    ### Comments
    # TODO
    # BEGIN
    #    fg sfg sfh sft
    # END
    #
    # text in (parenthesis) is ok, (even
    # over several lines)
    # escaped \) and \( are ok
    # an unbalanced single ) is not ok
    # This is due to fish comment handling in command substitutions
    # which cannot reasonably handled by kate syntax highlighting

    ### Commands and paths
    ls -l |sort
    ls -1
    /usr/bin/ls -l /usr/local/test/ -xyz       # option as indicator of CommandArgs context
    ./bin/ls -l /usr/abc**/tes?/lkhlk	-xyz   # tabulator as separator
    ../bin/ls -l /usr/abc**/tes?/lkhlk
    ~/bin/ls -l ../usr/lo\ cal/test
    ~user/bin/ls -l /usr/{local,remote}}/test|cat  # show error
    /usr/bin/../lib/ls -l /usr/local/test.???|cat
    /usr/bin\ sdfg/ls -l /usr/local/test.*
    usr/bin/other -l ~user/local/test
    \ usr/bin/other -l ~user/local/test
    /usr/bin/lsother
    ../test/root/bin/fish -c "echo $t8"
    test/root/bin/fish -c "echo $t8"
    u?r/bin/ls
    usr/b?n/ls
    u*ls        # doesn't work, but ok
    "ls" /tmp/testtest                         # Quotes in commands are expanded
    /us"r/bin"/xy/ls
    abcd$a      # show error
    other) abc  # show error
    <other abc  # show error
    other> abc  # ok
    oth>er abc  # ok
    ot(her) abc # show error

    ls /ho"me/te"st'user'/abc$dir[3]/ab(echo cdefg)cd/xyz
    cat\ alog -abc
    ls path_not_detected
    ls * no_path
    ls *path_detected
    ls/
    ls;echo xy
    flex++

    #specials
    command -s ls
    builtin --names jobs
    exec bash
    exec $test
    set -e i[-1]
    set test1[-1..1] $test; echo $test1
    set test1[1..$n] $test; echo $test1
    set test1[$n..1] $test; echo $test1
    set test1[2..4 -2..-4] $test1[4..2 -4..-2]; echo $test1
    set page_url http://fishshell.com/docs/$version_string/$fish_help_page    # ???
    string split . example.com
    set b (string repeat -n 512 x)

    read -gi test    # ok
    read -gi $test
    read -gi "test"
    read -gi (echo test)

    set x (string split --max 1 --right / (status current-filename) #Comment test)
    set test (exec $cmd)

    # direct path
    test -d $tmpldir/resources

    ### Options
    cat -l /usr/local/test>logfile
    ls --longopt=/test
    ls -l"kasdflakjs" -r/usr/test -x../test/../bla -z~xyz/hello

    ### Arguments
    echo abc"def"ghi
    echo abc/def
    echo abc[de]
    echo abc(echo def)ghi
    echo abc{de,f}ghi

    # Path Detection
    cd abc*efghi  # fish assumes * is glob -> path
    cd abc?efghi
    cd ..
    cd .. #
    cd .
    cd . #
    cd ~
    cd ~abc/abc/*.txt
    cd ./abc
    cd ../abc
    cd \ abc/tmp\ .txt

    test .. abc

    ### Escapes
    touch a\?bc\[\]ax\~dsf\#gsd\af\(\)dg\?sd\ fg\bhh\%j\$k\\l\?sed\*jk\>hj\<hou\&h\;hgkj\^kj\"kjh\'jhg
    touch sdf\xa5lh\Xb7kll\157j\158hk\ua47bz\U123b5678fs\cxzdfga

    touch "a\?bc\[\]a"      # no escaping in Quotes
    touch fgh\y1            # \y is no escape sequence in fish, show it as normal text like fish itself

    ### Builtins
    . hallo
    source hallo
    eval ls . /tmp
    eval ls .../tmp
    eval $var
    eval abc
    eval {l,a}s  # lists ./as. colours not ok, but we cut here
    eval "echo bla"

    history merge

    true ;ls
    echo (true)
    echo (true #comment)
    echo (true>>xyz/abc)
    true -error     # show error
    pwd > abc

    command -s ls;cat test
    builtin -n;builtin echo

    complete -c myprog -s o -l output -a "yes no"
    builtin jobs

    math -s0 10.0 / 6.0

    #special keywords as directory names:
    /usr/function/testtest /usr/function/testtest
    /usr/for/testtest /usr/for/testtest
    /usr/begin/testtest /usr/begin/testtest
    /usr/switch/testtest /usr/switch/testtest
    /usr/if/testtest /usr/if/testtest
    /usr/while/testtest /usr/while/testtest
    /usr/command/testtest /usr/command/testtest
    /usr/builtin/testtest /usr/builtin/testtest
    /usr/eval/testtest /usr/eval/testtest
    /usr/exec/testtest /usr/exec/testtest
    /usr/set/testtest /usr/set/testtest
    /usr/test/testtest /usr/test/testtest

    ### test
    test NUM1 -eq NUM2
    test -f /tmp/abc -a -e /tmp/def;cat /tmp/abc;

    if test \( -f /foo -o -f /bar \) -a \( -f /baz -o -f /bat \)
        echo Success.
    end

    [ 25 -eq $NUM2 ]
    [ "abc" = "$STRING2" ]

    if [ ! \(STRING1 != STRING2\) ];ls;end
    if [ -f abc ]# show error
    end
    if [ -f abc ] # ok
    end

    if [ ! \(STRING1 != STRING2\) ] ls;end # show error
    if [ "abc" != "def" ] # hallo
       echo x;end

    ### Redirections
    ls < SOURCE_FILE         # stdin
    ls > DESTINATION         # stdout
    ls ^ DESTINATION         # stderr
    ls >> DESTINATION_FILE   # append
    ls ^^ DESTINATION_FILE   # append
    ls >? DESTINATION        # noclobber
    ls ^? DESTINATION

    ls ^? ~
    ls ^? ~testuser/abc
    ls ^?/DESTINATION
    ls ^?#DESTINATION       # show error

    ls > $abc[5]
    ls >"abc"/defg$v/xyz

    ls >&                   # show error
    ls > &1                 # show error
    ls abc>&25 xyz /tmp/xyz $abc
    ls /tmp/tst>&25?        # show error
    ls /tmp/tst>&25 ?       # ok
    ls 3>&- xyz
    ls 1<DESTINATION
    echo Hello > all_output.txt ^&1 xyz
    ls 2>&-;echo end
    ls xyz 2>|cat

    ls>x
    abs>x
    /bin/ls>x
    /bin/abs>x

    ### Quoting
    echo 'abcdefg'
    echo 'abc\'de\\fg'
    echo 'abc\defg'

    echo "1\"23\$45\\6"
    echo '1\"23\$45\\6'
    echo '
    hallo
    '
    echo "$i: '$$name[1][$i]'"

    ### Piping, Pipelines and background jobs
    ls -l /tmp/hello 1<DEST| sort
    comand_1;command_2
    comand_1 ;command_2
    ls;ls
    run_long_job & ls  # yes & is a command sequencing operator like | and ;
    cat foo.txt | head
    make fish 2>| less #show error

    ### Variable Expansion
    echo $PATH
    echo $PATH[1..3]
    echo $PATH[-1..3 5 9..15]
    echo $PATH[$n[2]]
    echo $test[1..$n]
    echo $test[$n..1]
    echo The plural of $WORD is "$WORD"s
    echo The plural of $WORD is {$WORD}s
    echo $$foo[$i]
    echo $test[(count $test)..1]
    echo $test[1..(count $test[3])]

     #show error
    echo $PATH[error
    echo $PATH[1..error]

    echo $PATH[1 2 34 ]
    echo $PATH[1.. 2]
    echo $PATH[1 ..2]

    ### Brace Expansion
    echo input.{c,12h,TXT}
    echo input.{abc$test[(count $test)..1],(echo $txt)}
    echo input.{a{b,c},12h,TXT}}  # show error

    ### Index range expansion
    echo (echo $a)[2..5]
    echo (echo $a)[2..5 1..3]
    echo (echo $a)[-1..1]

    ### Process expansion
    fg %ema               # ???

    ### Command substitution
    echo -n -s "$USER" @ "$__fish_prompt_hostname" ' ' (set_color $color_cwd) (/usr/bin/ls) (set_color normal)

    echo (#hallo)abc      # ok
    echo (ls #hallo)abc   # ok, die context-Tiefe ist anders
    echo (ls;#hallo)abc   #     als hier.
    echo (ls#hallo)abc    # ok: # may be inner part of function names!
    echo (/usr/bin/ls)
    echo (ls >>mem/abc)
    echo (echo $test[2])
    echo (/usr"/bi"n/ls /tmp)

    # multline command substitution
    set x (echo dirlist; # blabla
           ls)

    ## same, but commented out:

    # set x (echo dirlist; # blabla
    #        ls)

    set pi (math "scale=10; 4*a(1)")

    ### Continuation lines
    ls \
      /usr/bin

    test "STRING1"="STRING2" -a \
         "STRING3" = (echo "STRING4")

    echo input.{abc\
    ,12h,\
    TXT}

    echo (\
          ls)

    # no line continuation within single quotes
    echo 'abcdefg\
           s$dfg sdf'
    # but within double quotes
    echo "123456\
          78910"
    echo $PATH[1..3\
              ]
    ls /usr\
    local/bin
    echo foo\ bar
    echo foo\
    bar

    for i \
        in \
        a b c
        echo $i
    end

    # Bug?
    # Depending on weakDeliminators, either this works:
    cat\ alog -abc
    # or this:
    builtin\
     --names jobs
    builtin \
    --names jobs

    command \
       ls

    eval \
       ls . /tmp
    eval\
       ls .../tmp

    set \
      -e i[-1]
    set \
       test1[-1..1] \
       $test; \
       echo $test1

    read \
      -gi test

    # see https://github.com/fish-shell/fish-shell/pull/1987
    # this should work, but I found no way to implement it:
    echo before comment \
      # comment
      # comment2
      after comment # error: after should be just another argument
    from root

    echo "hello" | \
    #remove 'l'
    #and more
    tr -d 'l'

    ### Trouble
    make; and make install; or make clean              # ok
    printf '%s\t%s\n' flounder fish                    # ok
    diff (sort a.txt | psub) (sort b.txt | psub)
    source-highlight -f esc (cpp main.c | psub -s .c)

    while test -f foo.txt  # comment
      echo hallo
    end

    for i in {1,(ls),3}    # comment
      echo $i
    end

    # function
    function __hidden      # comment
      cd /
    end

    function ll \
      -d "multiline
      description"
        ls -l $argv
    end

    function ls --description="Description" -a a b c # comment
        command ls --color=auto $argv
        if test -f foo.txt
            echo foo.txt exists
        else if test -f bar.txt          # comment
            echo bar.txt exists
        else
            echo foo.txt and bar.txt do not exist
        end                              # comment
    end

    function test;echo hallo;end         # comment

    switch $animal   # comment
        case cat     # comment
            echo evil
        case wolf \
            dog
            echo mammal
        case '*'
            echo I have no idea what a $animal is
    end

    if test (count $argv) = 1
      echo $argv
    else
      echo "?"
    end

    if not test -f spoon   #comment
      echo There is no spoon
    else
      exit 1
    end

    for file in $cfgfiles
        if test -f $file
            string match -r '\[Dialer' < $file | string replace -r '\[Dialer (.+)\]' '$1'
        end
    end | sort -u | string match -v Defaults

    for i in *.c
        if grep smurf $i     # comment
            echo Smurfs are present in $i
            break
        end
    end

    if begin contains -- $argv --force   # ohne ; nach begin: geht
            or not status --is-interactive and not status --is-login
        end
        echo ""
    end

    begin                    # comment
      for i in *.tmp
          if grep smurf $i
              continue
          end
          rm $i
      end
    end

    if [ $status -eq 1 ]
    	set sta pass
    else
    	set sta fail
    end

    exec "$test"

    # Process Expansion
    # see fish issue 4230
    kill -STOP %self

    endcmd # is a command

    for inc in a # inc is a variable
    end

    switch d;case "*" ; case d;echo; end

    if ; else if ; else if ; if ; else ; end;else ; end