadcast, which is out of scope of this document.=0A=
=0A=
4.1.2.  Multicast Packet Types=0A=
=0A=
   Ethernet multicast is used for conveying Layer-3 multicast data.=0A=
   When IP multicast is encapsulated by an Ethernet frame, the IP=0A=
   multicast group address is mapped to the Ethernet destination MAC=0A=
   address.  In IPv4, the mapping uses the lower 23 bits of the (32bit)=0A=
   IPv4 multicast address and places them as the lower 23 bits of a=0A=
   destination MAC address with the fixed header of 01-00-5E in hex.=0A=
   Since this mapping is ambiguous (i.e., there is a multiplicity of 1=0A=
   Ethernet address to 32 IPv4 addresses), MAC-based forwarding is not=0A=
   ideal for IP multicast because some hosts might possibly receive=0A=
   packets they are not interested in, which is inefficient in traffic=0A=
   delivery and has an impact on security.  On the other hand, if the=0A=
   solution tracks IP addresses rather than MAC addresses, this concern=0A=
   can be prevented.  The drawback of this approach is, however, that=0A=
   the network administration becomes slightly more complicated.=0A=
=0A=
   Ethernet multicast is also used for Layer-2 control frames.  For=0A=
   example, BPDU (Bridge Protocol Data Unit) for IEEE 802.1D Spanning=0A=
   Tree uses a multicast destination MAC address (01-80-C2-00-00-00).=0A=
   Also some of IEEE 802.1ag [802.1ag] Connectivity Fault Management=0A=
=0A=
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   (CFM) messages use a multicast destination MAC address dependent on=0A=
   their message type and application.  From the perspective of IP=0A=
   multicast, however, it is necessary in VPLS to flood such control=0A=
   frames to all participating CEs, without requiring any membership=0A=
   controls.=0A=
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   As for a multicast VPLS solution, it can only use Ethernet-related=0A=
   information, if you stand by the strict application of the basic=0A=
   requirement: "a L2VPN service SHOULD be agnostic to customer's Layer=0A=
   3 traffic [RFC4665]."  This means no Layer-3 information should be=0A=
   checked for transport.  However, it is obvious this is an impediment=0A=
   to solve Issue A.=0A=
=0A=
   Consequently, a multicast VPLS can be allowed to make use of some=0A=
   Layer-3-related supplementary information in order to improve=0A=
   transport efficiency.  In fact, today's LAN switch implementations=0A=
   often support such approaches and snoop upper layer protocols and=0A=
   examine IP multicast memberships (e.g., PIM snooping and IGMP/MLD=0A=
   snooping [RFC4541]).  This will implicitly suggest that VPLS may=0A=
   adopt similar techniques although this document does NOT state=0A=
   Layer-3 snooping is mandatory.  If such an approach is taken, careful=0A=
   consideration of Layer-3 state maintenance is necessary.  In=0A=
   addition, note that snooping approaches sometimes have disadvantages=0A=
   in the system's transparency; that is, one particular protocol's=0A=
   snooping solution might hinder other (especially future) protocol's=0A=
   working (e.g., an IGMPv2-snooping switch vs. a new IGMPv3-snooping=0A=
   one).  Also, note that there are potential alternatives to snooping:=0A=
   -  Static configuration of multicast Ethernet addresses and ports/=0A=
      interfaces=0A=
   -  Multicast control protocol based on Layer-2 technology which=0A=
      signals mappings of multicast addresses to ports/interfaces, such=0A=
      as GARP/GMRP[802.1D], CGMP[CGMP] and RGMP[RFC3488].=0A=
=0A=
   On the basis described above, general requirements about packet types=0A=
   are given as follows:=0A=
=0A=
   -  A solution SHOULD support a way to facilitate IP multicast=0A=
      forwarding of the customers.  It MAY observe Layer-3 information=0A=
      (i.e., multicast routing protocols and state) to the degree=0A=
      necessary, but any information irrelevant to multicast transport=0A=
      SHOULD NOT be consulted.=0A=
=0A=
   -  In a solution, Layer-2 control frames (e.g., BPDU, 802.1ag CFM)=0A=
      SHOULD be flooded to all PE/CEs in a common VPLS instance.  A=0A=
      solution SHOULD NOT change or limit the flooding scope to remote=0A=
      PE/CEs in terms of end-point reachability.=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
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=0A=
   -  In a solution, Layer-2 frames that encapsulate Layer-3 multicast=0A=
      control packets (e.g., PIM, IGMP(for IPv4), MLD(for IPv6)) MAY be=0A=
      flooded only to relevant members, with the goal of limiting=0A=
      flooding scope.  However, Layer-2 frames that encapsulate other=0A=
      Layer-3 control packets (e.g., OSPF, ISIS) SHOULD be flooded to=0A=
      all PE/CEs in a VPLS instance.=0A=
=0A=
4.1.3.  MAC Learning Consideration=0A=
=0A=
   In a common VPLS architecture, MAC learning is carried out by PEs=0A=
   based on the incoming frame's source MAC address, independently of=0A=
   the destination MAC address (i.e., regardless of whether it is=0A=
   unicast, multicast or broadcast).  This is the case with multicast=0A=
   VPLS solution's environment too.  In this document, the improvement=0A=
   of MAC learning scalability is beyond the scope.  It will be covered=0A=
   in the future work.=0A=
=0A=
4.2.  Static Solutions=0A=
=0A=
   A solution SHOULD allow static configuration to account for various=0A=
   operator policies, where the logical multicast topology does not=0A=
   change dynamically in conjunction with a customer's multicast=0A=
   routing.=0A=
=0A=
4.3.  Backward Compatibility=0A=
=0A=
   A solution SHOULD be backward compatible with the existing VPLS=0A=
   solution.  It SHOULD allow a case where a common VPLS instance is=0A=
   composed of both PEs supporting the solution and PEs not supporting=0A=
   it, and the multicast optimization (both forwarding and receiving) is=0A=
   achieved between the compliant PEs.=0A=
=0A=
   Note again that the existing VPLS solutions already have a simple=0A=
   flooding capability.  Thus this backward compatibility will give=0A=
   customers and SPs the improved efficiency of multicast forwarding=0A=
   incrementally as the solution is deployed.=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
5.  Customer Requirements=0A=
=0A=
5.1.  CE-PE protocol=0A=
=0A=
5.1.1.  Layer-2 Aspect=0A=
=0A=
   A solution SHOULD allow transparent operation of Ethernet control=0A=
   protocols employed by customers (e.g.  Spanning Tree Protocol=0A=
   [802.1D]) and their seamless operation with multicast data transport.=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
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=0A=
   Solutions MAY examine Ethernet multicast control frames for the=0A=
   purpose of efficient dynamic transport (e.g.  GARP/GMRP [802.1D]).=0A=
   However, solutions MUST NOT assume all CEs are always running such=0A=
   protocols (typically in the case where a CE is a router and is not=0A=
   aware of Layer-2 details).=0A=
=0A=
   A whole Layer-2 multicast frame (whether for data or control) SHOULD=0A=
   NOT be altered from a CE to CE(s) EXCEPT for the VLAN Id field,=0A=
   ensuring that it is transparently transported.  If VLAN Ids are=0A=
   assigned by the SP, they can be altered.  Note, however, when VLAN=0A=
   Ids are changed, Layer-2 protocols may be broken in some cases, such=0A=
   as Multiple Spanning Tree [802.1s].  Also if the Layer-2 frame is=0A=
   encapsulating Layer-3 multicast control packet (e.g., PIM/IGMP) and=0A=
   customers allow it to be regenerated at PE (aka proxy: see section=0A=
   5.1.2.), then the MAC address for that frame MAY be altered to the=0A=
   minimum necessary (e.g., use PE's own MAC address as a source).=0A=
=0A=
5.1.2.  Layer-3 Aspect=0A=
=0A=
   Again, a solution MAY examine customer's Layer-3 multicast protocol=0A=
   packets for the purpose of efficient and dynamic transport.  If it=0A=
   does, supported protocols SHOULD include:=0A=
=0A=
   o  PIM-SM [RFC4601], PIM-SSM [RFC4607], bidirectional PIM [RFC5015]=0A=
      and PIM-DM [RFC3973]=0A=
   o  IGMP (v1[RFC1112], v2[RFC2236] and v3[RFC3376]) (for IPv4=0A=
      solutions)=0A=
   o  Multicast Listener Discovery Protocol (MLD) (v1[RFC2710] and=0A=
      v2[RFC3810]) (for IPv6 solutions).=0A=
=0A=
   A solution MUST NOT require any special Layer-3 multicast protocol=0A=
   packet processing by the end users.  However, it MAY require some=0A=
   configuration changes (e.g., turning explicit tracking on/off in=0A=
   PIM).=0A=
=0A=
   A whole Layer-3 multicast packet (whether for data or control), which=0A=
   is encapsulated inside a Layer-2 frame, SHOULD NOT be altered from a=0A=
   CE to CE(s), ensuring that it is transparently transported.  However,=0A=
   as for Layer-3 multicast control (like PIM Join/Prune/Hello and IGMP=0A=
   Query/Report packet), it MAY be altered to the minimum necessary if=0A=
   such partial non-transparency is acceptable from point of view of the=0A=
   multicast service.  Similarly, a PE MAY consume such Layer-3=0A=
   multicast control packets and regenerate an entirely new packet if=0A=
   partial non-transparency is acceptable with legitimate reason for=0A=
   customers (aka proxy).=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
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=0A=
5.2.  Multicast Domain=0A=
=0A=
   As noted in Section 2.1., the term "multicast domain" is used in a=0A=
   generic context for Layer-2 and Layer-3.=0A=
=0A=
   A solution SHOULD NOT alter customer multicast domains' boundaries.=0A=
   It MUST ensure that the provided Ethernet multicast domain always=0A=
   encompasses the corresponding customer Layer-3 multicast domain.=0A=
=0A=
   A solution SHOULD optimize those domains' coverage sizes, i.e., a=0A=
   solution SHOULD ensure that unnecessary traffic is not sent to CEs=0A=
   with no members.  Ideally, the provided domain size will be close to=0A=
   that of the customer's Layer-3 multicast membership distribution;=0A=
   however, it is OPTIONAL to achieve such absolute optimality from the=0A=
   perspective of Layer-3.=0A=
=0A=
   If a customer uses VLANs and a VLAN Id as a service delimiter (i.e.,=0A=
   each VPLS instance is represented by a unique customer VLAN tag=0A=
   carried by a frame through the UNI port), a solution MUST support=0A=
   separate multicast domains per VLAN Id.  Note that if VLAN Id=0A=
   translation is provided (i.e., if a customer VLAN at one site is=0A=
   mapped into a different customer VLAN at a different site), multicast=0A=
   domains will be created per set of VLAN Ids which are associated with=0A=
   translation.=0A=
=0A=
   If a customer uses VLANs but a VLAN Id is not a service delimiter=0A=
   (i.e., the VPN disregards customer VLAN Ids), a solution MAY provide=0A=
   separate multicast domains per VLAN Id.  A SP is not required to=0A=
   provide separate multicast domains per VLAN IDs, but it may be=0A=
   considered beneficial to do so.=0A=
=0A=
   A solution MAY build multicast domains based on Ethernet MAC=0A=
   addresses.  It MAY also build multicast domains based on the IP=0A=
   addresses inside Ethernet frames.  That is, PEs in each VPLS instance=0A=
   might control forwarding behavior and provide different multicast=0A=
   frame reachability depending on each MAC/IP destination address=0A=
   separately.  If IP multicast channels are fully considered in a=0A=
   solution, the provided domain size will be closer to actual channel=0A=
   reachability.=0A=
=0A=
5.3.  Quality of Service (QoS)=0A=
=0A=
   Customers require that multicast quality of service MUST be at least=0A=
   on par with what exists for unicast traffic.  Moreover, as multicast=0A=
   is often used to deliver high quality services such as TV broadcast,=0A=
   delay/jitter/loss sensitive traffic MUST be supported over multicast=0A=
   VPLS.=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
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=0A=
=0A=
   To accomplish this, the solution MAY have additional features to=0A=
   support high QoS such as bandwidth reservation and flow admission=0A=
   control.  Also multicast VPLS deployment SHALL benefit from IEEE=0A=
   802.1p CoS techniques [802.1D] and DiffServ [RFC2475] mechanisms.=0A=
=0A=
   Moreover, multicast traffic SHOULD NOT affect the QoS that unicast=0A=
   traffic receives and vice versa.  That is, separation of multicast=0A=
   and unicast traffic in terms of QoS is necessary.=0A=
=0A=
5.4.  SLA Parameters Measurement=0A=
=0A=
   Since SLA parameters are part of the service sold to customers, they=0A=
   simply want to verify their application performance by measuring the=0A=
   parameters SP(s) provide.=0A=
=0A=
   Multicast specific characteristics that may be monitored are, for=0A=
   instance, multicast statistics per stream (e.g. total/incoming/=0A=
   outgoing/dropped traffic by period of time), one-way delay, jitter=0A=
   and group join/leave delay (time to start receiving traffic from a=0A=
   multicast group across the VPN since join/leave was issued).  An=0A=
   operator may also wish to compare the difference in one-way delay for=0A=
   a solitary multicast group/stream from a single, source PE to=0A=
   multiple receiver PEs.=0A=
=0A=
   A solution SHOULD provide these parameters with Ethernet multicast=0A=
   group level granularity.  (For example, multicast MAC address will be=0A=
   one of those entries for classifying flows with statistics, delay and=0A=
   so on.)  However, if a solution is aimed at IP multicast transport=0A=
   efficiency, it MAY support IP multicast level granularity.  (For=0A=
   example, multicast IP address/channel will be entries for latency=0A=
   time.)=0A=
=0A=
   In order to monitor them, standard interfaces for statistics=0A=
   gathering SHOULD also be provided (e.g., standard SNMP MIB Modules).=0A=
=0A=
5.5.  Security=0A=
=0A=
   A solution MUST provide customers with architectures that give the=0A=
   same level of security both for unicast and multicast.=0A=
=0A=
5.5.1.  Isolation from Unicast=0A=
=0A=
   Solutions SHOULD NOT affect any forwarding information base,=0A=
   throughput or resiliency etc. of unicast frames; that is, they SHOULD=0A=
   provide isolation from unicast.=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
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=0A=
5.5.2.  Access Control=0A=
=0A=
   A solution MAY filter multicast traffic inside a VPLS, upon the=0A=
   request of an individual customer, (for example, MAC/VLAN filtering,=0A=
   IP multicast channel filtering, etc.).=0A=
=0A=
5.5.3.  Policing and Shaping on Multicast=0A=
=0A=
   A solution SHOULD support policing and shaping multicast traffic on a=0A=
   per customer basis and on a per AC (Attachment Circuit) basis.  This=0A=
   is intended to prevent multicast traffic from exhausting resources=0A=
   for unicast inside a common customer's VPN.  This might also be=0A=
   beneficial for QoS separation (see section 5.3).=0A=
=0A=
5.6.  Access Connectivity=0A=
=0A=
   First and foremost various physical connectivity types described in=0A=
   [RFC4665] MUST be supported.=0A=
=0A=
5.7.  Multi-Homing=0A=
=0A=
   A multicast VPLS MUST allow a situation in which a CE is dual-homed=0A=
   to two different SPs via diverse access networks -- one is supporting=0A=
   multicast VPLS but the other is not supporting it, (because it is an=0A=
   existing VPLS or 802.1Q/QinQ network).=0A=
=0A=
5.8.  Protection and Restoration=0A=
=0A=
   A multicast VPLS infrastructure SHOULD allow redundant paths to=0A=
   assure high availability.=0A=
=0A=
   Multicast forwarding restoration time MUST NOT be greater than the=0A=
   time it takes a customer's Layer-3 multicast protocols to detect a=0A=
   failure in the VPLS infrastructure.  For example, if a customer uses=0A=
   PIM with default configuration, hello hold timer is 105 seconds, and=0A=
   solutions are required to restore a failure no later than this=0A=
   period.  To achieve this, a solution might need to support providing=0A=
   alternative multicast paths.=0A=
=0A=
   Moreover, if multicast forwarding was not successfully restored=0A=
   (e.g., in case of no redundant paths), a solution MAY raise alarms to=0A=
   provide outage notification to customers before such a hold timer=0A=
   expires.=0A=
=0A=
5.9.  Minimum MTU=0A=
=0A=
   Multicast applications are often sensitive to packet fragmentation=0A=
   and reassembly, so the requirement to avoid fragmentation might be=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
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=0A=
=0A=
   stronger than the existing VPLS solution.=0A=
=0A=
   A solution SHOULD provide customers with enough committed minimum MTU=0A=
   (i.e., service MTU) for multicast Ethernet frames to ensure that IP=0A=
   fragmentation between customer sites never occurs.  It MAY give=0A=
   different MTU sizes to multicast and unicast.=0A=
=0A=
5.10.  Frame Reordering Prevention=0A=
=0A=
   A solution SHOULD attempt to prevent frame reordering when delivering=0A=
   customer multicast traffic.  Likewise, for unicast and unknown=0A=
   unicast traffic, it SHOULD attempt not to increase the likelihood of=0A=
   reordering compared with existing VPLS solutions.=0A=
=0A=
   It is to be noted that delivery of out-of-order frames is not=0A=
   avoidable in certain cases.  Specifically if a solution adopts some=0A=
   MDTunnels (see section 6.2.1) and dynamically selects them for=0A=
   optimized delivery (e.g., switching from one aggregate tree to=0A=
   another), end-to-end data delivery is prone to be out-of-order.  This=0A=
   fact can be considered a trade-off between bandwidth optimization and=0A=
   network stability.  Therefore, such a solution is expected to promote=0A=
   awareness about this kind of drawback.=0A=
=0A=
5.11.  Fate-Sharing between Unicast and Multicast=0A=
=0A=
   In native Ethernet, multicast and unicast connectivity are often=0A=
   managed together.  For instance, 802.1ag CFM Continuity Check message=0A=
   is forwarded by multicast as a periodic heartbeat, but it is supposed=0A=
   to check the "whole" traffic continuity regardless of unicast or=0A=
   multicast, at the same time.  Hence, the aliveness of unicast and=0A=
   multicast is naturally coupled (i.e., fate-shared) in this customer's=0A=
   environment.=0A=
=0A=
   A multicast VPLS solution may decouple the path that a customer's=0A=
   unicast and multicast traffic follow through a SP's backbone, in=0A=
   order to provide the most optimal path for multicast data traffic.=0A=
   This may cause concern among some multicast VPLS customers who desire=0A=
   that, during a failure in the SP's network, both unicast and=0A=
   multicast traffic fail concurrently.=0A=
=0A=
   Therefore, there will be an additional requirement that makes both=0A=
   unicast and multicast connectivity coupled.  This means that if=0A=
   either one of them have a failure, the other is also disabled.  If=0A=
   one of the services (either unicast or multicast) becomes=0A=
   operational, the other is also activated simultaneously.=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
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=0A=
   -  It SHOULD be identified if the solution can provide customers with=0A=
      fate-sharing between unicast and multicast connectivity for their=0A=
      LAN switching application.  It MAY have a configurable mechanism=0A=
      for SPs to provide that on behalf of customers, e.g., aliveness=0A=
      synchronization, but its use is OPTIONAL.=0A=
=0A=
   This policy will benefit customers.  Some customers would like to=0A=
   detect failure soon at CE side and restore full connectivity by=0A=
   switching over to their backup line, rather than to keep poor half=0A=
   connectivity (i.e., either unicast or multicast being in fail).  Even=0A=
   if either unicast or multicast is kept alive, it is just=0A=
   disadvantageous to the customer's application protocols which need=0A=
   both traffic.  Fate-sharing policy contributes to prevent such a=0A=
   complicated situation.=0A=
=0A=
   Note that how serious this issue is depends on each customer's stance=0A=
   in Ethernet operation.  If all CEs are IP routers i.e., if VPLS is=0A=
   provided for LAN routing application, the customer might not care=0A=
   about it because both unicast and multicast connectivity is assured=0A=
   in IP layer.  If the CE routers are running an IGP (e.g., OSPF/IS-IS)=0A=
   and a multicast routing protocol (e.g., PIM), then aliveness of both=0A=
   the unicast and multicast paths will be detected by the CEs.  This=0A=
   does not guarantee that unicast and multicast traffic are to follow=0A=
   the same path in the SP's backbone network, but does mitigate this=0A=
   issue to some degree.=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
6.  Service Provider Network Requirements=0A=
=0A=
6.1.  Scalability=0A=
=0A=
   The existing VPLS architecture has major advantages in scalability.=0A=
   For example, P-routers are free from maintaining customers'=0A=
   information because customer traffic is encapsulated in PSN tunnels.=0A=
   Also a PW's split-horizon technique can prevent loops, making PE=0A=
   routers free from maintaining complicated spanning trees.=0A=
=0A=
   However, a multicast VPLS needs additional scalability considerations=0A=
   related to its expected enhanced mechanisms.  [RFC3809] lists common=0A=
   L2VPN sizing and scalability requirements and metrics, which are=0A=
   applicable in multicast VPLS too.  Accordingly, this section deals=0A=
   with specific requirements related to scalability.=0A=
=0A=
6.1.1.  Trade-off of Optimality and State Resource=0A=
=0A=
   A solution needs to improve the scalability of multicast as is shown=0A=
   in section 3:=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
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=0A=
      Issue A: Replication to non-member site.=0A=
      Issue B: Replication of PWs on shared physical path.=0A=
=0A=
   For both issues, the optimization of physical resources (i.e. link=0A=
   bandwidth usage and router duplication performance) will become a=0A=
   major goal.  However, there is a trade-off between optimality and=0A=
   state resource consumption.=0A=
=0A=
   In order to solve Issue A, a PE might have to maintain multicast=0A=
   group information for CEs which was not kept in the existing VPLS=0A=
   solutions.  This will present scalability concerns about state=0A=
   resources (memory, CPU, etc.) and their maintenance complexity.=0A=
=0A=
   In order to solve Issue B, PE and P routers might have to have=0A=
   knowledge of additional membership information for remote PEs, and=0A=
   possibly additional tree topology information, when they are using=0A=
   point-to-multipoint techniques (PIM tree, P2MP-LSP, etc.).=0A=
=0A=
   Consequently, the scalability evaluation of multicast VPLS solutions=0A=
   needs a careful trade-off analysis between bandwidth optimality and=0A=
   state resource consumption.=0A=
=0A=
6.1.2.  Key Metrics for Scalability=0A=
=0A=
      (Note: This part has a number of similar characteristics to=0A=
      requirements for Layer 3 Multicast VPN [RFC4834].)=0A=
=0A=
   A multicast VPLS solution MUST be designed to scale well with an=0A=
   increase in the number of any of the following metrics:=0A=
=0A=
   -  the number of PEs=0A=
   -  the number of VPLS instances (total and per PE)=0A=
   -  the number of PEs and sites in any VPLS instance=0A=
   -  the number of client VLAN Ids=0A=
   -  the number of client Layer-2 MAC multicast groups=0A=
   -  the number of client Layer-3 multicast channels (groups or source-=0A=
      groups)=0A=
   -  the number of PWs and PSN Tunnels (MDTunnels) (total and per PE)=0A=
=0A=
   Each multicast VPLS solution SHALL document its scalability=0A=
   characteristics in quantitative terms.  A solution SHOULD quantify=0A=
   the amount of state that a PE and a P device has to support.=0A=
=0A=
   The scalability characteristics SHOULD include:=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
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=0A=
   -  the processing resources required by the control plane in managing=0A=
      PWs (neighborhood or session maintenance messages, keepalives,=0A=
      timers, etc.)=0A=
   -  the processing resources required by the control plane in managing=0A=
      PSN tunnels=0A=
   -  the memory resources needed for the control plane=0A=
   -  the amount of protocol information transmitted to manage a=0A=
      multicast VPLS (e.g. signaling throughput)=0A=
   -  the amount of Layer-2/Layer-3 multicast information a P/PE router=0A=
      consumes (e.g. traffic rate of join/leave, keepalives etc.)=0A=
   -  the number of multicast IP addresses used (if IP multicast in ASM=0A=
      mode is proposed as a multicast distribution tunnel)=0A=
   -  other particular elements inherent to each solution that impact=0A=
      scalability=0A=
=0A=
   Another metric for scalability is operational complexity.  Operations=0A=
   will naturally become more complicated if the number of managed=0A=
   objects (e.g., multicast groups) increases, or the topology changes=0A=
   occur more frequently.  A solution SHOULD note the factors which lead=0A=
   to additional operational complexity.=0A=
=0A=
6.2.  Tunneling Requirements=0A=
=0A=
6.2.1.  Tunneling Technologies=0A=
=0A=
   A MDTunnel denotes a multicast distribution tunnel.  This is a=0A=
   generic term for tunneling where customer multicast traffic is=0A=
   carried over a provider's network.  In the L2VPN service context, it=0A=
   will correspond to a PSN tunnel.=0A=
=0A=
   A solution SHOULD be able to use a range of tunneling technologies,=0A=
   including point-to-point (unicast oriented) and point-to-multipoint/=0A=
   multipoint-to-multipoint (multicast oriented).  For example, today=0A=
   there are many kinds of protocols for tunneling such as L2TP, IP,=0A=
   (including multicast IP trees), MPLS (including P2MP-LSP [RFC4875]=0A=
   and P2MP/MP2MP-LSP [I-D.ietf-mpls-ldp-p2mp] ), etc.=0A=
=0A=
   Note that which variant, point-to-point, point-to-multipoint or=0A=
   multipoint-to-multipoint, is used depends largely on the trade-offs=0A=
   mentioned above and the targeted network and applications.=0A=
   Therefore, this document does not mandate any specific protocols.  A=0A=
   solution, however, SHOULD state reasonable criteria if it adopts a=0A=
   specific kind of tunneling protocol.=0A=
=0A=
6.2.2.  MTU of MDTunnel=0A=
=0A=
   From the view of a SP, it is not acceptable to have fragmentation/=0A=
   reassembly so often while packets are traversing a MDTunnel.=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
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=0A=
=0A=
   Therefore, a solution SHOULD support a method that provides the=0A=
   minimum path MTU of the MDTunnel in order to accommodate the service=0A=
   MTU.=0A=
=0A=
6.3.  Robustness=0A=
=0A=
   Multicast VPLS solutions SHOULD avoid single points of failures or=0A=
   propose technical solutions that make it possible to implement a=0A=
   failover mechanism.=0A=
=0A=
6.4.  Discovering Related Information=0A=
=0A=
   The operation of a multicast VPLS solution SHALL be as light as=0A=
   possible and providing automatic configuration and discovery SHOULD=0A=
   be considered a high priority.=0A=
=0A=
   Therefore, in addition to the L2VPN discovery requirements in=0A=
   [RFC4665], a multicast VPLS solution SHOULD provide a method that=0A=
   dynamically allows multicast membership information to be discovered=0A=
   by PEs if the solution supports (A), as defined in section 3.2.  This=0A=
   means, a PE needs to discover multicast membership (e.g., join group=0A=
   addresses) that is controlled dynamically from the sites connected to=0A=
   that PE.  In addition, a PE needs to discover such information=0A=
   automatically from other remote PEs as well in order to limit=0A=
   flooding scope across the backbone.=0A=
=0A=
6.5.  Operation, Administration and Maintenance=0A=
=0A=
6.5.1.  Activation=0A=
=0A=
   The activation of multicast enhancement in a solution MUST be=0A=
   possible:=0A=
=0A=
   o  with a VPLS instance granularity=0A=
   o  with an Attachment Circuit granularity (i.e., with a PE-CE=0A=
      Ethernet port granularity, or with a VLAN Id granularity when it=0A=
      is a service delimiter)=0A=
=0A=
   Also it SHOULD be possible:=0A=
=0A=
   o  with a CE granularity (when multiple CEs of a same VPN are=0A=
      associated with a common VPLS instance)=0A=
   o  with a distinction between multicast reception and emission=0A=
   o  with a multicast MAC address granularity=0A=
   o  with a customer IP multicast group and/or channel granularity=0A=
      (when Layer-3 information is consulted)=0A=
=0A=
   Also it MAY be possible:=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
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=0A=
   o  with a VLAN Id granularity when it is not a service delimiter=0A=
=0A=
6.5.2.  Testing=0A=
=0A=
   A solution MUST provide a mechanism for testing multicast data=0A=
   connectivity and verifying the associated information.  Examples that=0A=
   SHOULD be supported which are specific to multicast are:=0A=
=0A=
   -  Testing connectivity per multicast MAC address=0A=
   -  Testing connectivity per multicast Layer-3 group/channel=0A=
   -  Verifying data plane and control plane integrity (e.g.  PW,=0A=
      MDTunnel)=0A=
   -  Verifying multicast membership-relevant information (e.g.=0A=
      multicast MAC-addresses/PW-ports associations, Layer-3 group=0A=
      associations)=0A=
=0A=
   Operators usually want to test if an end-to-end multicast user's=0A=
   connectivity is OK before and after activation.  Such end-to-end=0A=
   multicast connectivity checking SHOULD enable the end-to-end testing=0A=
   of the data path used by that customer's multicast data packets.=0A=
   Specifically, end-to-end checking will have CE-to-CE path test and=0A=
   PE-to-PE path test.  A solution MUST support PE-to-PE path test and=0A=
   MAY support CE-to-CE path test.=0A=
=0A=
   Also operators will want to make use of a testing mechanism for=0A=
   diagnosis and troubleshooting.  In particular, a solution SHOULD be=0A=
   able to monitor information describing how client multicast traffic=0A=
   is carried over the SP network.  Note that if a solution supports=0A=
   frequent dynamic membership changes with optimized transport,=0A=
   troubleshooting within the SP's network will tend to be difficult.=0A=
=0A=
6.5.3.  Performance Management=0A=
=0A=
   Mechanisms to monitor multicast specific parameters and statistics=0A=
   MUST be offered to the SP.=0A=
=0A=
      (Note: This part has a number of similar characteristics to=0A=
      requirements for Layer 3 Multicast VPN [RFC4834].)=0A=
=0A=
   A solution MUST provide SPs with access to:=0A=
=0A=
   -  Multicast traffic statistics (total traffic forwarded, incoming,=0A=
      outgoing, dropped, etc., by period of time)=0A=
=0A=
   A solution SHOULD provide access to:=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
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=0A=
=0A=
   -  Information about a customer's multicast resource usage (the=0A=
      amount of multicast state and throughput)=0A=
   -  Performance information related to multicast traffic usage, e.g.,=0A=
      one-way delay, jitter, loss, delay variations (the difference in=0A=
      one-way delay for a solitary multicast group/stream from a single,=0A=
      source PE to multiple receiver PEs) etc.=0A=
   -  Alarms when limits are reached on such resources=0A=
   -  Statistics on decisions related to how client traffic is carried=0A=
      on MDTunnels (e.g.  "How much traffic was switched onto a=0A=
      multicast tree dedicated to such groups or channels")=0A=
   -  Statistics on parameters that could help the provider to evaluate=0A=
      its optimality/state trade-off=0A=
=0A=
   All or part of this information SHOULD be made available through=0A=
   standardized SNMP MIB Modules (Management Information Base).=0A=
=0A=
6.5.4.  Fault Management=0A=
=0A=
   A multicast VPLS solution needs to consider those management steps=0A=
   taken by SPs below:=0A=
=0A=
   o  Fault detection=0A=
         A solution MUST provide tools that detect group membership/=0A=
         reachability failure and traffic looping for multicast=0A=
         transport.  It is anticipated that such tools are coordinated=0A=
         with the testing mechanisms mentioned in 6.5.2.=0A=
=0A=
         In particular, such mechanisms SHOULD be able to detect a=0A=
         multicast failure quickly, (on par with unicast cases).  It=0A=
         SHOULD also avoid situations where multicast traffic has been=0A=
         in a failure state for a relatively long time while unicast=0A=
         traffic remains operational.  If such a situation were to=0A=
         occur, it would end up causing problems with customer=0A=
         applications that depend on a combination of unicast and=0A=
         multicast forwarding.=0A=
=0A=
         With multicast, there may be many receivers associated with a=0A=
         particular mulitcast stream/group.  As the number of receivers=0A=
         increases, the number of places (typically nearest the=0A=
         receivers) required to detect a fault will increase=0A=
         proportionately.  This raises concerns over the scalability of=0A=
         fault detection in large multicast deployments.  Consequently,=0A=
         a fault detection solution SHOULD scale well; in particular, a=0A=
         solution should consider key metrics for scalability as=0A=
         described in section 6.1.2.=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
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=0A=
=0A=
   o  Fault notification=0A=
         A solution MUST also provide fault notification and trouble=0A=
         tracking mechanisms. (e.g.  SNMP-trap and syslog.)=0A=
=0A=
         In case of multicast, one point of failure often affects a=0A=
         number of downstream routers/receivers that might be able to=0A=
         raise a notification.  Hence notification messages MAY be=0A=
         summarized or compressed for operators' ease of management.=0A=
=0A=
   o  Fault isolation=0A=
         A solution MUST provide diagnostic/troubleshooting tools for=0A=
         multicast as well.  Also it is anticipated that such tools are=0A=
         coordinated with the testing mechanisms mentioned in 6.5.2.=0A=
=0A=
         In particular, a solution needs to correctly identify the area=0A=
         inside a multicast group impacted by the failure.  A solution=0A=
         SHOULD be able to diagnose if an entire multicast group is=0A=
         faulty or if some specific destinations are still alive.=0A=
=0A=
6.6.  Security=0A=
=0A=
6.6.1.  Security Threat Analysis=0A=
=0A=
   In multicast VPLS, there is a concern that one or more customer nodes=0A=
   (presumably untrusted) might cause multicast-related attacks to the=0A=
   SP network.  There is a danger that it might compromise some=0A=
   components which belong to the whole system.=0A=
=0A=
   This subsection states possible security threats relevant to the=0A=
   system and which are protected against and which are not.=0A=
=0A=
   General security consideration about a base VPLS (as part of L2VPNs)=0A=
   is referred to [RFC4665].  Following is the threat analysis list=0A=
   which is inherent to multicast VPLS.=0A=
=0A=
   (a)  Attack by huge amount of multicast control packets.=0A=
      There is a threat that a CE joins too many multicast groups and=0A=
      causes Denial of Service (DoS).  This is caused by sending a large=0A=
      number of packets join/prune messages in short time and/or putting=0A=
      a large variety of group addresses in join/prune messages.  This=0A=
      attack will waste PE's control resources (e.g., CPU, memory) which=0A=
      examine customer control messages (for solving issue A in section=0A=
      3.2.) and it will not continue expected services for other trusted=0A=
      customers.=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
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=0A=
=0A=
   (b)  Attack by invalid/malformed multicast control packets.=0A=
      There is a threat that a CE sends invalid or malformed control=0A=
      packets that might corrupt PE, which will cause DoS attack.  In=0A=
      particular, a CE might be spoofing legitimate source/group IP=0A=
      multicast addresses in such control packets (in PIM, IGMP etc.)=0A=
      and source/destination MAC addresses as Layer 2 frame.=0A=
=0A=
   (c)  Attack by rapid state change of multicast.=0A=
      If a malicious CE changes multicast state by sending control=0A=
      packets in an extremely short period, this might affect PE's=0A=
      control resources (e.g., CPU, memory) to follow such state=0A=
      changes.  Besides, it might also affect PE/P's control resources=0A=
      if MDTunnel inside the core is dynamically created in conjunction=0A=
      with customer's multicast group.=0A=
=0A=
   (d)  Attack by high volume of multicast/broadcast data traffic.=0A=
      A malicious CE might send very high volume of multicast and/or=0A=
      broadcast data to a PE.  If that PE does not provide any=0A=
      safeguards, it will cause excessive replication in SP network and=0A=
      the bandwidth resources for other trusted customers might be=0A=
      exhausted.=0A=
=0A=
   (e)  Attack by high volume of unknown destination unicast data=0A=
      traffic.=0A=
      A malicious CE can send a high volume of unknown unicast to a PE.=0A=
      Generally according to VPLS architecture, that PE must flood such=0A=
      unknown traffic to all correspond PEs in the same VPN.  A variety=0A=
      of unknown destinations and huge amount of such frames might cause=0A=
      excess traffic in SP network unless there is an appropriate=0A=
      safeguard provided.=0A=
=0A=
6.6.2.  Security Requirements=0A=
=0A=
   Based on the analysis in the previous subsection, the security=0A=
   requirements from the SP's perspective are shown as follows.=0A=
=0A=
   A SP network MUST be invulnerable to malformed or maliciously=0A=
   constructed customer traffic.  This applies to both multicast data=0A=
   packets and multicast control packets.=0A=
=0A=
   Moreover, because multicast, broadcast, and unknown-unicast need more=0A=
   resources than unicast, a SP network MUST have safeguards against=0A=
   unwanted or malicious multicast traffic.  This applies to both=0A=
   multicast data packets and multicast control packets.=0A=
=0A=
   Specifically, a multicast VPLS solution SHOULD have mechanisms to=0A=
   protect a SP network from:=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
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=0A=
=0A=
   (1)  invalid multicast MAC addresses=0A=
   (2)  invalid multicast IP addresses=0A=
   (3)  malformed Ethernet multicast control protocol frames=0A=
   (4)  malformed IP multicast control protocol packets=0A=
   (5)  high volumes of=0A=
      *  valid/invalid customer control packets=0A=
      *  valid/invalid customer data packets (broadcast/multicast/=0A=
         unknown-unicast)=0A=
=0A=
   Depending each solution's actual approach to tackle with issue A and=0A=
   B or both (see section 3.2.), there are relationships to be=0A=
   highlighted about each item's importance listed above.  First off,=0A=
   protection against (3) and (4) becomes significantly important if a=0A=
   solution supports solving issue A, and PEs are processing customer's=0A=
   Ethernet/IP multicast control messages from CE.  Moreover protection=0A=
   against (2) should also be much focused because PIM/IGMP snooping=0A=
   will usually require that PE's data forwarding be based on IP=0A=
   addresses.  By contrast, however, if a solution is solving only issue=0A=
   B, not A, then PEs might never process customer's multicast control=0A=
   messages at all, and they do not perform IP address-based forwarding,=0A=
   but does native Ethernet forwarding.  If so, there is relatively less=0A=
   danger about (2)(3)(4) compared to the first case.=0A=
=0A=
   The following are a few additional guidelines in detail.=0A=
=0A=
      For protecting against threat (a), a solution SHOULD support to=0A=
      impose some bounds on the quantity of state used by a VPN to be=0A=
      imposed in order to prevent state resource exhaustion (i.e., lack=0A=
      of memory, CPU etc.).  In this case, the bounds MUST be=0A=
      configurable per VPN basis, not total of various VPNs so that SP=0A=
      can isolate the resorce waste that is caused by any malicious=0A=
      customer.=0A=
=0A=
      For protecting against threat (d) and (e), a solution SHOULD=0A=
      support to perform traffic policing to limit the unwanted data=0A=
      traffic shown above.  In this case, while policing MAY be=0A=
      configurable to the sum of unicast, multicast, broadcast and=0A=
      unknown unicast traffic, it SHOULD also be configurable to each=0A=
      such type of traffic individually in order to prevent physical=0A=
      resource exhaustion (i.e., lack of bandwidth and degradation of=0A=
      throughput).  If the policing limit is configured on total traffic=0A=
      only, there will be a concern that one customer's huge multicast=0A=
      might close other irrelevant unicast traffic.  If it can be=0A=
      configured individually, this concern will be avoided.  Moreover,=0A=
      such a policing mechanism MUST be configurable per VPN basis, not=0A=
      total of various VPNs to isolate malicious customer's traffic from=0A=
      others.=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
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=0A=
=0A=
      For protecting against threat (c), a solution SHOULD be able to=0A=
      limit frequent changes of group membership by customers.  For=0A=
      example, PEs might support a dampening mechanism that throttles=0A=
      their multicast state changes if the customers are changing too=0A=
      excessively.  Also if MDTunnel is provided being tightly coupled=0A=
      to dynamic changes of customer's multicast domain, it is also=0A=
      effective to delay building the tunnel when customer's state is=0A=
      changed frequently.=0A=
=0A=
      Protecting against threat (b) might not be an easy task.=0A=
      Generally, checking the legitimacy of customer's IP multicast=0A=
      control packets will eventually require the authentication between=0A=
      PE and CE in Layer 3; however, L2VPN (including VPLS) by its=0A=
      nature does not usually assume Layer 3-based security mechanism=0A=
      supported at PE-CE level.=0A=
      The ramification of this fact is that there remains possibility=0A=
      that a PE's control plain might be badly affected by corrupted=0A=
      multicast control packets that the PE is examining.  Hence each PE=0A=
      implementation will need to make an effort to minimize this impact=0A=
      from malicious customers and isolate it from other trusted=0A=
      customers as much as possible.=0A=
      Nevertheless, it is possible to mitigate this threat to some=0A=
      degree.  For example, a PE MAY support a filter mechanism about IP=0A=
      and MAC addresses in L2/L3 header and a filter mechanism about=0A=
      source/group addresses in the multicast join/prune messages.  This=0A=
      will help a PE to validate customers' control messages, to a=0A=
      certain extent.=0A=
=0A=
6.7.  Hierarchical VPLS support=0A=
=0A=
   A VPLS multicast solution SHOULD allow a hierarchical VPLS (H-VPLS)=0A=
   [RFC4762] service model.  In other words, a solution is expected to=0A=
   operate seamlessly with existing hub and spoke PW connectivity.=0A=
=0A=
   Note that it is also important to take into account the case of=0A=
   redundant spoke connections between U-PEs and N-PEs.=0A=
=0A=
6.8.  L2VPN Wholesale=0A=
=0A=
   A solution MUST allow a situation where one SP is offering L2VPN=0A=
   services to another SP.  One example here is a wholesale model where=0A=
   one VPLS interconnects other SPs' VPLS or 802.1D network islands.=0A=
   For customer SP, their multicast forwarding can be optimized by=0A=
   making use of multicast VPLS in the wholesaler SP.=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
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=0A=
=0A=
7.  Security Considerations=0A=
=0A=
   Security concerns and requirements for a base VPLS solution are=0A=
   described in [RFC4665].=0A=
=0A=
   In addition, there are security considerations specific to multicast=0A=
   VPLS.  Thus a set of security issues have been identified that MUST=0A=
   be addressed when considering the design and deployment of multicast=0A=
   VPLS.  Such issues have been described in Section 5.5 and 6.6.=0A=
=0A=
   In particular, security requirements from the view of customers are=0A=
   shown in Section 5.5.  Security requirements from the view of=0A=
   providers are shown in Section 6.6.  Section 6.6.1 conducts security=0A=
   threat analysis about the provider's whole system.  Section 6.6.2=0A=
   explains how each threat can be addressed or mitigated.=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
8.  IANA Considerations=0A=
=0A=
   This document has no actions for IANA.=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
9.  Acknowledgments=0A=
=0A=
   The authors thank the contributors of [RFC4834] since the structure=0A=
   and content of this document were, for some sections, largely=0A=
   inspired by [RFC4834].=0A=
=0A=
   The authors also thank Yuichi Ikejiri, Jerry Ash, Bill Fenner, Vach=0A=
   Kompella, Shane Amante, Ben Niven-Jenkins and Venu Hemige for their=0A=
   valuable reviews and feedbacks.=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
10.  References=0A=
=0A=
10.1.  Normative References=0A=
=0A=
   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate=0A=
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.=0A=
=0A=
   [RFC4665]  Augustyn, W. and Y. Serbest, "Service Requirements for=0A=
              Layer 2 Provider-Provisioned Virtual Private Networks",=0A=
              RFC 4665, September 2006.=0A=
=0A=
10.2.  Informative References=0A=
=0A=
   [802.1D]   ISO/IEC 15802-3: 1998 ANSI/IEEE Std 802.1D, 1998 Edition=0A=
              (Revision and redesignation of ISO/IEC  10038:98), "Part=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
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=0A=
=0A=
              3: Media Access Control (MAC) Bridges", ISO/IEC 15802-3:,=0A=
              1998.=0A=
=0A=
   [802.1ag]  IEEE, "Virtual Bridge Local Area Networks: Connectivity=0A=
              Fault Management (Work in Progress)", 2007.=0A=
=0A=
   [802.1s]   IEEE Std 802.1s-2002, "Virtual Bridged Local Area=0A=
              Networks- Amendment 3: Multiple Spanning Trees", 2002.=0A=
=0A=
   [CGMP]     Farinacci, D., Tweedly, A., and T. Speakman, "Cisco Group=0A=
              Management Protocol (CGMP)",=0A=
              ftp://ftpeng.cisco.com/ipmulticast/specs/cgmp.txt , 1996/=0A=
              1997.=0A=
=0A=
   [I-D.ietf-mpls-ldp-p2mp]=0A=
              Minei, I., "Label Distribution Protocol Extensions for=0A=
              Point-to-Multipoint and  Multipoint-to-Multipoint Label=0A=
              Switched Paths", draft-ietf-mpls-ldp-p2mp-05 (work in=0A=
              progress), June 2008.=0A=
=0A=
   [RFC1112]  Deering, S., "Host extensions for IP multicasting", STD 5,=0A=
              RFC 1112, August 1989.=0A=
=0A=
   [RFC2236]  Fenner, W., "Internet Group Management Protocol, Version=0A=
              2", RFC 2236, November 1997.=0A=
=0A=
   [RFC2475]  Blake, S., Black, D., Carlson, M., Davies, E., Wang, Z.,=0A=
              and W. Weiss, "An Architecture for Differentiated=0A=
              Services", RFC 2475, December 1998.=0A=
=0A=
   [RFC2710]  Deering, S., Fenner, W., and B. Haberman, "Multicast=0A=
              Listener Discovery (MLD) for IPv6", RFC 2710,=0A=
              October 1999.=0A=
=0A=
   [RFC3376]  Cain, B., Deering, S., Kouvelas, I., Fenner, B., and A.=0A=
              Thyagarajan, "Internet Group Management Protocol, Version=0A=
              3", RFC 3376, October 2002.=0A=
=0A=
   [RFC3488]  Wu, I. and T. Eckert, "Cisco Systems Router-port Group=0A=
              Management Protocol (RGMP)", RFC 3488, February 2003.=0A=
=0A=
   [RFC3809]  Nagarajan, A., "Generic Requirements for Provider=0A=
              Provisioned Virtual Private Networks (PPVPN)", RFC 3809,=0A=
              June 2004.=0A=
=0A=
   [RFC3810]  Vida, R. and L. Costa, "Multicast Listener Discovery=0A=
              Version 2 (MLDv2) for IPv6", RFC 3810, June 2004.=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
Kamite, et al.            Expires May 29, 2009                 [Page 29]=0A=
=0C=0A=
Internet-Draft         Multicast VPLS Requirements              Nov 2008=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
   [RFC3973]  Adams, A., Nicholas, J., and W. Siadak, "Protocol=0A=
              Independent Multicast - Dense Mode (PIM-DM): Protocol=0A=
              Specification (Revised)", RFC 3973, January 2005.=0A=
=0A=
   [RFC4541]  Christensen, M., Kimball, K., and F. Solensky,=0A=
              "Considerations for Internet Group Management Protocol=0A=
              (IGMP) and Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Snooping=0A=
              Switches", RFC 4541, May 2006.=0A=
=0A=
   [RFC4601]  Fenner, B., Handley, M., Holbrook, H., and I. Kouvelas,=0A=
              "Protocol Independent Multicast - Sparse Mode (PIM-SM):=0A=
              Protocol Specification (Revised)", RFC 4601, August 2006.=0A=
=0A=
   [RFC4607]  Holbrook, H. and B. Cain, "Source-Specific Multicast for=0A=
              IP", RFC 4607, August 2006.=0A=
=0A=
   [RFC4664]  Andersson, L. and E. Rosen, "Framework for Layer 2 Virtual=0A=
              Private Networks (L2VPNs)", RFC 4664, September 2006.=0A=
=0A=
   [RFC4761]  Kompella, K. and Y. Rekhter, "Virtual Private LAN Service=0A=
              (VPLS) Using BGP for Auto-Discovery and Signaling",=0A=
              RFC 4761, January 2007.=0A=
=0A=
   [RFC4762]  Lasserre, M. and V. Kompella, "Virtual Private LAN Service=0A=
              (VPLS) Using Label Distribution Protocol (LDP) Signaling",=0A=
              RFC 4762, January 2007.=0A=
=0A=
   [RFC4834]  Morin, T., Ed., "Requirements for Multicast in Layer 3=0A=
              Provider-Provisioned Virtual Private Networks (PPVPNs)",=0A=
              RFC 4834, April 2007.=0A=
=0A=
   [RFC4875]  Aggarwal, R., Papadimitriou, D., and S. Yasukawa,=0A=
              "Extensions to Resource Reservation Protocol - Traffic=0A=
              Engineering (RSVP-TE) for Point-to-Multipoint TE Label=0A=
              Switched Paths (LSPs)", RFC 4875, May 2007.=0A=
=0A=
   [RFC5015]  Handley, M., Kouvelas, I., Speakman, T., and L. Vicisano,=0A=
              "Bidirectional Protocol Independent Multicast (BIDIR-=0A=
              PIM)", RFC 5015, October 2007.=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
Kamite, et al.            Expires May 29, 2009                 [Page 30]=0A=
=0C=0A=
Internet-Draft         Multicast VPLS Requirements              Nov 2008=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
Authors' Addresses=0A=
=0A=
   Yuji Kamite (editor)=0A=
   NTT Communications Corporation=0A=
   Tokyo Opera City Tower=0A=
   3-20-2 Nishi Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku=0A=
   Tokyo  163-1421=0A=
   Japan=0A=
=0A=
   Email: y.kamite@ntt.com=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
   Yuichiro Wada=0A=
   NTT=0A=
   3-9-11 Midori-cho=0A=
   Musashino-shi=0A=
   Tokyo  180-8585=0A=
   Japan=0A=
=0A=
   Email: wada.yuichiro@lab.ntt.co.jp=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
   Yetik Serbest=0A=
   AT&T Labs=0A=
   9505 Arboretum Blvd.=0A=
   Austin, TX  78759=0A=
   USA=0A=
=0A=
   Email: yetik_serbest@labs.att.com=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
   Thomas Morin=0A=
   France Telecom R&D=0A=
   2, avenue Pierre-Marzin=0A=
   22307 Lannion Cedex=0A=
   France=0A=
=0A=
   Email: thomas.morin@francetelecom.com=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
   Luyuan Fang=0A=
   Cisco Systems, Inc.=0A=
   300 Beaver Brook Road=0A=
   Boxborough, MA  01719=0A=
   USA=0A=
=0A=
   Email: lufang@cisco.com=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
Kamite, et al.            Expires May 29, 2009                 [Page 31]=0A=
=0C=0A=
Internet-Draft         Multicast VPLS Requirements              Nov 2008=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
Full Copyright Statement=0A=
=0A=
   Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2008).=0A=
=0A=
   This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions=0A=
   contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors=0A=
   retain all their rights.=0A=
=0A=
   This document and the information contained herein are provided on an=0A=
   "AS IS" basis and THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS=0A=
   OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY, THE IETF TRUST AND=0A=
   THE INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS=0A=
   OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF=0A=
   THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED=0A=
   WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
Intellectual Property=0A=
=0A=
   The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any=0A=
   Intellectual Property Rights or other rights that might be claimed to=0A=
   pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in=0A=
   this document or the extent to which any license under such rights=0A=
   might or might not be available; nor does it represent that it has=0A=
   made any independent effort to identify any such rights.  Information=0A=
   on the procedures with respect to rights in RFC documents can be=0A=
   found in BCP 78 and BCP 79.=0A=
=0A=
   Copies of IPR disclosures made to the IETF Secretariat and any=0A=
   assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an=0A=
   attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of=0A=
   such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this=0A=
   specification can be obtained from the IETF on-line IPR repository at=0A=
   http://www.ietf.org/ipr.=0A=
=0A=
   The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any=0A=
   copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary=0A=
   rights that may cover technology that may be required to implement=0A=
   this standard.  Please address the information to the IETF at=0A=
   ietf-ipr@ietf.org.=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
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=0C=0A=
=0A=

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draft-ietf-l2vpn-vpls-mcast-reqts-07_tmp2_0811.txt</title>=20
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  <table border=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0">=20
  <tr =
bgcolor=3D"orange"><th></th><th>&nbsp;draft-ietf-l2vpn-vpls-mcast-reqts-0=
6.txt&nbsp;</th><th> =
</th><th>&nbsp;draft-ietf-l2vpn-vpls-mcast-reqts-07_tmp2_0811.txt&nbsp;</=
th><th></th></tr>=20
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left">Network Working Group                                     =
Y. Kamite, Ed.</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">Network Working Group   =
                                  Y. Kamite, Ed.</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left">Internet-Draft                                        NTT =
Communications</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">Internet-Draft          =
                              NTT Communications</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left">Intended status: Informational                            =
       Y. Wada</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">Intended status: =
Informational                                   Y. Wada</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td><a name=3D"diff0001" /></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock">Expires: <span class=3D"delete">February 6, 2009</span> =
                                           NTT</td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"rblock">Expires: <span class=3D"insert">May 29, 2009    </span> =
                                           NTT</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
                                                           Y. =
Serbest</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">                               =
                               Y. Serbest</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
                                                                 =
AT&amp;T</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">                              =
                                      AT&amp;T</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
                                                             T. =
Morin</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">                                 =
                               T. Morin</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
                                                       France =
Telecom</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">                               =
                           France Telecom</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
                                                              L. =
Fang</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">                                  =
                               L. Fang</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
                                                  Cisco Systems, =
Inc.</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">                                  =
                   Cisco Systems, Inc.</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td><a name=3D"diff0002" /></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
                                                           <span =
class=3D"delete"> Aug </span>5, 2008</td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"> =
                                                           <span =
class=3D"insert">Nov 2</span>5, 2008</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
Requirements for Multicast Support in Virtual Private LAN =
Services</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   Requirements for Multicast =
Support in Virtual Private LAN Services</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td><a name=3D"diff0003" /></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
               draft-ietf-l2vpn-vpls-mcast-reqts-0<span =
class=3D"delete">6</span>.txt</td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">        =
        draft-ietf-l2vpn-vpls-mcast-reqts-0<span =
class=3D"insert">7</span>.txt</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left">Status of this Memo</td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"right">Status of this Memo</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that =
any</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   By submitting this =
Internet-Draft, each author represents that any</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is =
aware</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   applicable patent or other =
IPR claims of which he or she is aware</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she =
becomes</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   have been or will be =
disclosed, and any of which he or she becomes</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
aware will be disclosed, in accordance with Section 6 of BCP =
79.</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   aware will be disclosed, in =
accordance with Section 6 of BCP 79.</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet =
Engineering</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   Internet-Drafts are =
working documents of the Internet Engineering</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups.  Note =
that</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   Task Force (IETF), its areas, =
and its working groups.  Note that</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno"></td><td class=3D"left"></td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right"></td><td class=3D"lineno"></td></tr>
      <tr bgcolor=3D"gray" ><td></td><th><a name=3D"part-l2" =
/><small>skipping to change at</small><em> page 1, line 41</em></th><th> =
</th><th><a name=3D"part-r2" /><small>skipping to change at</small><em> =
page 1, line 41</em></th><td></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at =
any</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   and may be updated, replaced, =
or obsoleted by other documents at any</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference</td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right">   time.  It is inappropriate to use =
Internet-Drafts as reference</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."</td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right">   material or to cite them other than as "work =
in progress."</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at</td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"right">   The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed =
at</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt.</td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"right">   http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt.</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed =
at</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   The list of Internet-Draft =
Shadow Directories can be accessed at</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   =
http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td><a name=3D"diff0004" /></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
  This Internet-Draft will expire on <span class=3D"delete">February =
6</span>, 2009.</td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">   This =
Internet-Draft will expire on <span class=3D"insert">May 29</span>, =
2009.</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left">Abstract</td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"right">Abstract</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
This document provides functional requirements for network =
solutions</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   This document provides =
functional requirements for network solutions</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
that support multicast over Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS).  =
It</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   that support multicast over =
Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS).  It</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
specifies requirements both from the end user and service =
provider</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   specifies requirements =
both from the end user and service provider</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
standpoints.  It is intended that potential solutions will use =
these</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   standpoints.  It is intended =
that potential solutions will use these</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
requirements as guidelines.</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   =
requirements as guidelines.</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left">Table of Contents</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">Table =
of Contents</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno"></td><td class=3D"left"></td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right"></td><td class=3D"lineno"></td></tr>
      <tr bgcolor=3D"gray" ><td></td><th><a name=3D"part-l3" =
/><small>skipping to change at</small><em> page 2, line 48</em></th><th> =
</th><th><a name=3D"part-r3" /><small>skipping to change at</small><em> =
page 2, line 48</em></th><td></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
  5.8.  Protection and Restoration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
16</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">     5.8.  Protection and =
Restoration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
  5.9.  Minimum MTU  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
16</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">     5.9.  Minimum MTU  . . . . . . =
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
  5.10. Frame Reordering Prevention  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
17</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">     5.10. Frame Reordering =
Prevention  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
  5.11. Fate-Sharing between Unicast and Multicast . . . . . . . . =
17</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">     5.11. Fate-Sharing between =
Unicast and Multicast . . . . . . . . 17</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
6.  Service Provider Network Requirements  . . . . . . . . . . . . =
18</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   6.  Service Provider Network =
Requirements  . . . . . . . . . . . . 18</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
  6.1.  Scalability  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
18</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">     6.1.  Scalability  . . . . . . =
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
    6.1.1.  Trade-off of Optimality and State Resource . . . . . . =
18</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">       6.1.1.  Trade-off of =
Optimality and State Resource . . . . . . 18</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
    6.1.2.  Key Metrics for Scalability  . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
19</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">       6.1.2.  Key Metrics for =
Scalability  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
  6.2.  Tunneling Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
20</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">     6.2.  Tunneling Requirements . =
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
    6.2.1.  Tunneling Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
20</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">       6.2.1.  Tunneling =
Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td><a name=3D"diff0005" /></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
      6.2.2.  MTU of MDTunnel  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
2<span class=3D"delete">1</span></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">     =
  6.2.2.  MTU of MDTunnel  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2<span =
class=3D"insert">0</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
  6.3.  Robustness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
21</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">     6.3.  Robustness . . . . . . . =
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
  6.4.  Discovering Related Information  . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
21</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">     6.4.  Discovering Related =
Information  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
  6.5.  Operation, Administration and Maintenance  . . . . . . . . =
21</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">     6.5.  Operation, =
Administration and Maintenance  . . . . . . . . 21</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
    6.5.1.  Activation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
21</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">       6.5.1.  Activation . . . . . =
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
    6.5.2.  Testing  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
22</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">       6.5.2.  Testing  . . . . . . =
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
    6.5.3.  Performance Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
22</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">       6.5.3.  Performance =
Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
    6.5.4.  Fault Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
23</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">       6.5.4.  Fault Management . . =
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
  6.6.  Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
24</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">     6.6.  Security . . . . . . . . =
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td><a name=3D"diff0006" /></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
    6.7.  Hierarchical VPLS support  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
<span class=3D"delete">25</span></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">     =
  <span class=3D"insert">6.6.1.  Security Threat Analysis . . . . . . . =
. . . . . . . . 24</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
    6.8.  L2VPN Wholesale  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
<span class=3D"delete">25</span></td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"rblock"><span class=3D"insert">       6.6.2.  Security =
Requirements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25</span></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
  7.  Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
<span class=3D"delete">25</span></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">     =
6.7.  Hierarchical VPLS support  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <span =
class=3D"insert">27</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
  8.  IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
<span class=3D"delete">26</span></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">     =
6.8.  L2VPN Wholesale  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <span =
class=3D"insert">27</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
  9.  Acknowledgments  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
<span class=3D"delete">26</span></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">   =
7.  Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <span =
class=3D"insert">28</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
  10. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
<span class=3D"delete">26</span></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">   =
8.  IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <span =
class=3D"insert">28</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
    10.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
<span class=3D"delete">26</span></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">   =
9.  Acknowledgments  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <span =
class=3D"insert">28</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
    10.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
<span class=3D"delete">26</span></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">   =
10. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <span =
class=3D"insert">28</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
  Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =
<span class=3D"delete">28</span></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">     =
10.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <span =
class=3D"insert">28</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
  Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . . . =
<span class=3D"delete">30</span></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">     =
10.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <span =
class=3D"insert">28</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">   Authors' =
Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <span =
class=3D"insert">30</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">   Intellectual =
Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . . . <span =
class=3D"insert">32</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">1. =
 Introduction</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">1.  Introduction</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left">1.1.  Background</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">1.1.  =
Background</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
VPLS (Virtual Private LAN Service) is a provider service that</td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right">   VPLS (Virtual Private LAN Service) is a =
provider service that</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
emulates the full functionality of a traditional Local Area =
Network</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   emulates the full =
functionality of a traditional Local Area Network</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
(LAN).  VPLS interconnects several customer LAN segments over a</td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right">   (LAN).  VPLS interconnects several customer =
LAN segments over a</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
packet switched network (PSN) backbone, creating a =
multipoint-to-</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   packet switched =
network (PSN) backbone, creating a multipoint-to-</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
multipoint Ethernet VPN.  For customers, their remote LAN =
segments</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   multipoint Ethernet VPN.  =
For customers, their remote LAN segments</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno"></td><td class=3D"left"></td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right"></td><td class=3D"lineno"></td></tr>
      <tr bgcolor=3D"gray" ><td></td><th><a name=3D"part-l4" =
/><small>skipping to change at</small><em> page 13, line =
28</em></th><th> </th><th><a name=3D"part-r4" /><small>skipping to =
change at</small><em> page 13, line 28</em></th><td></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
customers allow it to be regenerated at PE (aka proxy: see =
section</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   customers allow it to be =
regenerated at PE (aka proxy: see section</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
5.1.2.), then the MAC address for that frame MAY be altered to =
the</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   5.1.2.), then the MAC address =
for that frame MAY be altered to the</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
minimum necessary (e.g., use PE's own MAC address as a source).</td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right">   minimum necessary (e.g., use PE's own MAC =
address as a source).</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left">5.1.2.  Layer-3 Aspect</td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"right">5.1.2.  Layer-3 Aspect</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
Again, a solution MAY examine customer's Layer-3 multicast =
protocol</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   Again, a solution MAY =
examine customer's Layer-3 multicast protocol</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
packets for the purpose of efficient and dynamic transport.  If =
it</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   packets for the purpose of =
efficient and dynamic transport.  If it</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
does, supported protocols SHOULD include:</td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"right">   does, supported protocols SHOULD include:</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td><a name=3D"diff0007" /></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
  o  PIM-SM [RFC4601], PIM-SSM [RFC4607], bidirectional PIM</td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"rblock">   o  PIM-SM [RFC4601], PIM-SSM [RFC4607], =
bidirectional PIM <span class=3D"insert">[RFC5015]</span></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
     <span class=3D"delete">[I-D.ietf-pim-bidir]</span> and PIM-DM =
[RFC3973]</td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">      and PIM-DM =
[RFC3973]</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
o  IGMP (v1[RFC1112], v2[RFC2236] and v3[RFC3376]) (for IPv4</td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right">   o  IGMP (v1[RFC1112], v2[RFC2236] and =
v3[RFC3376]) (for IPv4</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
   solutions)</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">      solutions)</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
o  Multicast Listener Discovery Protocol (MLD) (v1[RFC2710] and</td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right">   o  Multicast Listener Discovery Protocol =
(MLD) (v1[RFC2710] and</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
   v2[RFC3810]) (for IPv6 solutions).</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"> =
     v2[RFC3810]) (for IPv6 solutions).</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
A solution MUST NOT require any special Layer-3 multicast =
protocol</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   A solution MUST NOT =
require any special Layer-3 multicast protocol</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
packet processing by the end users.  However, it MAY require =
some</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   packet processing by the end =
users.  However, it MAY require some</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
configuration changes (e.g., turning explicit tracking on/off =
in</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   configuration changes (e.g., =
turning explicit tracking on/off in</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
PIM).</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   PIM).</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno"></td><td class=3D"left"></td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right"></td><td class=3D"lineno"></td></tr>
      <tr bgcolor=3D"gray" ><td></td><th><a name=3D"part-l5" =
/><small>skipping to change at</small><em> page 20, line =
39</em></th><th> </th><th><a name=3D"part-r5" /><small>skipping to =
change at</small><em> page 20, line 39</em></th><td></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
A MDTunnel denotes a multicast distribution tunnel.  This is a</td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right">   A MDTunnel denotes a multicast distribution =
tunnel.  This is a</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
generic term for tunneling where customer multicast traffic is</td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right">   generic term for tunneling where customer =
multicast traffic is</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
carried over a provider's network.  In the L2VPN service context, =
it</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   carried over a provider's =
network.  In the L2VPN service context, it</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
will correspond to a PSN tunnel.</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   =
will correspond to a PSN tunnel.</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
A solution SHOULD be able to use a range of tunneling =
technologies,</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   A solution SHOULD be =
able to use a range of tunneling technologies,</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
including point-to-point (unicast oriented) and =
point-to-multipoint/</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   including =
point-to-point (unicast oriented) and point-to-multipoint/</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
multipoint-to-multipoint (multicast oriented).  For example, =
today</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   multipoint-to-multipoint =
(multicast oriented).  For example, today</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
there are many kinds of protocols for tunneling such as L2TP, =
IP,</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   there are many kinds of =
protocols for tunneling such as L2TP, IP,</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td><a name=3D"diff0008" /></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
  (including multicast IP trees), MPLS (including P2MP-LSP</td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"rblock">   (including multicast IP trees), MPLS =
(including P2MP-LSP <span class=3D"insert">[RFC4875]</span></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
  <span class=3D"delete">[I-D.ietf-mpls-rsvp-te-p2mp]</span> and =
P2MP/MP2MP-LSP</td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">   and P2MP/MP2MP-LSP =
[I-D.ietf-mpls-ldp-p2mp] ), etc.</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
  [I-D.ietf-mpls-ldp-p2mp] ), etc.</td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"rblock"></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
Note that which variant, point-to-point, point-to-multipoint or</td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right">   Note that which variant, point-to-point, =
point-to-multipoint or</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
multipoint-to-multipoint, is used depends largely on the =
trade-offs</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   =
multipoint-to-multipoint, is used depends largely on the =
trade-offs</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
mentioned above and the targeted network and applications.</td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right">   mentioned above and the targeted network and =
applications.</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
Therefore, this document does not mandate any specific protocols.  =
A</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   Therefore, this document does not =
mandate any specific protocols.  A</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
solution, however, SHOULD state reasonable criteria if it adopts =
a</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   solution, however, SHOULD state =
reasonable criteria if it adopts a</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
specific kind of tunneling protocol.</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">  =
 specific kind of tunneling protocol.</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left">6.2.2.  MTU of MDTunnel</td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"right">6.2.2.  MTU of MDTunnel</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno"></td><td class=3D"left"></td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right"></td><td class=3D"lineno"></td></tr>
      <tr bgcolor=3D"gray" ><td></td><th><a name=3D"part-l6" =
/><small>skipping to change at</small><em> page 24, line =
28</em></th><th> </th><th><a name=3D"part-r6" /><small>skipping to =
change at</small><em> page 24, line 26</em></th><td></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
      multicast as well.  Also it is anticipated that such tools =
are</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">         multicast as well.  Also =
it is anticipated that such tools are</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
      coordinated with the testing mechanisms mentioned in =
6.5.2.</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">         coordinated with the =
testing mechanisms mentioned in 6.5.2.</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
      In particular, a solution needs to correctly identify the =
area</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">         In particular, a =
solution needs to correctly identify the area</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
      inside a multicast group impacted by the failure.  A =
solution</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">         inside a multicast =
group impacted by the failure.  A solution</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
      SHOULD be able to diagnose if an entire multicast group =
is</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">         SHOULD be able to diagnose =
if an entire multicast group is</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
      faulty or if some specific destinations are still alive.</td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right">         faulty or if some specific =
destinations are still alive.</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left">6.6.  Security</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">6.6.  =
Security</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td><a name=3D"diff0009" /></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">6.6.1.  Security Threat Analysis</span></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert"></span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   In multicast VPLS, there is a concern that one or =
more customer nodes</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   (presumably untrusted) might cause multicast-related =
attacks to the</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   SP network.  There is a danger that it might =
compromise some</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   components which belong to the whole =
system.</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert"></span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   This subsection states possible security threats =
relevant to the</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   system and which are protected against and which are =
not.</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert"></span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   General security consideration about a base VPLS (as =
part of L2VPNs)</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   is referred to [RFC4665].  Following is the threat =
analysis list</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   which is inherent to multicast VPLS.</span></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert"></span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   (a)  Attack by huge amount of multicast control =
packets.</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      There is a threat that a CE joins too many =
multicast groups and</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      causes Denial of Service (DoS).  This is caused =
by sending a large</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      number of packets join/prune messages in short =
time and/or putting</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      a large variety of group addresses in join/prune =
messages.  This</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      attack will waste PE's control resources (e.g., =
CPU, memory) which</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      examine customer control messages (for solving =
issue A in section</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      3.2.) and it will not continue expected services =
for other trusted</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      customers.</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert"></span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   (b)  Attack by invalid/malformed multicast control =
packets.</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      There is a threat that a CE sends invalid or =
malformed control</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      packets that might corrupt PE, which will cause =
DoS attack.  In</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      particular, a CE might be spoofing legitimate =
source/group IP</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      multicast addresses in such control packets (in =
PIM, IGMP etc.)</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      and source/destination MAC addresses as Layer 2 =
frame.</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert"></span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   (c)  Attack by rapid state change of =
multicast.</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      If a malicious CE changes multicast state by =
sending control</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      packets in an extremely short period, this might =
affect PE's</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      control resources (e.g., CPU, memory) to follow =
such state</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      changes.  Besides, it might also affect PE/P's =
control resources</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      if MDTunnel inside the core is dynamically =
created in conjunction</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      with customer's multicast group.</span></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert"></span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   (d)  Attack by high volume of multicast/broadcast =
data traffic.</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      A malicious CE might send very high volume of =
multicast and/or</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      broadcast data to a PE.  If that PE does not =
provide any</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      safeguards, it will cause excessive replication =
in SP network and</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      the bandwidth resources for other trusted =
customers might be</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      exhausted.</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert"></span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   (e)  Attack by high volume of unknown destination =
unicast data</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      traffic.</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      A malicious CE can send a high volume of unknown =
unicast to a PE.</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      Generally according to VPLS architecture, that PE =
must flood such</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      unknown traffic to all correspond PEs in the same =
VPN.  A variety</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      of unknown destinations and huge amount of such =
frames might cause</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      excess traffic in SP network unless there is an =
appropriate</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      safeguard provided.</span></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert"></span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">6.6.2.  Security Requirements</span></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert"></span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   Based on the analysis in the previous subsection, =
the security</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   requirements from the SP's perspective are shown as =
follows.</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">                    =
                                                     </td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
A SP network MUST be invulnerable to malformed or maliciously</td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right">   A SP network MUST be invulnerable to =
malformed or maliciously</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
constructed customer traffic.  This applies to both multicast =
data</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   constructed customer traffic.  =
This applies to both multicast data</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
packets and multicast control packets.</td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"right">   packets and multicast control packets.</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
Moreover, because multicast, broadcast, and unknown-unicast need =
more</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   Moreover, because multicast, =
broadcast, and unknown-unicast need more</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
resources than unicast, a SP network MUST have safeguards =
against</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   resources than unicast, a =
SP network MUST have safeguards against</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
unwanted or malicious multicast traffic.  This applies to both</td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right">   unwanted or malicious multicast traffic.  =
This applies to both</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
multicast data packets and multicast control packets.</td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"right">   multicast data packets and multicast control =
packets.</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
Specifically, a multicast VPLS solution SHOULD have mechanisms =
to</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   Specifically, a multicast VPLS =
solution SHOULD have mechanisms to</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
protect a SP network from:</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   protect =
a SP network from:</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td><a name=3D"diff0010" /></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
  <span class=3D"delete">-</span>  invalid multicast MAC addresses <span =
class=3D"delete">(always)</span></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">   =
<span class=3D"insert">(1)</span>  invalid multicast MAC =
addresses</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"><span class=3D"delete">   -</span>  invalid multicast =
IP addresses <span class=3D"delete">(if they are used for =
forwarding)</span></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">   <span =
class=3D"insert">(2)</span>  invalid multicast IP addresses</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"><span class=3D"delete">   -</span>  malformed Ethernet =
multicast control protocol frames <span class=3D"delete">(if they =
are</span></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">   <span =
class=3D"insert">(3)</span>  malformed Ethernet multicast control =
protocol frames</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"><span class=3D"delete">      examined)</span></td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"rblock">   <span class=3D"insert">(4)</span>  =
malformed IP multicast control protocol packets</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"><span class=3D"delete">   -</span>  malformed IP =
multicast control protocol packets <span class=3D"delete">(if they =
are</span></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">   <span =
class=3D"insert">(5)</span>  high volumes of</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"><span class=3D"delete">      examined)</span></td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"rblock"></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"><span class=3D"delete">   -</span>  high volumes =
of</td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
   *  valid/invalid customer control packets</td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"right">      *  valid/invalid customer control packets</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
   *  valid/invalid customer data packets (broadcast/multicast/</td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right">      *  valid/invalid customer data packets =
(broadcast/multicast/</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
      unknown-unicast)</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">         =
unknown-unicast)</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td><a name=3D"diff0011" /></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
  <span class=3D"delete">The following</span> are a <span =
class=3D"delete">few additional guidelines.</span></td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"rblock">   <span class=3D"insert">Depending each solution's =
actual approach to tackle with issue A and</span></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   B or both (see section 3.2.), there</span> are <span =
class=3D"insert">relationships to be</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   highlighted about each item's importance listed =
above.  First off,</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   protection against (3) and (4) becomes significantly =
important if</span> a</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">   <span =
class=3D"insert">solution supports solving issue A, and PEs are =
processing customer's</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   Ethernet/IP multicast control messages from CE.  =
Moreover protection</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   against (2) should also be much focused because =
PIM/IGMP snooping</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   will usually require that PE's data forwarding be =
based on IP</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   addresses.  By contrast, however, if a solution is =
solving only issue</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   B, not A, then PEs might never process customer's =
multicast control</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   messages at all, and they do not perform IP =
address-based forwarding,</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   but does native Ethernet forwarding.  If so, there =
is relatively less</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   danger about (2)(3)(4) compared to the first =
case.</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td><a name=3D"diff0012" /></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
     <span class=3D"delete">A solution MAY allow some bounds on the =
quantity of state used by</span></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">   =
<span class=3D"insert">The following are</span> a <span =
class=3D"insert">few additional guidelines</span> in <span =
class=3D"insert">detail.</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
     a <span class=3D"delete">VPN to be imposed</span> in <span =
class=3D"delete">order to prevent state resource =
exhaustion</span></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"><span class=3D"delete">      (i.e., lack of memory, CPU =
etc.).</span></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td><a name=3D"diff0013" /></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
     <span class=3D"delete">Also</span> a solution <span =
class=3D"delete">MAY allow a policing mechanism</span> to <span =
class=3D"delete">limit</span> the</td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">    =
  <span class=3D"insert">For protecting against threat (a),</span> a =
solution <span class=3D"insert">SHOULD support</span> to</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
     <span class=3D"delete">unwanted data traffic shown above.  In this =
case, while policing</span></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">      =
<span class=3D"insert">impose some bounds on</span> the <span =
class=3D"insert">quantity</span> of <span class=3D"insert">state used by =
a VPN</span> to <span class=3D"insert">be</span></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"><span class=3D"delete">      MAY be configurable to the =
sum</span> of <span class=3D"delete">unicast, multicast, =
broadcast</span></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      imposed</span> in order to prevent <span =
class=3D"insert">state</span> resource exhaustion (i.e., lack</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"><span class=3D"delete">      and unknown unicast =
traffic, it MAY also be configurable to each</span></td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"rblock">      of <span class=3D"insert">memory, CPU etc.).  In =
this case, the bounds MUST be</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"><span class=3D"delete">      such type of traffic =
individually, or</span> to <span class=3D"delete">their =
combination</span> in</td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      configurable per VPN basis, not total</span> of =
<span class=3D"insert">various VPNs so that SP</span></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
     order to prevent <span class=3D"delete">physical</span> resource =
exhaustion (i.e., lack of</td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      can isolate the resorce waste that is caused by =
any malicious</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
     <span class=3D"delete">bandwidth and degradation</span> of <span =
class=3D"delete">throughput).</span></td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"rblock"><span class=3D"insert">      customer.</span></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td><a name=3D"diff0014" /></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
     Moreover, <span class=3D"delete">mechanisms</span> to limit =
frequent changes of group membership</td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"> =
     <span class=3D"insert">For protecting against threat (d) and (e), a =
solution SHOULD</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
     by <span class=3D"delete">customers MAY be supported.</span>  For =
example, if the <span class=3D"delete">core</span></td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"rblock"><span class=3D"insert">      support to perform traffic =
policing to limit the unwanted data</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"><span class=3D"delete">      distribution tunnel</span> =
is tightly coupled to dynamic changes of</td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"rblock"><span class=3D"insert">      traffic shown above.  In =
this case, while policing MAY be</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
     <span class=3D"delete">customer</span> multicast domain, <span =
class=3D"delete">a kind</span> of <span class=3D"delete">dampening =
function should</span> be</td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      configurable to the sum of unicast, multicast, =
broadcast and</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
     possible.</td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      unknown unicast traffic, it SHOULD also be =
configurable to each</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      such type of traffic individually in order to =
prevent physical</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      resource exhaustion (i.e., lack of bandwidth and =
degradation of</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      throughput).  If the policing limit is configured =
on total traffic</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      only, there will be a concern that one customer's =
huge multicast</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      might close other irrelevant unicast traffic.  If =
it can be</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      configured individually, this concern will be =
avoided.</span>  Moreover,</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">      <span =
class=3D"insert">such a policing mechanism MUST be configurable per VPN =
basis, not</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      total of various VPNs to isolate malicious =
customer's traffic from</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      others.</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert"></span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      For protecting against threat (c), a solution =
SHOULD be able</span> to</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">      limit =
frequent changes of group membership by <span =
class=3D"insert">customers.</span>  For</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">      example, =
<span class=3D"insert">PEs might support a dampening mechanism that =
throttles</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      their multicast state changes</span> if the <span =
class=3D"insert">customers are changing too</span></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      excessively.  Also if MDTunnel</span> is <span =
class=3D"insert">provided being</span> tightly coupled</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">      to dynamic =
changes of <span class=3D"insert">customer's</span> multicast domain, =
<span class=3D"insert">it is also</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      effective to delay building the tunnel when =
customer's state is</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      changed frequently.</span></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert"></span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      Protecting against threat (b) might not be an =
easy task.</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      Generally, checking the legitimacy</span> of =
<span class=3D"insert">customer's IP multicast</span></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      control packets will eventually require the =
authentication between</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      PE and CE in Layer 3; however, L2VPN (including =
VPLS) by its</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      nature does not usually assume Layer 3-based =
security mechanism</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      supported at PE-CE level.</span></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      The ramification of this fact is that there =
remains possibility</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      that a PE's control plain might</span> be <span =
class=3D"insert">badly affected by corrupted</span></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      multicast control packets that the PE is =
examining.  Hence each PE</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      implementation will need to make an effort to =
minimize this impact</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      from malicious customers and isolate it from =
other trusted</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      customers as much as</span> possible.</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">      <span =
class=3D"insert">Nevertheless, it is possible to mitigate this threat to =
some</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      degree.  For example, a PE MAY support a filter =
mechanism about IP</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      and MAC addresses in L2/L3 header and a filter =
mechanism about</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      source/group addresses in the multicast =
join/prune messages.  This</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      will help a PE to validate customers' control =
messages, to a</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">      certain extent.</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left">6.7.  Hierarchical VPLS support</td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"right">6.7.  Hierarchical VPLS support</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
A VPLS multicast solution SHOULD allow a hierarchical VPLS =
(H-VPLS)</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   A VPLS multicast solution =
SHOULD allow a hierarchical VPLS (H-VPLS)</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
[RFC4762] service model.  In other words, a solution is expected =
to</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   [RFC4762] service model.  In =
other words, a solution is expected to</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
operate seamlessly with existing hub and spoke PW connectivity.</td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right">   operate seamlessly with existing hub and =
spoke PW connectivity.</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
Note that it is also important to take into account the case of</td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right">   Note that it is also important to take into =
account the case of</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
redundant spoke connections between U-PEs and N-PEs.</td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"right">   redundant spoke connections between U-PEs and =
N-PEs.</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno"></td><td class=3D"left"></td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right"></td><td class=3D"lineno"></td></tr>
      <tr bgcolor=3D"gray" ><td></td><th><a name=3D"part-l7" =
/><small>skipping to change at</small><em> page 25, line =
45</em></th><th> </th><th><a name=3D"part-r7" /><small>skipping to =
change at</small><em> page 28, line 10</em></th><td></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
services to another SP.  One example here is a wholesale model =
where</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   services to another SP.  One =
example here is a wholesale model where</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
one VPLS interconnects other SPs' VPLS or 802.1D network =
islands.</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   one VPLS interconnects =
other SPs' VPLS or 802.1D network islands.</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
For customer SP, their multicast forwarding can be optimized by</td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right">   For customer SP, their multicast forwarding =
can be optimized by</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
making use of multicast VPLS in the wholesaler SP.</td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"right">   making use of multicast VPLS in the wholesaler =
SP.</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">7. =
 Security Considerations</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">7.  Security =
Considerations</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
Security concerns and requirements for a base VPLS solution are</td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right">   Security concerns and requirements for a =
base VPLS solution are</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
described in [RFC4665].</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   described =
in [RFC4665].</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td><a name=3D"diff0015" /></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
  In addition<span class=3D"delete">s</span>, there are security =
considerations specific to multicast</td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"> =
  In addition, there are security considerations specific to =
multicast</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
VPLS.  Thus a set of security issues have been identified that =
MUST</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   VPLS.  Thus a set of security =
issues have been identified that MUST</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
be addressed when considering the design and deployment of =
multicast</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   be addressed when =
considering the design and deployment of multicast</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
VPLS.  Such issues have been described in Section 5.5 and 6.6.</td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right">   VPLS.  Such issues have been described in =
Section 5.5 and 6.6.</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td><a name=3D"diff0016" /></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">   <span =
class=3D"insert">In particular, security requirements from the view of =
customers are</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   shown in Section 5.5.  Security requirements from =
the view of</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   providers are shown in Section 6.6.  Section 6.6.1 =
conducts security</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   threat analysis about the provider's whole system.  =
Section 6.6.2</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   explains how each threat can be addressed or =
mitigated.</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">                    =
                                                     </td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">8. =
 IANA Considerations</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">8.  IANA =
Considerations</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
This document has no actions for IANA.</td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"right">   This document has no actions for IANA.</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">9. =
 Acknowledgments</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">9.  =
Acknowledgments</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
The authors thank the contributors of [RFC4834] since the =
structure</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   The authors thank the =
contributors of [RFC4834] since the structure</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
and content of this document were, for some sections, largely</td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right">   and content of this document were, for some =
sections, largely</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
inspired by [RFC4834].</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   inspired by =
[RFC4834].</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno"></td><td class=3D"left"></td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right"></td><td class=3D"lineno"></td></tr>
      <tr bgcolor=3D"gray" ><td></td><th><a name=3D"part-l8" =
/><small>skipping to change at</small><em> page 27, line 7</em></th><th> =
</th><th><a name=3D"part-r8" /><small>skipping to change at</small><em> =
page 29, line 24</em></th><td></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
           Management Protocol (CGMP)",</td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"right">              Management Protocol (CGMP)",</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
           ftp://ftpeng.cisco.com/ipmulticast/specs/cgmp.txt , =
1996/</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">              =
ftp://ftpeng.cisco.com/ipmulticast/specs/cgmp.txt , 1996/</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
           1997.</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">              =
1997.</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
[I-D.ietf-mpls-ldp-p2mp]</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   =
[I-D.ietf-mpls-ldp-p2mp]</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
           Minei, I., "Label Distribution Protocol Extensions =
for</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">              Minei, I., "Label =
Distribution Protocol Extensions for</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
           Point-to-Multipoint and  Multipoint-to-Multipoint =
Label</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">              =
Point-to-Multipoint and  Multipoint-to-Multipoint Label</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
           Switched Paths", draft-ietf-mpls-ldp-p2mp-05 (work =
in</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">              Switched Paths", =
draft-ietf-mpls-ldp-p2mp-05 (work in</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
           progress), June 2008.</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">      =
        progress), June 2008.</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td><a name=3D"diff0017" /></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
  <span class=3D"delete">[I-D.ietf-mpls-rsvp-te-p2mp]</span></td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"rblock"></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"><span class=3D"delete">              Aggarwal, R., =
"Extensions to RSVP-TE for Point-to-</span></td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"rblock"></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"><span class=3D"delete">              Multipoint TE =
LSPs", draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-te-p2mp-07 (work</span></td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"rblock"></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"><span class=3D"delete">              in progress), =
January 2007.</span></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"><span class=3D"delete"></span></td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"rblock"></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"><span class=3D"delete">   =
[I-D.ietf-pim-bidir]</span></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"><span class=3D"delete">              Handley, M., =
"Bi-directional Protocol Independent</span></td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"rblock"></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"><span class=3D"delete">              Multicast =
(BIDIR-PIM)", draft-ietf-pim-bidir-09 (work in</span></td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"rblock"></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"><span class=3D"delete">              progress), =
February 2007.</span></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"lblock"> =
                                                                        =
</td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
[RFC1112]  Deering, S., "Host extensions for IP multicasting", STD =
5,</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   [RFC1112]  Deering, S., "Host =
extensions for IP multicasting", STD 5,</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
           RFC 1112, August 1989.</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">     =
         RFC 1112, August 1989.</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
[RFC2236]  Fenner, W., "Internet Group Management Protocol, =
Version</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   [RFC2236]  Fenner, W., =
"Internet Group Management Protocol, Version</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
           2", RFC 2236, November 1997.</td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"right">              2", RFC 2236, November 1997.</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
[RFC2475]  Blake, S., Black, D., Carlson, M., Davies, E., Wang, =
Z.,</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   [RFC2475]  Blake, S., Black, =
D., Carlson, M., Davies, E., Wang, Z.,</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
           and W. Weiss, "An Architecture for Differentiated</td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right">              and W. Weiss, "An Architecture =
for Differentiated</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
           Services", RFC 2475, December 1998.</td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"right">              Services", RFC 2475, December =
1998.</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno"></td><td class=3D"left"></td><td> =
</td><td class=3D"right"></td><td class=3D"lineno"></td></tr>
      <tr bgcolor=3D"gray" ><td></td><th><a name=3D"part-l9" =
/><small>skipping to change at</small><em> page 28, line =
28</em></th><th> </th><th><a name=3D"part-r9" /><small>skipping to =
change at</small><em> page 30, line 36</em></th><td></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
           RFC 4761, January 2007.</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">    =
          RFC 4761, January 2007.</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
[RFC4762]  Lasserre, M. and V. Kompella, "Virtual Private LAN =
Service</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   [RFC4762]  Lasserre, M. and =
V. Kompella, "Virtual Private LAN Service</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
           (VPLS) Using Label Distribution Protocol (LDP) =
Signaling",</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">              (VPLS) Using =
Label Distribution Protocol (LDP) Signaling",</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
           RFC 4762, January 2007.</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">    =
          RFC 4762, January 2007.</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
[RFC4834]  Morin, T., Ed., "Requirements for Multicast in Layer =
3</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   [RFC4834]  Morin, T., Ed., =
"Requirements for Multicast in Layer 3</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
           Provider-Provisioned Virtual Private Networks =
(PPVPNs)",</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">              =
Provider-Provisioned Virtual Private Networks (PPVPNs)",</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
           RFC 4834, April 2007.</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">      =
        RFC 4834, April 2007.</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td><a name=3D"diff0018" /></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">   <span =
class=3D"insert">[RFC4875]  Aggarwal, R., Papadimitriou, D., and S. =
Yasukawa,</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">              "Extensions to Resource Reservation =
Protocol - Traffic</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">              Engineering (RSVP-TE) for =
Point-to-Multipoint TE Label</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">              Switched Paths (LSPs)", RFC 4875, May =
2007.</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert"></span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">   [RFC5015]  Handley, M., Kouvelas, I., Speakman, T., =
and L. Vicisano,</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">              "Bidirectional Protocol Independent =
Multicast (BIDIR-</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock"><span =
class=3D"insert">              PIM)", RFC 5015, October =
2007.</span></td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"lblock"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"rblock">                    =
                                                     </td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left">Authors' Addresses</td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"right">Authors' Addresses</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
Yuji Kamite (editor)</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   Yuji Kamite =
(editor)</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
NTT Communications Corporation</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   NTT =
Communications Corporation</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
Tokyo Opera City Tower</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   Tokyo Opera =
City Tower</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
3-20-2 Nishi Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   =
3-20-2 Nishi Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku</td><td class=3D"lineno" =
valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
Tokyo  163-1421</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   Tokyo  =
163-1421</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
Japan</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   Japan</td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td =
class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td class=3D"right"></td><td =
class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>
      <tr><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td><td class=3D"left">   =
Email: y.kamite@ntt.com</td><td> </td><td class=3D"right">   Email: =
y.kamite@ntt.com</td><td class=3D"lineno" valign=3D"top"></td></tr>

     <tr><td></td><td class=3D"left"></td><td> </td><td =
class=3D"right"></td><td></td></tr>
     <tr bgcolor=3D"gray"><th colspan=3D"5" align=3D"center"><a =
name=3D"end">&nbsp;End of changes. 18 change blocks.&nbsp;</a></th></tr>
     <tr class=3D"stats"><td></td><th><i>54 lines changed or =
deleted</i></th><th><i> </i></th><th><i>165 lines changed or =
added</i></th><td></td></tr>
     <tr><td colspan=3D"5" align=3D"center" class=3D"small"><br/>This =
html diff was produced by rfcdiff 1.35. The latest version is available =
from <a href=3D"http://www.tools.ietf.org/tools/rfcdiff/" =
>http://tools.ietf.org/tools/rfcdiff/</a> </td></tr>
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Hi Fred,

Fred Baker wrote:

> On Nov 21, 2008, at 11:44 PM, Alexey Melnikov wrote:
>
>> I found the Security Consideration section to be insufficiently  
>> detailed
>> about threats. While the list of threats seems to be adequate,
>> it would be useful to have some pointers to documents describing  
>> possible
>> remedies (for example how to achieve adequately strong proof of  
>> identity),
>> or a clear statement that the protocol doesn't provide such facility.
>
> Would a reference to 4542 be sufficient?

It looks like a reference to section 2.4 of RFC 4542 would be helpful.

> My sense is that the threat model on a AAA service is likely to be  
> documented in something related to AAA services, and frankly you are  
> more likely to have a pointer to the document than I. Similarly, the  
> threat model regarding people getting capacity allocated to them that  
> shouldn't have been seems implicit in RFC 1633, the documentation of  
> RSVP, and the documentation of NSIS - protocols designed explicitly 
> to  prevent that from happening. There is of course a threat model 
> for  implementing such a protocol as well, which is mentioned in RFC 
> 4230.

I think a reference to RFC 4230 would be helpful as well.

> if I'm missing something and you want more, some idea of what kind of  
> threat model you are looking for would be helpful.

I was reading your Security Considerations:

   A major requirement of this service is effective use of a signaling
   protocol such as RSVP, with the capabilities to identify its user
   either as an individual or as a member of some corporate entity, and
   assert a policy such as "routine" or "priority".

   This capability, one has to believe, will be abused by script kiddies
   and others if the proof of identity is not adequately strong

My question after reading this part was "how one can make make proof of identity sufficiently strong?".
So some pointers helping a reader to find this information would be useful here.

   or if
   policies are written or implemented improperly by the carriers.  This
   goes without saying, but this section is here for it to be said...


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From secdir-bounces@ietf.org  Tue Nov 25 11:36:53 2008
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Cc: Harald Tveit Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no>
Subject: [secdir] secdir review of draft-housley-iesg-rfc3932bis-06
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I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's
ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the
IESG.  These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the
security area directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat
these comments just like any other last call comments.

This document appears to change ONLY the IRTF review process -- the
IESG long ago quit reviewing the substance of independent documents
from a security perspective.  Accordingly, the security considerations
is correct:

    The process change described in this memo has no direct bearing on
    the security of the Internet.

That said, I'm puzzled by the continued inclusion of "rejected
alternative bypass" as a reason to delay publication.  In section 4,
this document proposes that readers could be confused by the order of
publication of documents.  At the same time, this document is removing
the mandatory IESG note from independent submissions in favor of a new
header (defined in another doc, listed as a normative reference).  If
that header is sufficient to dispel confusion when it comes to the
substantive matters of "we haven't reviewed this", can't it also be
relied on to be adequate to avoid confusion arising from publication
order?  Accordingly, I suggest removing reason 3, as least so far as
"rejected alternative bypass" is concerned.

-- Sam

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From secdir-bounces@ietf.org  Tue Nov 25 11:47:37 2008
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Subject: [secdir] Assignments for December 2nd
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The NFS docs are on the telechat agenda next week (December 4th), and 
the IESG has scheduled another telechat for December 11th.  FWIW, 
we've been through nearly the whole rotation in November.

Brian Weis is next in the rotation.

Review instructions and related resources are at:
    http://tools.ietf.org/area/sec/trac/wiki/SecDirReview

-- Sam

For telechat next week (review by Tuesday, 2 December)

Derek Atkins                   T  draft-ietf-6man-reserved-iids-01
Lakshminath Dondeti            T  draft-ietf-monami6-multiplecoa-10
Marcus Leech                   T  draft-ietf-dnsext-forgery-resilience-09
Vidya Narayanan                T  draft-ietf-lemonade-imap-notify-07
Yaron Sheffer                  TR draft-ietf-mip4-dsmipv4-08
Susan Thomson                  T  draft-ietf-nfsv4-minorversion1-dot-x-09
Hannes Tschofenig              T  draft-ietf-nfsv4-pnfs-block-09
Nico Williams                  T  draft-ietf-nfsv4-minorversion1-26
Larry Zhu                      T  draft-arkko-arp-iana-rules-01

For later telechats:

Tobias Gondrom                 T  draft-ietf-pim-rpf-vector-06
Marcus Leech                   T  draft-housley-internet-draft-sig-file-06
Hilarie Orman                  T  draft-ietf-avt-rtp-g719-04

Last calls and special requests:

Rob Austein                       draft-ietf-dime-qos-parameters-07
Pat Cain                        R draft-ietf-ipdvb-sec-req-09
Pat Cain                          draft-ietf-geopriv-pdif-lo-profile-14
Ran Canetti                       draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-channel-bindings-05
Alan DeKok                        draft-ietf-mext-nemo-v4traversal-06
Shawn Emery                       draft-ietf-nfsv4-rfc1831bis-10
Stephen Farrell                   draft-ietf-ospf-lls-05
Phillip Hallam-Baker              draft-ietf-radext-design-05
Steve Hanna                     R draft-kucherawy-sender-auth-header-17
Steve Hanna                       draft-ietf-radext-management-authorization-06
David Harrington                  draft-ietf-sip-saml-05
Sam Hartman                       draft-ietf-smime-3850bis-08
Paul Hoffman                      draft-ietf-smime-3851bis-08
Love Hornquist-Astrand            draft-ietf-tcpm-rfc4138bis-04
Jeffrey Hutzelman                 draft-ietf-tcpm-tcp-uto-09
Scott Kelly                       draft-ietf-tsvwg-rsvp-proxy-approaches-06
Stephen Kent                      draft-ietf-tsvwg-rsvp-proxy-proto-07
Julien Laganier                   draft-ietf-softwire-mesh-framework-05
Julien Laganier                   draft-ietf-softwire-encaps-ipsec-01
Catherine Meadows                 draft-ietf-speechsc-mrcpv2-17
Catherine Meadows                 draft-ietf-l2tpext-tdm-06
Alexey Melnikov                   draft-ietf-pce-pcep-xro-06
Sandy Murphy                      draft-ietf-mpls-mpls-and-gmpls-security-framework-04
Sandy Murphy                      draft-ietf-roll-urban-routing-reqs-02
Vidya Narayanan                   draft-ietf-sip-saml-05
Magnus Nystrom                    draft-freed-sieve-ihave-03
Radia Perlman                     draft-ietf-mpls-cosfield-def-07
Eric Rescorla                     draft-wing-sipping-srtp-key-04
Eric Rescorla                     draft-ietf-dkim-ssp-07
Joe Salowey                       draft-ietf-mpls-te-scaling-analysis-03
Stefan Santesson                  draft-ietf-pkix-ecc-subpubkeyinfo-10
Juergen Schoenwaelder             draft-ietf-nfsv4-rpc-netid-03
Yaron Sheffer                     draft-ietf-sip-session-policy-framework-05
Susan Thomson                     draft-loreto-simple-im-srv-label-02
Hannes Tschofenig                 draft-ietf-trill-prob-05
Sean Turner                       draft-mammoliti-l2tp-accessline-avp-04
Carl Wallace                      draft-ietf-isis-hmac-sha-07
Carl Wallace                      draft-melnikov-imapext-filters-06
Sam Weiler                        draft-chown-v6ops-rogue-ra-02
Sam Weiler                        draft-raj-dhc-tftp-addr-option-04
Brian Weis                        draft-ietf-isis-wg-extlsp-04
Nico Williams                     draft-ietf-v6ops-ra-guard-01
Larry Zhu                         draft-thaler-v6ops-teredo-extensions-02
Glen Zorn                         draft-hoffman-dac-vbr-04
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I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's 
ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the 
IESG.  These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the 
security area directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat 
these comments just like any other last call comments.

I can find no fault with this document.

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Cc: dhc-chairs@tools.ietf.org, raj@cisco.com, ietf@ietf.org, iesg@ietf.org
Subject: [secdir] secdir review of draft-raj-dhc-tftp-addr-option-04
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I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's
ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the
IESG.  These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the
security area directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat
these comments just like any other last call comments.

Summary:

At the very least, I suggest mandating the use of DHCP Auth and 
removing the suggestion to use option 66 to enhance security.  And, in 
the absence of a more data about how widely used this option is, I 
suggest not publishing this document at all.

Details:

In 2004 RFC3942 defined a procedure for vendors to lay claim to DHCP 
option code points that, while previously set aside for 
"site-specific" options, had been used by vendors.  This document 
attempts to claim such a code point.

It's not clear why a distinct code point is needed here.  The document
claims that the "TFTP server name" option (#66) must contain a domain
name, but I'm pretty sure that real-world devices (e.g. the Cisco
7960) happily accept and use v4 address literals in option 66.
Furthermore, there appear to be other DHCP options that could do the
trick (e.g. #128, documented in the IANA registry as "TFTP Server IP
address (for IP Phone software load)").

The document's write-up says "it is believed that to some extent this
option is in use in some deployments of VoIP devices".  That's not a
very convincing argument that enough devices use this to justify
invoking the RFC3942 procedure, given that other devices are making do
just fine with existing fields.  Do these devices ALSO check option
#66, such that continued use of #150 is really unnecessary?  In the
four years since publication of RFC3942, have enough of these devices
been obsoleted (or updated to also use other DHCP option fields) that
this code point is no longer needed?

And if we do want to proceed with defining this option: shouldn't it
also allow for v6 addresses?  (The current doc only allows for v4.)

The security considerations section cites rogue DHCP servers as attack
vectors, but doesn't do enough to encourage the use of DHCP Auth.
Furthermore, it suggests using the "TFTP server name" option, on the
basis that a client must do a DNS lookup to use the contents, thereby
giving an tiny extra layer of assurance.  I'm pretty sure that
real-world devices happily accept v4 literals in option 66, making the
suggestion a poor one.

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Hi,

I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's
ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the
IESG.  These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the
security area directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat
these comments just like any other last call comments.

The draft [1] specifies a way to add new extension TLVs to/after OSPF
packets and includes a way to authenticate those.

I have a few things here that I think need attention, but they
can probably mostly be easily handled with additional clarifying
text. My comments are attached.

Stephen.

[1] http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-ospf-lls




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#1: Section 2.2 describes the use of the checksum field, but never says what to
do if the checksum is wrong. Is just the LLS block igored or the entire OSPF
message?

#2: Section 2.2 doesn't say whether the checksum bits (presumably zero'd?) are
considered part of the LLS block when calculating the checksum.

#3: I don't understand the reason for omitting the checksum if the
cryptographic authentication TLV is present. Since the spec doesn't say what to
put in the checksum field in that case, the absence of the checksum can't be
checked which'd lead the implementation to have to poke about looking for the
crypto. TLV before it knows what to do. That seems error prone. At the least,
more clarity as to the receiver actions is required.

#4: If the OSPF packet is not cryptographically authenticated, is it still ok
to include a cryptographic authentication TLV in the LLS? If so, what should I
do if the LLS crypto. fails to validate? Simplest might be to insist that
either both are protected or neither is, but I don't know if that matches the
requirements.

#5: Section 2.5 has no references and doesn't describe which algorithm is to be
used, now how keying is achieved. Questions arising include: a) rfc 2328
defines three types of authentication in appendix D, including Null
authentication - that one says to ignore the authentication field and use the
checksum, which seems to conflict with what this draft says (if crypto TLV
present, ignore checksum); b) similarly, the "simple password" method from 2328
also seems to require checking the checksum. (It might be as easy to just say
those two MUST NOT be used); c) I assume that the key lifecycle requirements
are the same as in 2328, appendix D.3 (if LLS is allowed to be authenticated
when the OSPFv2 packet is not, then this could be an issue). 

#6: Is it ok to use the same key & alg on the different inputs if the MD5 alg
from 2328 is re-used here with the same key and but different inputs? In that
case the OSPFv2 packet will contain MD5(OSPFv2-packet||key||pad||len) and the
LLS will contain MD5(LLS-data-block||key) where both the OSPFv2-packet and the
LLS-data-block contain the same sequence number. I don't have a specific
problem that I can call out with that but do wonder if its ok.  Ought it be
looked at by some cryptgrapher? (If a HMAC option is available then using that
would probably be better, or if a diiferent key, e.g. one derived from the key
protecting the OSPFv2-packet, were used for the LLS that might also be better.
But those would change the bits on the wire so might not be an option anymore?)

#7: Presumably it is not ok to include a cryptographic authentiation TLV in an
OSPFv3 packet? Might be worth a MUST NOT statement.

#8: If the crypto TLV is not the last TLV, then are the subsequent TLVs
included in the "LLS data block" input to the crypto processing? I think the
definition of the "LLS data block" as input to crypto processing needs to be
clearer - maybe take D.4.3 from 2328 as an example if the same MD5 alg is to be
used.

#9: If there are specific reasons why the crypto TLV might not be the last one,
that'd be worth noting.

#10: The cryptographic TLV doesn't (I think) protect the overall length of the
LLS (if I'm right in #8 above that TLVs following the crypto TLV are not
protected). In that case a single LLS mixes authenticated and unauthenticated
TLVs, which could allow an attacker to replace those that follow the crypto
TLV, or mess with the overall length or do other bad things. I think some
statement is required as to what a receiver MUST do in such cases, but I don't
know enough to suggest any text.  (Since the LLS can contain any extension, how
do we know its ok to mix authenticated and unauthenticated TLVs like that?)

Nits/Typos:

section 2.1 - "The L bit is only set in Hello and DD packets." Would that be
better as: "The L bit MUST NOT be set except in Hello and DD packets that
conain LLS." Might be more likely to be picked up by implementers?

section 2.3 - "...unique for each type of TLVs" s/TLVs/TLV/

section 2.3 - Seems odd to have a mixture of length fields that're sometimes in
32-bit words and sometimes in bytes but I assume its too late to change that
now.

section 4 - "...since OSPF router not..." s/router/routers/

section 5 - "...as OSPFv2 protocol..." s/OSPFv2/the OSPFv2/


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From secdir-bounces@ietf.org  Wed Nov 26 09:50:42 2008
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Date: Wed, 26 Nov 2008 10:14:54 -0500
To: Samuel Weiler <weiler@watson.org>,secdir@ietf.org,ietf@ietf.org
From: Russ Housley <housley@vigilsec.com>
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Subject: Re: [secdir] secdir review of draft-housley-iesg-rfc3932bis-06
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Sam:

>That said, I'm puzzled by the continued inclusion of "rejected
>alternative bypass" as a reason to delay publication.  In section 4,
>this document proposes that readers could be confused by the order of
>publication of documents.  At the same time, this document is removing
>the mandatory IESG note from independent submissions in favor of a new
>header (defined in another doc, listed as a normative reference).  If
>that header is sufficient to dispel confusion when it comes to the
>substantive matters of "we haven't reviewed this", can't it also be
>relied on to be adequate to avoid confusion arising from publication
>order?  Accordingly, I suggest removing reason 3, as least so far as
>"rejected alternative bypass" is concerned.

There are two scenarios to consider.  They are AD-sponsored 
informational RFC and independent submission informational RFC.

1. AD-sponsored informational RFC

Here the title page will indicate IETF Stream for both 
documents.  The publication of the rejected alternative prior to the 
standards-track document leaves a time period where people that are 
not watching carefully do not know that the standards-track 
alternative is in the works.  If one only watches the RFC series, it 
is unclear that the other document is coming, and the first one 
indicates that is a product of the IETF.

Today, the AD will hold the rejected alternative until the 
standards-track document is in the RFC Editor queue, and the 
informational document will be published with a note indicating that 
a standards-track alternative is available in RFC xxxx.

2. Independent submission informational RFC

Here the title page will indicate that the standards-track document 
is part of the IETF Stream and that the rejected alternative will 
indicate that the informational document is part of the Independent 
Submission Stream.  The publication of the rejected alternative prior 
to the standards-track document leaves a time period where people 
that are not watching carefully do not know that the standards-track 
alternative is in the works.  If one only watches the RFC series, it 
is unclear that the other document is coming, but no one should be 
confused that the informational document was the product of the IETF.

Today, the IESG asks the RFC Editor to hold the rejected alternative 
until the standards-track document is in the RFC Editor queue, and 
the informational document will be published with a note indicating 
that a standards-track alternative is available in RFC xxxx.  That is 
the point of the response you are questioning.

Russ 

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Subject: Re: [secdir] secdir review of draft-housley-iesg-rfc3932bis-06
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Sam,

I agree with Russ. I think the clearest possible result is the one
we achieved in the case appended below, but that required quite
some work in the absence of a well-defined procedure, even without
there being an independent submission to synchronize. I think the
draft makes such cases easier to get right.

    Brian

3246 An Expedited Forwarding PHB (Per-Hop Behavior). B. Davie, A.
     Charny, J.C.R. Bennet, K. Benson, J.Y. Le Boudec, W. Courtney, S.
     Davari, V. Firoiu, D. Stiliadis. March 2002. (Format: TXT=33896
     bytes) (Obsoletes RFC2598) (Status: PROPOSED STANDARD)

3247 Supplemental Information for the New Definition of the EF PHB
     (Expedited Forwarding Per-Hop Behavior). A. Charny, J. Bennet, K.
     Benson, J. Boudec, A. Chiu, W. Courtney, S. Davari, V. Firoiu, C.
     Kalmanek, K. Ramakrishnan. March 2002. (Format: TXT=53786 bytes)
     (Status: INFORMATIONAL)

3248 A Delay Bound alternative revision of RFC 2598. G. Armitage, B.
     Carpenter, A. Casati, J. Crowcroft, J. Halpern, B. Kumar, J.
     Schnizlein. March 2002. (Format: TXT=21597 bytes) (Status:
     INFORMATIONAL)

On 2008-11-27 04:14, Russ Housley wrote:
> Sam:
> 
>> That said, I'm puzzled by the continued inclusion of "rejected
>> alternative bypass" as a reason to delay publication.  In section 4,
>> this document proposes that readers could be confused by the order of
>> publication of documents.  At the same time, this document is removing
>> the mandatory IESG note from independent submissions in favor of a new
>> header (defined in another doc, listed as a normative reference).  If
>> that header is sufficient to dispel confusion when it comes to the
>> substantive matters of "we haven't reviewed this", can't it also be
>> relied on to be adequate to avoid confusion arising from publication
>> order?  Accordingly, I suggest removing reason 3, as least so far as
>> "rejected alternative bypass" is concerned.
> 
> There are two scenarios to consider.  They are AD-sponsored
> informational RFC and independent submission informational RFC.
> 
> 1. AD-sponsored informational RFC
> 
> Here the title page will indicate IETF Stream for both documents.  The
> publication of the rejected alternative prior to the standards-track
> document leaves a time period where people that are not watching
> carefully do not know that the standards-track alternative is in the
> works.  If one only watches the RFC series, it is unclear that the other
> document is coming, and the first one indicates that is a product of the
> IETF.
> 
> Today, the AD will hold the rejected alternative until the
> standards-track document is in the RFC Editor queue, and the
> informational document will be published with a note indicating that a
> standards-track alternative is available in RFC xxxx.
> 
> 2. Independent submission informational RFC
> 
> Here the title page will indicate that the standards-track document is
> part of the IETF Stream and that the rejected alternative will indicate
> that the informational document is part of the Independent Submission
> Stream.  The publication of the rejected alternative prior to the
> standards-track document leaves a time period where people that are not
> watching carefully do not know that the standards-track alternative is
> in the works.  If one only watches the RFC series, it is unclear that
> the other document is coming, but no one should be confused that the
> informational document was the product of the IETF.
> 
> Today, the IESG asks the RFC Editor to hold the rejected alternative
> until the standards-track document is in the RFC Editor queue, and the
> informational document will be published with a note indicating that a
> standards-track alternative is available in RFC xxxx.  That is the point
> of the response you are questioning.
> 
> Russ
> _______________________________________________
> Ietf mailing list
> Ietf@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ietf
> 
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From secdir-bounces@ietf.org  Wed Nov 26 20:29:48 2008
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Date: Wed, 26 Nov 2008 20:29:33 -0800
From: Radia Perlman <Radia.Perlman@sun.com>
To: iesg@ietf.org, secdir@ietf.org, loa@PI.nu, rajiva@cisco.com
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I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's 
ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the 
IESG.  These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the 
security area directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat 
these comments just like any other last call comments.

This document is proposing changing the name of a field in the MPLS header,
which used to be called "EXP" for "experimental", and they propose to
change it to "TC" for "traffic Class". This seems, as the security considerations
section states, to have no impact on security.

Radia

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From: Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de>
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I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's
ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the
IESG.  These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the
security area directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat
these comments just like any other last call comments.

The document defines IANA registries for two parameters used in the
RPC binding protocol (r_netid and r_addr) [RFC1833] and as such does
not have any impact on network security by itself. However, the
current text in the Security Considerations section

   See section 9 of [7].

(where [7] means RFC 5226) should in my view be improved / replaced
since the text referred to does not really apply. Here is a proposal
of some text that might be a starting point for more meaningful
security considerations text:

   Since this document is only concerned with the IANA management of
   the Network Identifier (netid) and Universal Network Addresses
   (uaddrs) format registry, it raises no new security issues.

While taking a look at RFC 1833, I learned that RFC 1833 does not
discuss security issues at all. Is there a document discussing
security issues of the RPC Binding protocol?  I could not find
one. Are there any plans to revise RFC 1833? It seems to me that a
decent discussion of the security aspects of the Binding protocol is
somewhat important to have somewhere. This is a general observation I
like to share but not specific to the document I have reviewed.

Editorial comment:

I found the introduction and some other parts of the document
difficult to read. Sentences like "Since the publication of [2], it
has been found to be necessary that protocols like [5] and [6] ..."
caused to me to flip pages several times. I suggest to be a bit more
verbose to make it easier for readers, e.g. "Since the publication of
the RPC Bind protocol [RFC1833], it has been found to be necessary
that protocols like NFS version 4 [RFC3530] and Remote Direct Memory
Access [ID-RDMA] ...

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>
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From secdir-bounces@ietf.org  Fri Nov 28 12:03:13 2008
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I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's 
ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the 
IESG.  These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the 
security area directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat 
these comments just like any other last call comments.

While this document itself does not have any security issues (it's
just creating a registry with IANA) it brings up some interesting
points.  First, what methods should IANA use to "authenticate and
authorize" entities to create or update changes to the registry?  But
more importantly, what's to stop a rogue system from declaring itself
to use one of the reserved addresses?  And what happens to the network
as a whole if a system does this?

-derek

-- 
       Derek Atkins                 617-623-3745
       derek@ihtfp.com             www.ihtfp.com
       Computer and Internet Security Consultant
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I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's 
ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the 
IESG.  These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the 
security area directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat 
these comments just like any other last call comments.

Document synopsis (snipped):

The MPEG-2 standard defined by ISO 13818-1 supports a range of 
   transmission methods for a range of services. This document 
   provides a threat analysis and derives the security requirements 
   when using the Transport Stream, TS, to support an Internet 
   network-layer using Unidirectional Lightweight Encapsulation 
   (ULE) defined in RFC4326.

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I reviewed this document previously and my comments were addressed. The
document looks okay to me from a security standpoint. 

Pat Cain

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