# STDDEV_POP function

STDDEV_POP is an aggregate function that evaluates the standard deviation of an expression over a population.

See Aggregates (set functions) for more information about these functions.

STDDEV_POP is allowed only on expressions that evaluate to numeric data types.

## Syntax

    STDDEV_POP ( expression )

The expression can contain multiple column references or expressions, but it cannot contain another aggregate or subquery. It must evaluate to a built-in numeric data type. If an expression evaluates to NULL, the aggregate skips that value.

The resulting data type is DOUBLE (it might overflow).

## Formula

Standard deviation is calculated as follows:

    sqrt( var_pop() )

## Example

    -- find the standard deviation in flight time per aircraft
    SELECT AIRCRAFT, STDDEV_POP( flying_time )
    FROM flights GROUP BY aircraft;

Parent topic: Built-in functions