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Cc: Paul Gleichauf <pgleicha@cisco.com>, saag@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [saag] Content rights management (was: Pasi's AD notes for
	September 2008)
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The term "data leakage" is often used to describe the management of  =

confidential information within and across Enterprises. Such systems  =

tend to be preventative in character rather than secure against  =

malicious behaviors.

The

On Sep 30, 2008, at Sep 30, 20082:52 PM, <Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com> wrote:

> Thomas,
>
> If I remember the history correctly, the IDRM and PERM BOFs were about
> DRM for copyright enforcement, or managing rights for entertainment
> content that is usually publicly available (to anyone who pays). As
> you point out, this is an area where several other organizations have
> also been active (not very successfully, some folks might say), and
> I don't think IETF work in this area would have much chances either.
>
> However, this BOF proposal is about managing rights for *confidential*
> information (inside an enterprise, or between cooperating  =

> enterprises);
> some folks are using the term "data-centric security" to mean  =

> something
> similar.
>
> This topic has received perhaps less attention (although e.g.  =

> Microsoft
> Office has related features), and there are some differences. For
> example, entertainment DRM often considers the user to be the  =

> adversary,
> but inside an enterprise, most users aren't actively trying to leak
> confidential information to competitors.  Also, entertainment DRM is
> usually "break once, run anywhere", so if it works only 50% of time,
> it's useless -- but preventing 50% of information leaks could be
> worthwhile.
>
> Even this kind of "rights management" is a somewhat controversial
> topic (especially if used outside enterprise scenarios), and  =

> personally,
> I have some doubts whether we at IETF have the right set of people
> (e.g., vendors, potential users, etc.) for this work (and it's not
> clear what "this work" even is). However, I think the topic is
> sufficiently different from entertainment DRM that it might succeed
> somewhere (even if it turns out IETF wasn't the right place).
>
> Unlike Paul (who replied to you already), I might even consider going
> to the bar BOF, if it happens and they have good beer :-) However,
> I want to clarify that the IETF is *not* proposing anything here --
> a bar BOF is just individuals chatting over drinks.
>
> Best regards,
> Pasi
>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: ext Thomas Hardjono [mailto:thardjono@yahoo.com]
>> Sent: 30 September, 2008 21:28
>> To: saag@ietf.org; secdir@mit.edu; Eronen Pasi (Nokia-NRC/Helsinki)
>> Cc: Mark Baugher; thardjono@yahoo.com
>> Subject: Re: [saag] Pasi's AD notes for September 2008
>>
>>
>>
>> Pasi, Tim,
>>
>> Apologies for asking, but I was wondering about the proposed
>> Content Rights Management (ie. DRM) BOF. More specifically, I
>> was wondering if the IETF is now open to discussing such a
>> "DRM standard".
>>
>> Back in 2001, Mark Baugher and myself went through two (2)
>> BOFs proposing the creation of an IETF open standards for a
>> DRM protocol.  If my memory serves me right the presiding ADs
>> was Steve Bellovin and Russ Housley. The specific protocol
>> was called PERM, and the slides can be found here:
>> http://hardjono.net/idrm/
>>
>> At that time the outcry against this effort was deafening. I
>> was arguing that it was better for the IETF to own such a
>> protocol and made it it "open" (ie. not proprietary and no
>> need to sign consortium legal paperwork). Since that time
>> there has been a plethora of DRM related products and
>> standards (eg. Apple, MSFT RM, OMA-download, CableLabs, 5C,
>> etc, etc). In a sense, the IETF missed the boat on this one.
>>
>> Not that I'm unsupportive, but I was wondering what is
>> motivating the IETF to propose such a BOF again at this time :)
>>
>> Thanks.
>>
>> Regards.
>>
>> /thomas/
>>
>> --- On Tue, 9/30/08, Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com
>> <Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com> wrote:
>>
>>> From: Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com <Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com>
>>> Subject: [saag] Pasi's AD notes for September 2008
>>> To: saag@ietf.org, secdir@mit.edu
>>> Date: Tuesday, September 30, 2008, 3:21 AM
>>> Hi all,
>>>
>>> Here's again a short status update about what things
>>> are going on
>>> from my point-of-view. If you notice anything that
>>> doesn't look
>>> right, let me know -- miscommunication and mix-ups do
>>> happen.
>>>
>>> Best regards,
>>> Pasi
>>>
>>> MISC NOTES
>>>
>>> - There have been two security-related BoF requests for
>>> IETF73:
>>>   OAuth (in the applications area), and Content Rights
>>> Management
>>>   (in the security area). For the latter, Tim and I have
>>> recommended
>>>   having a bar BoF first.
>>> - SecDir mailing list is in the process of being moved from
>>> mit.edu
>>>   to ietf.org servers.
>>> - I've spent some time this month on tools development
>>> and IESG
>>>   process improvements -- nothing is ready yet, but
>>> hopefully soon..
>>>
>>> WORKING GROUPS
>>>
>>> DKIM
>>> - draft-ietf-dkim-ssp: in Publication Requested, waiting
>>> for
>>>   me to read it.
>>> - Waiting for WG to send list of RFC errata IDs the WG
>>> agrees on.
>>>
>>> EMU
>>> - draft-ietf-emu-gpsk: in AD Evaluation -- waiting for
>>> revised
>>>   ID that reflects the new WG consensus on MAC length/key
>>> size
>>>   issue before going to IETF last call (since 2008-08-25)
>>> - A liaison statement reply was sent to ITU-T SG 17
>>> regarding X.1034,
>>>   "Guidelines on EAP-based authentication and key
>>> management in a
>>>   data communication network".
>>> - IESG appointed Joe Salowey as the designated expert for
>>> IANA
>>>   allocation of EAP Type Codes
>>> - (not WG item) draft-arkko-eap-aka-kdf =EDs now in IETF
>>> Last Call
>>>
>>> IPSECME
>>> - Lots of emails that I need to read (but haven't done
>>> so yet)
>>> - (not wearing AD hat) I sent my "things that need to
>>> be looked at"
>>>   list about IKEv2bis to the mailing list; I need to check
>>> that
>>>   they got entered in the issue tracker, too.
>>>
>>> ISMS
>>> - It seems the discussion has largely converged; I'm
>>> waiting for
>>>   revised IDs to read and review.
>>>
>>> KEYPROV
>>> - I sent more comments regarding PSKC; I need to read the
>>> replies
>>>   and participate in discussion.
>>> - I need to review and comment DSKPP, too.
>>>
>>> SASL
>>> - I replied to Frank Ellermann's appeal about WG
>>> chairs' handling
>>>   of draft-ietf-sasl-crammd5.
>>> - Waiting for charter update text from the chairs (>6
>>> months)
>>>
>>> SYSLOG
>>> - draft-ietf-syslog-transport-tls: a revised version
>>> addressing
>>>   Chris Newman's DISCUSS should be posted in a couple
>>> of days.
>>> - draft-ietf-syslog-sign: there has been a bunch of replies
>>> to my
>>>   AD evaluation comments that I need to read and process,
>>> but I
>>>   haven't done so yet.
>>>
>>> TLS
>>> - (not WG item) draft-rescorla-tls-suiteb is now in IETF
>>> Last Call.
>>> - (not WG item) draft-hajjeh-tls-identity-protection: IESG
>>> reviewed
>>>   this independent submission to the RFC Editor, and
>>> recommended
>>>   not publishing it.
>>>
>>> OTHER DOCUMENTS
>>>
>>> - draft-ietf-capwap-*: I've been working with Pat and
>>> others,
>>>   and I think we're done (except that agreed text needs
>>> to be
>>>   edited in, and some editorial nits fixed).
>>> - draft-ietf-avt-rtcpssm: no news; waiting for Joerg to
>>> explore
>>>   "feedback debug" messages.
>>> - draft-santesson-digestbind: I read this and sent comments
>>> to
>>>   Stefan.
>>> - PKCS #1/RFC 3447 update: waiting for James Randall to
>>> post an
>>>   update including the various errata.
>>> - draft-mattsson-srtp-store-and-forward: I've promised
>>> to read
>>>   this and send comments, but haven't done so yet.
>>> - draft-ietf-mpls-mpls-and-gmpls-security-framework:
>>> I've promised
>>>   to read this once there's a new version.
>>> - "Security roadmap for routing protocols":
>>> I've promised to read
>>>   and comment this once Gregory sends something.
>>>
>>> DISCUSSES (active -- something happened within last month)
>>>
>>> - draft-ietf-capwap-protocol-binding-ieee80211: text
>>> agreed,
>>>   waiting for authors to submit a revised ID [since
>>> 2008-09-26]
>>> - draft-ietf-lemonade-msgevent: waiting for authors to
>>> submit
>>>   a revised ID [since 2008-09-08]
>>> - draft-ietf-mip6-whyauthdataoption: waiting for authors to
>>> submit
>>>   a revised ID [since 2008-09-08]
>>> - draft-ietf-mipshop-mstp-solution: the authors have
>>> replied to
>>>   my comments; I need to read the replies [since
>>> 2008-09-26]
>>> - draft-ietf-nfsv4-rpcsec-gss-v2: waiting for authors to
>>>   reply to my comments [since 2008-09-25]
>>> - draft-ietf-sieve-refuse-reject: waiting for authors to
>>> reply
>>>   to my comments [since 2008-09-11]
>>> - draft-ietf-sipping-race-examples: waiting for document
>>> shepherd
>>>   or Jon to comment the "Updates" issue [since
>>> 2008-09-26]
>>> - draft-ietf-v6ops-addcon: the changes in version -10 were
>>> sent
>>>   to 6MAN WG for review; I'll clear once this has
>>> happened
>>>   [expected to happen on 2008-10-01]
>>> - draft-mraihi-inch-thraud: version -07 addressed almost
>>> all of
>>>   my comments; waiting for authors to send RFC Editor Note
>>> text
>>>   fixing the IANA issue, too [since 2008-09-02]
>>>
>>> DISCUSSES (stalled -- I haven't heard anything from the
>>> authors
>>> or document shepherd for over one month)
>>>
>>> - draft-cain-post-inch-phishingextns: waiting for authors
>>> to reply
>>>   to my comments or submit a revised ID [since 2008-08-28]
>>> - draft-cam-winget-eap-fast-provisioning: waiting for
>>> authors to
>>>   reply to my comments or submit a revised ID [since
>>> 2008-08-28]
>>> - draft-hautakorpi-sipping-uri-list-handling-refused: text
>>> agreed,
>>>   waiting for authors to submit a revised ID [since
>>> 2008-07-03]
>>> - draft-ietf-enum-experiences: talked briefly with Jon
>>> Peterson
>>>   in Dublin -- waiting to hear more from the authors and/or
>>> Jon
>>>   [since 2008-07-31]
>>> - draft-ietf-pce-pcep: new version -15 addressed some
>>> comments from
>>>   other ADs; some discussions about my comments has
>>> occured;
>>>   waiting for proposed text or revised ID [since
>>> 2008-06-16]
>>> - draft-ietf-pwe3-pw-atm-mib: waiting for authors to reply
>>> to
>>>   my comments or submit a revised ID [since 2008-07-02]
>>> - draft-zhou-emu-fast-gtc: changes probably agreed, waiting
>>> for authors
>>>   to submit a revised ID to see exact text [since
>>> 2008-08-28]
>>>
>>> DISCUSSES (presumed dead -- I haven't heard anything
>>> from the authors
>>> or document shepherd for over three months)
>>>
>>> - draft-ietf-bfd-base: waiting for authors to reply to my
>>>   comments or submit a revised ID [since 2008-06-05]
>>> - draft-ietf-bfd-multihop: waiting for authors to reply to
>>>   my comments or submit a revised ID [since 2008-06-05]
>>> - draft-ietf-bfd-v4v6-1hop: waiting for authors to reply to
>>>
>>>   my comments or submit a revised ID [since 2008-06-05]
>>> - draft-ietf-shim6-proto: waiting for Erik to propose
>>> something
>>>   to solve IPsec interaction issue [since 2008-06-18]
>>> - draft-ietf-simple-imdn: waiting for authors to reply to
>>> my
>>>   comments or submit a revised ID [since 2008-05-14]
>>> - draft-ietf-sipping-sbc-funcs: new version (-06) addressed
>>>   all comments except one; text agreed for the remaining
>>> one,
>>>   waiting for RFC editor note or revised ID [since
>>> 2008-06-17]
>>> - draft-ietf-tsvwg-emergency-rsvp: this document has large
>>>   number of discusses/abstains; waiting for Magnus to
>>> figure
>>>   out next steps [since 2008-06-03]
>>>
>>> --end--
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> saag mailing list
>>> saag@ietf.org
>>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/saag
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
> _______________________________________________
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> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/saag

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From saag-bounces@ietf.org  Fri Oct  3 00:14:46 2008
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From: Lars Eggert <lars.eggert@nokia.com>
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Cc: TSV Area <tsv-area@ietf.org>, saag@ietf.org
Subject: [saag] draft-stjohns-sipso-05 & transport protocols
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Hi,

we've decided to migrate the discussion of draft-stjohns-sipso and its  
intersection with transport protocols to the SEC and TSV area lists.  
The draft is at http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-stjohns-sipso:

	Common Architecture Label IPv6 Security Option (CALIPSO)

	This document describes an optional method for encoding
	explicit packet Sensitivity Labels on IPv6 packets. It is
	intended for use only within Multi-Level secure (MLS)
	networking environments that are both trusted and trustworthy.

For those of you who haven't followed the discussion so far on the  
main IETF list, Section 7.3 of this draft proposes that TCP and SCTP  
connections are now uniquely identified by a five-tuple consisting of  
source and destination IP addresses and ports as well as the  
sensitivity label. This is obviously a pretty significant  
architectural change that deserves discussion, especially since the  
deployment of this security label architecture is likely to be very  
limited.

Lars
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On  3 Oct 2008, at 03:15, Lars Eggert wrote:
> For those of you who haven't followed the discussion so far on the
> main IETF list, Section 7.3 of this draft proposes that TCP and SCTP
> connections are now uniquely identified by a five-tuple consisting of
> source and destination IP addresses and ports as well as the
> sensitivity label.

Hi,

There appear to be several points of confusion within Lars'
note.  Please let me try to clarify what the draft actually
says and doesn't say:

0) Background about MLS operating systems:
   I think a major point of confusion relates to multi-level
   secure (MLS) operating systems, which most IETF folks have
   never encountered and many have never even heard about.
   In an MLS operating system, the OS provides mandatory
   access controls that separate users and data according to
   a lattice.  Users have "clearances", while data have
   "sensitivity labels".   These labels primarily are two
   dimensional.  One traditionally thinks of a vertical axis
   consisting (bottom to top) as:  System Low, Unclassified,
   Secret, Most Secret, System High.  One traditionally
   thinks of a horizontal axis consisting of various compartments
   (e.g. NATO, UK, RU).  The OS ensures that users with lower
   clearances are not even aware of the existence of data
   outside their clearance.

1) No change is proposed to TCP in general:
   There is *no* proposal to change how TCP or SCTP connections
   are identified or implemented for any system that does NOT
   claim to implement this MLS label specification.

2) MLS operating systems have different requirements:
   In turn, this specification *only* applies to Multi-Level
   Secure (MLS) operating systems that choose to implement
   this particular IPv6 labelling specification.  The draft
   is very clear about this.

3) The MLS-specific proposal is accepted by long-term
    members of the Transport community:
    Please see Dave Borman's note to the IETF discuss
    list from yesterday.  Dave has about as much TCP
    experience as anyone.

4) Nothing new is being proposed for the transport layer:
   This shipped about 20 years ago.  So we have about 20
   years of operational experience that the description in
   this draft is correct for an MLS operating system.

   Circa 1992, MLS operating systems that implemented TCP
   in this way for IPv4 included at least:
	Digital Ultrix CMW
	IBM Trusted AIX
	SGI Trusted IRIX
	Sun CMW

   As of now, some of those folks have left the MLS OS
   business, but I believe existing MLS operating systems
   as of today that do this include at least:
	Trusted Linux (only if configured with an MLS policy)
	Sun Trusted Solaris

   I'm not as knowledgable about MULTICS as others here
   (e.g. Mike StJohns), but one imagines that MULTICS
   also had this approach within its TCP when MULTICS
   was deployed with an MLS policy enabled.

> This is obviously a pretty significant
> architectural change that deserves discussion,
> especially since the
> deployment of this security label architecture is likely to be very
> limited.


5)  This draft doesn't propose to change the transport
    architecture:

   The draft simply describes how existing MLS operating systems
   implement multi-level security requirements within the
   existing transport-layer architecture.  This is the same
   implementation approach that it has been used for about
   2 decades now.

6) This draft has has broad review from users who have MLS
    deployments and from implementers of MLS systems:

    The draft has existed for a couple of years now.  Comments
    on the draft from MLS-knowledgeable users have been received
    from many places on several continents.  Similarly, comments
    have been received from MLS-knowledgable implementers.
    Various changes have resulted from those comments and reviews.
    So within the MLS community there has already been significant
    review and consensus that this draft meets the needs for
    IPv6 deployments of MLS systems.

Yours,

Ran Atkinson
rja@extremenetworks.com


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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

Hi, all,

I've made several points on this matter on the original thread on the
main IETF list. I'll summarize a few below, in the context of Ran's
overview.

RJ Atkinson wrote:
> 
> On  3 Oct 2008, at 03:15, Lars Eggert wrote:
>> For those of you who haven't followed the discussion so far on the
>> main IETF list, Section 7.3 of this draft proposes that TCP and SCTP
>> connections are now uniquely identified by a five-tuple consisting of
>> source and destination IP addresses and ports as well as the
>> sensitivity label.
> 
> Hi,
> 
> There appear to be several points of confusion within Lars'
> note.  Please let me try to clarify what the draft actually
> says and doesn't say:
> 
> 0) Background about MLS operating systems:
>   I think a major point of confusion relates to multi-level
>   secure (MLS) operating systems, which most IETF folks have
>   never encountered and many have never even heard about.
>   In an MLS operating system, the OS provides mandatory
>   access controls that separate users and data according to
>   a lattice.  Users have "clearances", while data have
>   "sensitivity labels".   These labels primarily are two
>   dimensional.  One traditionally thinks of a vertical axis
>   consisting (bottom to top) as:  System Low, Unclassified,
>   Secret, Most Secret, System High.  One traditionally
>   thinks of a horizontal axis consisting of various compartments
>   (e.g. NATO, UK, RU).  The OS ensures that users with lower
>   clearances are not even aware of the existence of data
>   outside their clearance.

As noted in the draft, this is an update to the use of the IP security
option originally defined in RFC 791.

Interactions between that option and TCP were specified in RFC 793, and
this document changes that behavior very dramatically.

> 1) No change is proposed to TCP in general:
>   There is *no* proposal to change how TCP or SCTP connections
>   are identified or implemented for any system that does NOT
>   claim to implement this MLS label specification.

Granted that the IP security option is not *used* except on MLS
endpoints, but note that:

	- RFC 791 specifies that the IP security option must be
	implemented in all hosts and gateways; its _USE_ may
	be optional, but its *implementation* is not optional.

	- RFC 793 specifies current interaction with that
	option, and 1122 reinforces that interaction,
	which specifies behavior even when the option is
	not used in packets emitted by the host

There appears to be at least one change that might be required by all
Internet hosts; current behavior upon receipt of an IP packet at a
security level not supported is to send a TCP RST. This document
indicates that such hosts MUST silently drop such packets.

> 2) MLS operating systems have different requirements:
>   In turn, this specification *only* applies to Multi-Level
>   Secure (MLS) operating systems that choose to implement
>   this particular IPv6 labelling specification.  The draft
>   is very clear about this.

The draft does not appear to indicate how an MLS system would interact
with legacy systems that are not updated.

> 3) The MLS-specific proposal is accepted by long-term
>    members of the Transport community:
>    Please see Dave Borman's note to the IETF discuss
>    list from yesterday.  Dave has about as much TCP
>    experience as anyone.

I consider it very incomplete with regard to the impact of the changes
proposed on the architecture of MLS endpoints.

> 4) Nothing new is being proposed for the transport layer:
>   This shipped about 20 years ago.  So we have about 20
>   years of operational experience that the description in
>   this draft is correct for an MLS operating system.

I'm presuming that implementations prior to this update implemented the
IP option handling in RFC 793 and 1122. This document changes that quite
a bit.

...
> 5)  This draft doesn't propose to change the transport
>    architecture:

Section 7.3.1 requires that the transport architecture for MLS
endsystems uses a 5-tuple to identify TCP endpoints. That has
implications across the network architecture supported by MLS endsystems.

> 6) This draft has has broad review from users who have MLS
>    deployments and from implementers of MLS systems:

- ----

Overall, my concerns are that:

1. this document needs to address interactions with non-MLS updated
endpoints, and whether that needs to change

2. this document needs to explicitly indicate that it overrides RFCs
791, 793, and 1122 in allowing the implementation of changes to be
optional for hosts not *using* MLS

3. this document needs a much more extensive treatment of how it changes
the Internet architecture for MLS-updated hosts and gateways

I remain concerned that this last item is complex, and certainly
incomplete at this point.

Joe
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On  3 Oct 2008, at 09:58, Joe Touch wrote:
> As noted in the draft, this is an update to the use of the IP security
> option originally defined in RFC 791.

More precisely, this is an IPv6 analogue to RFC-1038, RFC-1108
and CIPSO defined in FIPS-188, each of which caused that part
of RFC-791 to be deprecated.

Existing MLS operating systems generally support both
RFC-1108 and FIPS-188 for IPv4.  The goal of this draft
is to enable IPv6 to be supported in addition to IPv4
in an interoperable and openly-specified manner.

>> 1) No change is proposed to TCP in general:
>>  There is *no* proposal to change how TCP or SCTP connections
>>  are identified or implemented for any system that does NOT
>>  claim to implement this MLS label specification.
>
> Granted that the IP security option is not *used* except on MLS
> endpoints, but note that:
>
>        - RFC 791 specifies that the IP security option must be
>        implemented in all hosts and gateways; its _USE_ may
>        be optional, but its *implementation* is not optional.

To the extent that is true, that part of RFC-791 has been
ignored for more than 20 years by both host implementers
and router implementers.

So far as I am aware, no deployed IP implementation has ever
supported the RFC-791 security option.  (There might have
been some support in the early BBN routers or in MULTICS;
I'm not sure about details of either of those).

In the 1980s, RFC-1038 was created to support a specialised
security gateway called "BLACKER" because the RFC-791 definition
was not suitable.  (I believe all of the BLACKER systems have been
out-of-service for many many years now.)  Publishing RFC-1038
deprecated RFC-791's security option.

The only IP router that has had IP security option support
since about 1991 is Cisco IOS, which supports only RFC-1108
and (I am told and so far as I recall from looking at the
source code when I worked there) did not ever support the
RFC-791 definition of the security option.

On the host side, I am not aware of any non-MLS host that
ever had support for the RFC-791, RFC-1038, or RFC-1108
security options.

> There appears to be at least one change that might be required by all
> Internet hosts; current behavior upon receipt of an IP packet at a
> security level not supported is to send a TCP RST. This document
> indicates that such hosts MUST silently drop such packets.

*Nothing in the draft applies "to all Internet hosts".*

The draft is clear that nothing in the draft applies to any
system that does not claim to implement that specific draft.

I can repeat that scope comment in the document more times
if that helps, but it does already clearly say that in the
draft.

> The draft does not appear to indicate how an MLS system would interact
> with legacy systems that are not updated.

No changes to legacy systems are needed.

>> 3) The MLS-specific proposal is accepted by long-term
>>   members of the Transport community:
>>   Please see Dave Borman's note to the IETF discuss
>>   list from yesterday.  Dave has about as much TCP
>>   experience as anyone.
>
> I consider it very incomplete with regard to the impact of the changes
> proposed on the architecture of MLS endpoints.
>
>> 4) Nothing new is being proposed for the transport layer:
>>  This shipped about 20 years ago.  So we have about 20
>>  years of operational experience that the description in
>>  this draft is correct for an MLS operating system.
>
> I'm presuming that implementations prior to this update implemented  
> the IP option handling in RFC 793 and 1122.  This document changes  
> that quite a bit.

Those existing MLS implementations were the basis for the
current text in this document.  They did not follow either
RFC-793 or RFC-1122 in this narrow respect, to the best
of my knowledge.  (I have specific knowledge of kernel
internals for some, but not all, of the CMW products that
existed in the early 1990s.)

More broadly, (single-level OS) TCP and IP implementations
that are deployed today do not follow RFC-791, RFC-793, or
RFC-1122 in each and every detail.  For openers, I don't think
any implementations of the RFC-791 security option exist.

ASIDE:
   One of the reasons that the IETF hasn't produced either a
router requirements or a host requirements document for many
years is that the last attempts in those areas did not have
much impact, either on what implementers shipped or on what
operators deployed.

>> 5)  This draft doesn't propose to change the transport
>>   architecture:
>
> Section 7.3.1 requires that the transport architecture for MLS
> endsystems uses a 5-tuple to identify TCP endpoints. That has
> implications across the network architecture supported by MLS  
> endsystems.

The architecture is unchanged.  MLS TCP implementations do vary
somewhat, as Dave Borman already noted on the IETF discuss
mailing list.

When one has an MLS system, conceptually one has many concurrent
logically separate TCP implementations (one per sensitivity level).
This draft simply describes how one maps the existing (unchanged)
architecture onto an MLS OS implementation.

> 1. this document needs to address interactions with non-MLS updated
> endpoints, and whether that needs to change

I am happy to repeat in the draft that non-MLS systems
do not need to change.

> 2. this document needs to explicitly indicate that it overrides RFCs
> 791, 793, and 1122 in allowing the implementation of changes to be
> optional for hosts not *using* MLS

I can't parse that sentence, so I'm a bit confused.

I'm happy to edit the document text to repeat the note that
nothing in the document applies to any system that does not
claim to implement the document -- if that is what you are
asking for.

> 3. this document needs a much more extensive treatment of how it  
> changes
> the Internet architecture for MLS-updated hosts and gateways

This draft is not a specification for building an MLS operating
system, nor should it be.  Some relevant references on MLS
operating systems are included in the draft for those who
want to learn more about MLS operating systems.

Again, the Internet Architecture does not change.

What does change are some implementation details within an
MLS operating system (as compared with a traditional and
much more common single-level OS).

Yours,

Ran
rja@extremenetworks.com



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On Fri, 2008-10-03 at 06:58 -0700, Joe Touch wrote:

> There appears to be at least one change that might be required by all
> Internet hosts; current behavior upon receipt of an IP packet at a
> security level not supported is to send a TCP RST. This document
> indicates that such hosts MUST silently drop such packets.

In a securely-configured MLS environment, systems not running an MLS
operating system will never receive a packet with an MLS label -- if
they did, that inherently means that an MLS system somewhere is
misconfigured and information is flowing in violation of the MLS policy.

It is IMHO not necessary to specify what a label-unaware system should
do with a labeled packet -- if they get one at all, it's a serious error
on the part of the sender.

> > 2) MLS operating systems have different requirements:
> >   In turn, this specification *only* applies to Multi-Level
> >   Secure (MLS) operating systems that choose to implement
> >   this particular IPv6 labelling specification.  The draft
> >   is very clear about this.
> 
> The draft does not appear to indicate how an MLS system would interact
> with legacy systems that are not updated.

are you asking about labeled or unlabeled interoperability?

the MLS systems I'm familiar with are configured with policy indicating
the clearances of other hosts.  That policy can indicate whether or not
packets to the other system should contain an explicit MLS label. 

non-MLS systems will typically never see a label.

> > 3) The MLS-specific proposal is accepted by long-term
> >    members of the Transport community:
> >    Please see Dave Borman's note to the IETF discuss
> >    list from yesterday.  Dave has about as much TCP
> >    experience as anyone.
> 
> I consider it very incomplete with regard to the impact of the changes
> proposed on the architecture of MLS endpoints.

I have a modest amount of MLS implementation experience.  I believe the
spec is complete enough to publish in its current form.

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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

Hi, Ran,

Thanks for the context below. Additional notes are interspersed.

RJ Atkinson wrote:
> 
> On  3 Oct 2008, at 09:58, Joe Touch wrote:
...
>>> 1) No change is proposed to TCP in general:
>>>  There is *no* proposal to change how TCP or SCTP connections
>>>  are identified or implemented for any system that does NOT
>>>  claim to implement this MLS label specification.
>>
>> Granted that the IP security option is not *used* except on MLS
>> endpoints, but note that:
>>
>>        - RFC 791 specifies that the IP security option must be
>>        implemented in all hosts and gateways; its _USE_ may
>>        be optional, but its *implementation* is not optional.
> 
> To the extent that is true, that part of RFC-791 has been
> ignored for more than 20 years by both host implementers
> and router implementers.
> 
> So far as I am aware, no deployed IP implementation has ever
> supported the RFC-791 security option.  (There might have
> been some support in the early BBN routers or in MULTICS;
> I'm not sure about details of either of those).
>
> In the 1980s, RFC-1038 was created to support a specialised
> security gateway called "BLACKER" because the RFC-791 definition
> was not suitable.  (I believe all of the BLACKER systems have been
> out-of-service for many many years now.)  Publishing RFC-1038
> deprecated RFC-791's security option.
> 
> The only IP router that has had IP security option support
> since about 1991 is Cisco IOS, which supports only RFC-1108
> and (I am told and so far as I recall from looking at the
> source code when I worked there) did not ever support the
> RFC-791 definition of the security option.
> 
> On the host side, I am not aware of any non-MLS host that
> ever had support for the RFC-791, RFC-1038, or RFC-1108
> security options.

It would be useful to understand "support". I would not expect most
deployed implementations to emit packets with that option, but I would
expect deployed implementations to check that option if it was received,
and match it as specified in RFC 793.

>> There appears to be at least one change that might be required by all
>> Internet hosts; current behavior upon receipt of an IP packet at a
>> security level not supported is to send a TCP RST. This document
>> indicates that such hosts MUST silently drop such packets.
> 
> *Nothing in the draft applies "to all Internet hosts".*
> 
> The draft is clear that nothing in the draft applies to any
> system that does not claim to implement that specific draft.
> 
> I can repeat that scope comment in the document more times
> if that helps, but it does already clearly say that in the
> draft.

I expected to find that kind of phrase in any one of the following
locations, and did not (can you point it out if I missed it?):

	*- the abstract
	*- the intro
	*- intent and applicability
	*- definition of an endsystem
	*- definition of an intermediate system
	- architecture
	*- defaults
	- format

I didn't expect to see it in all locations, but certainly those with a *
above. AFAICT, the assertion is made only in sections 6.2 (end system
processing), and 6.3 (intermediate system processing), which is
insufficient IMO.

>> The draft does not appear to indicate how an MLS system would interact
>> with legacy systems that are not updated.
> 
> No changes to legacy systems are needed.

It would be useful to note that in the *'d places above where the
limitations of the deployment would be stated.

>>> 3) The MLS-specific proposal is accepted by long-term
>>>   members of the Transport community:
>>>   Please see Dave Borman's note to the IETF discuss
>>>   list from yesterday.  Dave has about as much TCP
>>>   experience as anyone.
>>
>> I consider it very incomplete with regard to the impact of the changes
>> proposed on the architecture of MLS endpoints.
>>
>>> 4) Nothing new is being proposed for the transport layer:
>>>  This shipped about 20 years ago.  So we have about 20
>>>  years of operational experience that the description in
>>>  this draft is correct for an MLS operating system.
>>
>> I'm presuming that implementations prior to this update implemented
>> the IP option handling in RFC 793 and 1122.  This document changes
>> that quite a bit.
> 
> Those existing MLS implementations were the basis for the
> current text in this document.  They did not follow either
> RFC-793 or RFC-1122 in this narrow respect, to the best
> of my knowledge.  (I have specific knowledge of kernel
> internals for some, but not all, of the CMW products that
> existed in the early 1990s.)
> 
> More broadly, (single-level OS) TCP and IP implementations
> that are deployed today do not follow RFC-791, RFC-793, or
> RFC-1122 in each and every detail.  For openers, I don't think
> any implementations of the RFC-791 security option exist.

Agreed, but that doesn't mean these issues don't need to be addressed.

> ASIDE:
>   One of the reasons that the IETF hasn't produced either a
> router requirements or a host requirements document for many
> years is that the last attempts in those areas did not have
> much impact, either on what implementers shipped or on what
> operators deployed.

I'm not sure I agree with that. If that's the case, then why bother with
this document? I.e., if we're admitting that the Internet ignores the
IETF, we can spend more time golfing ;-)

>>> 5)  This draft doesn't propose to change the transport
>>>   architecture:
>>
>> Section 7.3.1 requires that the transport architecture for MLS
>> endsystems uses a 5-tuple to identify TCP endpoints. That has
>> implications across the network architecture supported by MLS endsystems.
> 
> The architecture is unchanged.

I disagree - changing the endpoint IDs is a large change to the
architecture - even if scoped to affect only MLS systems, and this needs
to be addressed.

> MLS TCP implementations do vary
> somewhat, as Dave Borman already noted on the IETF discuss
> mailing list.
> 
> When one has an MLS system, conceptually one has many concurrent
> logically separate TCP implementations (one per sensitivity level).
> This draft simply describes how one maps the existing (unchanged)
> architecture onto an MLS OS implementation.
> 
>> 1. this document needs to address interactions with non-MLS updated
>> endpoints, and whether that needs to change
> 
> I am happy to repeat in the draft that non-MLS systems
> do not need to change.
> 
>> 2. this document needs to explicitly indicate that it overrides RFCs
>> 791, 793, and 1122 in allowing the implementation of changes to be
>> optional for hosts not *using* MLS
> 
> I can't parse that sentence, so I'm a bit confused.
> 
> I'm happy to edit the document text to repeat the note that
> nothing in the document applies to any system that does not
> claim to implement the document -- if that is what you are
> asking for.

I'm asking that the document explain how MLS systems' view of 793 and
1122 rules for TCP change as well. Others pointed out the potential need
to "update" 793 regarding TCP changes; IMO this is needed for other
network architecture docs as well.

>> 3. this document needs a much more extensive treatment of how it changes
>> the Internet architecture for MLS-updated hosts and gateways
> 
> This draft is not a specification for building an MLS operating
> system, nor should it be.  Some relevant references on MLS
> operating systems are included in the draft for those who
> want to learn more about MLS operating systems.

Agreed.

> Again, the Internet Architecture does not change.

I disagree; for MLS nodes, there are implications to ICMP processing at
least, and perhaps routing, that are not addressed. These are
architectural changes.

Joe
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Bill Sommerfeld wrote:
> On Fri, 2008-10-03 at 06:58 -0700, Joe Touch wrote:
> 
>> There appears to be at least one change that might be required by all
>> Internet hosts; current behavior upon receipt of an IP packet at a
>> security level not supported is to send a TCP RST. This document
>> indicates that such hosts MUST silently drop such packets.
> 
> In a securely-configured MLS environment, systems not running an MLS
> operating system will never receive a packet with an MLS label -- if
> they did, that inherently means that an MLS system somewhere is
> misconfigured and information is flowing in violation of the MLS policy.
> 
> It is IMHO not necessary to specify what a label-unaware system should
> do with a labeled packet -- if they get one at all, it's a serious error
> on the part of the sender.

Serious errors occur all the time. The expected behavior of the MLS in
interacting with a non-MLS endpoint should be explained *when* that happens.

>>> 2) MLS operating systems have different requirements:
>>>   In turn, this specification *only* applies to Multi-Level
>>>   Secure (MLS) operating systems that choose to implement
>>>   this particular IPv6 labelling specification.  The draft
>>>   is very clear about this.
>> The draft does not appear to indicate how an MLS system would interact
>> with legacy systems that are not updated.
> 
> are you asking about labeled or unlabeled interoperability?

Both, since you brought it up, but I was originally thinking of unlabeled.

> the MLS systems I'm familiar with are configured with policy indicating
> the clearances of other hosts.  That policy can indicate whether or not
> packets to the other system should contain an explicit MLS label. 
> 
> non-MLS systems will typically never see a label.

Agreed, but (as above), this still needs to be explicit in this doc IMO.

Joe
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Bill Sommerfeld wrote:
> On Fri, 2008-10-03 at 06:58 -0700, Joe Touch wrote:
...
>> I consider it very incomplete with regard to the impact of the changes
>> proposed on the architecture of MLS endpoints.
> 
> I have a modest amount of MLS implementation experience.  I believe the
> spec is complete enough to publish in its current form.

If you follow the implications of " With respect to a given network,
each distinct Sensitivity Label represents a separate virtual network
which shares the same physical network.", and the way it impacts TCP,
can you explain how the current draft indicates how to similarly
virtualize any of the following?

- - ICMP handling
- - forwarding
- - routing
- - IPv6 neighbor discovery
- - IGMP
- - PIM
- - IPsec
- - IPIP tunnels
- - firewalls

All of these things use IP addresses as unique identifiers, and all are
affected by extending that space to use the pair [address, security
level] instead.

Even if these changes are limited to MLS endpoints, they either need to
be addressed, or the discussion of how MLS extends the endpoint needs to
be revised to avoid the idea that this virtualizes the network. If the
virtualization is limited to certain transport protocol connections,
then that should be stated explicitly (and only).

Joe
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On Fri, 03 Oct 2008 07:32:44 -0700
Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com> wrote:

> In a securely-configured MLS environment, systems not running an MLS
> operating system will never receive a packet with an MLS label -- if
> they did, that inherently means that an MLS system somewhere is
> misconfigured and information is flowing in violation of the MLS
> policy.
> 
> It is IMHO not necessary to specify what a label-unaware system should
> do with a labeled packet -- if they get one at all, it's a serious
> error on the part of the sender.
> 
Actually, 793 disagrees:

  The security paramaters may be used even in a non-secure environment  
  (the values would indicate unclassified data), thus hosts in
  non-secure environments must be prepared to receive the security
  parameters, though they need not send them.

The question is how realistic that statement is.


		--Steve Bellovin, http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~smb
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On Fri, 03 Oct 2008 08:30:01 -0700
Joe Touch <touch@ISI.EDU> wrote:

> If you follow the implications of " With respect to a given network,
> each distinct Sensitivity Label represents a separate virtual network
> which shares the same physical network.", and the way it impacts TCP,
> can you explain how the current draft indicates how to similarly
> virtualize any of the following?
> 
> - - ICMP handling
> - - forwarding
> - - routing
> - - IPv6 neighbor discovery
> - - IGMP
> - - PIM
> - - IPsec
> - - IPIP tunnels
> - - firewalls
> 
> All of these things use IP addresses as unique identifiers, and all
> are affected by extending that space to use the pair [address,
> security level] instead.
> 
Without trying to answer in detail, the basic rule is simple: no data
with a given security label should ever be sent to or through an entity
with a different label.  Routers and links are typically multi-label,
so they can accept data within a range of levels.  A process will
always be single-level, so it can only accept data -- TCP, ICMP
replies, etc. -- at exactly the same level.  There are exceptions --
IPsec boxes would (in that environment) be trusted to downgrade
information, i.e., accept sensitive data, encrypt it, and send out the
ciphertext packets with a different label.  IGMP poses a fascinating
problem; I don't know that anyone has ever worked out the implications
of doing that in an MLS environment.


		--Steve Bellovin, http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~smb
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Hash: SHA1



Steven M. Bellovin wrote:
> On Fri, 03 Oct 2008 08:30:01 -0700
> Joe Touch <touch@ISI.EDU> wrote:
> 
>> If you follow the implications of " With respect to a given network,
>> each distinct Sensitivity Label represents a separate virtual network
>> which shares the same physical network.", and the way it impacts TCP,
>> can you explain how the current draft indicates how to similarly
>> virtualize any of the following?
>>
>> - - ICMP handling
>> - - forwarding
>> - - routing
>> - - IPv6 neighbor discovery
>> - - IGMP
>> - - PIM
>> - - IPsec
>> - - IPIP tunnels
>> - - firewalls
>>
>> All of these things use IP addresses as unique identifiers, and all
>> are affected by extending that space to use the pair [address,
>> security level] instead.
>>
> Without trying to answer in detail, the basic rule is simple: no data
> with a given security label should ever be sent to or through an entity
> with a different label.  Routers and links are typically multi-label,
> so they can accept data within a range of levels.  A process will
> always be single-level, so it can only accept data -- TCP, ICMP
> replies, etc. -- at exactly the same level.  There are exceptions --
> IPsec boxes would (in that environment) be trusted to downgrade
> information, i.e., accept sensitive data, encrypt it, and send out the
> ciphertext packets with a different label.  IGMP poses a fascinating
> problem; I don't know that anyone has ever worked out the implications
> of doing that in an MLS environment.

Understood; the issue is that this document, if intended to extend MLS
into the architecture of MLS-enabled hosts, needs to be augmented
substantially to address these issues - even if to declare some out of
scope and not supported.

I don't know if it's tenable to assert that only the transport protocols
of interest are virtualized.

Joe
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On  3 Oct 2008, at 11:10, Joe Touch wrote:
> It would be useful to understand "support". I would not expect most
> deployed implementations to emit packets with that option, but I would
> expect deployed implementations to check that option if it was  
> received,
> and match it as specified in RFC 793.

I am not aware of any non-MLS TCP/IP implementation that checks
any flavour of the IPv4 security option (RFC-791, RFC-1038,
or RFC-1108).  So far as I know, non-MLS host implementations
don't even have code to parse any flavour of the IP Security
Option.

I am unaware of any non-MLS TCP/IP implementation that will
generate any flavour of that option.

According to Stevens in "TCP/IP Illustrated, Volume 2"
page 249, there is no support of any kind for the IP Security
options in BSD Net/3 and later.  He is silent on BSD
prior to Net/3 because that book is focused on Net/3
internals.  Of course, 4.4 BSD post-dates the Net/3
distribution.

Cisco routers running IOS do not check the option in their
default configuration.

All other routers that I am aware of can not do anything with
the option.  (There is a small possibility that the old
"Network Systems" brand routers could be configured to look
at RFC-1038 or RFC-1108 labels as part of a manually configured
ACL check, but there probably aren't any of those deployed now
or in recent years.)

Cisco routers running certain IOS versions that have been
explicitly configured to do so can use the RFC-1108 IP
Security Option as part of an Access Control List decision.

>>> There appears to be at least one change that might be required by  
>>> all
>>> Internet hosts; current behavior upon receipt of an IP packet at a
>>> security level not supported is to send a TCP RST. This document
>>> indicates that such hosts MUST silently drop such packets.
>>
>> *Nothing in the draft applies "to all Internet hosts".*
>>
>> The draft is clear that nothing in the draft applies to any
>> system that does not claim to implement that specific draft.
>>
>> I can repeat that scope comment in the document more times
>> if that helps, but it does already clearly say that in the
>> draft.
>
> I expected to find that kind of phrase in any one of the following
> locations, and did not

I am quite happy to add text to the Applicability
section clarifying this point.

> It would be useful to note that in the *'d places above where the
> limitations of the deployment would be stated.

I am happy to make an edit along those lines.

> Agreed, but that doesn't mean these issues don't need to be addressed.

The broader question you raise of documenting which parts of
RFC-791 and RFC-793 are widely not implemented is far beyond
the very modest scope of this document.  Such a document
might well be useful, but it is well beyond the current
scope.

>> ASIDE:
>>  One of the reasons that the IETF hasn't produced either a
>> router requirements or a host requirements document for many
>> years is that the last attempts in those areas did not have
>> much impact, either on what implementers shipped or on what
>> operators deployed.
>
> I'm not sure I agree with that. If that's the case,
> then why bother with this document?

We have two specifications for IPv4 security options that
have some implementation and deployment (specifically
RFC-1108 and FIPS-188).  These have narrow deployments
in multiple geographies.  Those deployments normally
involve MLS operating systems.

We erroneously thought we would not need an equivalent
IPv6 option, but operational experience over the past
decade indicates that we do need an equivalent IPv6
option.

So this document fills that narrow gap (no openly specified
IPv6 sensitivity label option exists).

> I.e., if we're admitting that the Internet ignores the
> IETF, we can spend more time golfing ;-)

The above is not what I said.

> I'm asking that the document explain how MLS systems' view of 793 and
> 1122 rules for TCP change as well. Others pointed out the potential  
> need
> to "update" 793 regarding TCP changes; IMO this is needed for other
> network architecture docs as well.

I am confused how the above would translate into a specific edit.

> These are architectural changes.

We appear to have different definitions for "architectural",
which is perhaps not unusual for a community of this size.

Yours,

Ran Atkinson
rja@extremenetworks.com

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On  3 Oct 2008, at 12:47, Joe Touch wrote:
> Understood; the issue is that this document, if intended to extend MLS
> into the architecture of MLS-enabled hosts, ...

It is not intended to do all that.

It is just trying to specify an IPv6 Sensitivity Label.
Certain implementation details need to be specified if
one wants to have interoperable MLS implementations.
This tries to specify only those that are really needed.

Cheers,

Ran
rja@extremenetworks.com

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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1



RJ Atkinson wrote:
> 
> On  3 Oct 2008, at 11:10, Joe Touch wrote:
...
>> I'm asking that the document explain how MLS systems' view of 793 and
>> 1122 rules for TCP change as well. Others pointed out the potential need
>> to "update" 793 regarding TCP changes; IMO this is needed for other
>> network architecture docs as well.
> 
> I am confused how the above would translate into a specific edit.

You can't just redefine TCP's notion of an endpoint. You need to address
how this propagates through the protocol stack, notably:

	- ICMP handling
		does the ICMP carry the security level of the
		packet in its payload?

		does ICMP processing match the level of the
		incoming packet to the transport protocol?

	- forwarding
		should there be multiple forwarding entries,
		just as there are multiple TCPs for a socket pair?
		
		i.e., how much is the network really virtualized,
		or are you virtualizing only the host - and only
		for certain transport protocols
		(if so, then say that rather than virtualizing the net)

	- routing
		are there routing protocols that carry reachability
		only for certain levels? are those levels encoded in the
		routing protocol's packet headers, or in the
		routing protocol content (i.e., application data)
		itself?

	- similarly for multicast...

	- similarly for DHCP...

	- similarly for IPv6 neighbor discovery...

	- similarly for other items listed in response to Bill's
	email

I.e., if this is really a virtual network, there's a LOT of work left to
be done.

If this is restricted to only TCP, then ICMP needs to be addressed (or
else PMTUD won't work), at least (perhaps also DNS, e.g., SRV responses
might need to be at the appropriate level as well), and the description
of what is virtualized should be scoped down.

(I presume the latter is where you'd prefer to go with this, though
correct me if that's not the case).

Joe
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On Fri, 2008-10-03 at 12:15 -0400, Steven M. Bellovin wrote:
> On Fri, 03 Oct 2008 07:32:44 -0700
> Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com> wrote:
> > It is IMHO not necessary to specify what a label-unaware system should
> > do with a labeled packet -- if they get one at all, it's a serious
> > error on the part of the sender.
> > 
> Actually, 793 disagrees:
> 
>   The security paramaters may be used even in a non-secure environment  
>   (the values would indicate unclassified data), thus hosts in
>   non-secure environments must be prepared to receive the security
>   parameters, though they need not send them.
> 
> The question is how realistic that statement is.

As you probably would have guessed, I think it's entirely unrealistic.

						- Bill


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On Fri, 2008-10-03 at 12:15 -0400, Steven M. Bellovin wrote:
> On Fri, 03 Oct 2008 07:32:44 -0700
> Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com> wrote:
> > It is IMHO not necessary to specify what a label-unaware system should
> > do with a labeled packet -- if they get one at all, it's a serious
> > error on the part of the sender.
> > 
> Actually, 793 disagrees:
> 
>   The security paramaters may be used even in a non-secure environment  
>   (the values would indicate unclassified data), thus hosts in
>   non-secure environments must be prepared to receive the security
>   parameters, though they need not send them.
> 
> The question is how realistic that statement is.

As you probably would have guessed, I think it's entirely unrealistic.

						- Bill


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On Fri, 2008-10-03 at 06:58 -0700, Joe Touch wrote:

> There appears to be at least one change that might be required by all
> Internet hosts; current behavior upon receipt of an IP packet at a
> security level not supported is to send a TCP RST. This document
> indicates that such hosts MUST silently drop such packets.

In a securely-configured MLS environment, systems not running an MLS
operating system will never receive a packet with an MLS label -- if
they did, that inherently means that an MLS system somewhere is
misconfigured and information is flowing in violation of the MLS policy.

It is IMHO not necessary to specify what a label-unaware system should
do with a labeled packet -- if they get one at all, it's a serious error
on the part of the sender.

> > 2) MLS operating systems have different requirements:
> >   In turn, this specification *only* applies to Multi-Level
> >   Secure (MLS) operating systems that choose to implement
> >   this particular IPv6 labelling specification.  The draft
> >   is very clear about this.
> 
> The draft does not appear to indicate how an MLS system would interact
> with legacy systems that are not updated.

are you asking about labeled or unlabeled interoperability?

the MLS systems I'm familiar with are configured with policy indicating
the clearances of other hosts.  That policy can indicate whether or not
packets to the other system should contain an explicit MLS label. 

non-MLS systems will typically never see a label.

> > 3) The MLS-specific proposal is accepted by long-term
> >    members of the Transport community:
> >    Please see Dave Borman's note to the IETF discuss
> >    list from yesterday.  Dave has about as much TCP
> >    experience as anyone.
> 
> I consider it very incomplete with regard to the impact of the changes
> proposed on the architecture of MLS endpoints.

I have a modest amount of MLS implementation experience.  I believe the
spec is complete enough to publish in its current form.

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Thread-Topic: [saag] draft-stjohns-sipso-05 & transport protocols
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You can't wholly eliminate leaks this way; both sender and receiver "should" try
to block them (a feature for networked mls systems a long time now; this was present
in msx-11 (on DECUS 11-SP-6, 1979) and probably others. If receiver goes into promiscuous
mode on a non MLS system they'll get these, but at least the amount of such cruft in
most cases will be reduced. Sender "should" ensure this cannot happen, but you
get what you get...



-----Original Message-----
From: saag-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:saag-bounces@ietf.org]On Behalf Of
Joe Touch
Sent: Friday, October 03, 2008 11:13 AM
To: Bill Sommerfeld
Cc: draft-stjohns-sipso-05@tools.ietf.org; TSV Area; saag@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [saag] draft-stjohns-sipso-05 & transport protocols


-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1



Bill Sommerfeld wrote:
> On Fri, 2008-10-03 at 06:58 -0700, Joe Touch wrote:
> 
>> There appears to be at least one change that might be required by all
>> Internet hosts; current behavior upon receipt of an IP packet at a
>> security level not supported is to send a TCP RST. This document
>> indicates that such hosts MUST silently drop such packets.
> 
> In a securely-configured MLS environment, systems not running an MLS
> operating system will never receive a packet with an MLS label -- if
> they did, that inherently means that an MLS system somewhere is
> misconfigured and information is flowing in violation of the MLS policy.
> 
> It is IMHO not necessary to specify what a label-unaware system should
> do with a labeled packet -- if they get one at all, it's a serious error
> on the part of the sender.

Serious errors occur all the time. The expected behavior of the MLS in
interacting with a non-MLS endpoint should be explained *when* that happens.

>>> 2) MLS operating systems have different requirements:
>>>   In turn, this specification *only* applies to Multi-Level
>>>   Secure (MLS) operating systems that choose to implement
>>>   this particular IPv6 labelling specification.  The draft
>>>   is very clear about this.
>> The draft does not appear to indicate how an MLS system would interact
>> with legacy systems that are not updated.
> 
> are you asking about labeled or unlabeled interoperability?

Both, since you brought it up, but I was originally thinking of unlabeled.

> the MLS systems I'm familiar with are configured with policy indicating
> the clearances of other hosts.  That policy can indicate whether or not
> packets to the other system should contain an explicit MLS label. 
> 
> non-MLS systems will typically never see a label.

Agreed, but (as above), this still needs to be explicit in this doc IMO.

Joe
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From saag-bounces@ietf.org  Sun Oct  5 23:47:06 2008
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Date: Mon, 06 Oct 2008 14:47:23 +0800
From: Sean Shen <sshen@huawei.com>
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Subject: Re: [saag] Call for Participation: IETF 73 MAC Labeling Bar BOF
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 hi, Dave,
I am not clear about the prospective topics of the bar bof. Can you point me
to the 3 draft you mentioned?
Thanks

Sean

>-----Original Message-----
>From: saag-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:saag-bounces@ietf.org] On 
>Behalf Of David P. Quigley
>Sent: Wednesday, October 01, 2008 6:06 AM
>To: paul.moore@hp.com; latten@austin.ibm.com; 
>Kurt.Zeilenga@Isode.com; saag@ietf.org; 
>rja@extremenetworks.com; Nicolas.Williams@sun.com; Jarrett.Lu@sun.com
>Subject: [saag] Call for Participation: IETF 73 MAC Labeling Bar BOF
>
>Hello, 
>
>I am organizing a Bar BOF to discuss the use of security 
>labels in IETF protocols. Recently there have been at least 
>three drafts introduced to the IETF which deal with security 
>labels. While there may be other drafts in the work that deal 
>with this topic, from the three I've seen there is at least 
>one issue where myself and others believe we need to reach a 
>consensus. 
>
>According to the IETF 73 cutoff dates list we won't know the 
>final agenda for the event until October 27th. Once this date 
>rolls around I will post a list of suggested dates and times 
>for the BOF to take place. I also need to figure out where in 
>the hotel to host the BOF. As the name suggests we can hold it 
>in the hotel's bar, however another suggestion has been to get 
>a room at a restaurant and hold the meeting over dinner. 
>Depending on the interest in this BOF neither of these options 
>may accommodate the number of people interested. In that case 
>I'll have to see if I can find a more suitable place to hold the BOF.
>Hopefully I will have this information to you before we arrive 
>at IETF 73 but if I don't I'll make sure I inform everyone of 
>where I will post the information.
>
>As of right now I have four people interested in the BOF and I 
>hope to have more as time passes. I would like to be able to 
>create a mailing list for the BOF but unfortunately I am not 
>able to do that where I am. If someone else would like to host 
>the mailing list (Not to be taken as a solicitation by the US
>Govt) that would be great. For now if you are interested in 
>the BOF feel free to email me so I have an idea of the general 
>interest.
>
>The current agenda only has one item on it and that is the 
>specification of a DOI. In the recent weeks I've read three 
>drafts that have three different specifications of Domains of 
>Interpretation (DOIs). While this is the only thing I have at 
>the moment if you have other suggestions for topics or drafts 
>you would like to discuss please bring them to my attention so 
>I can make sure to add them to the agenda.
>
>Dave Quigley
>
>_______________________________________________
>saag mailing list
>saag@ietf.org
>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/saag
>


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From: Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>
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Subject: Re: [saag] draft-stjohns-sipso-05 & transport protocols
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On Fri, 2008-10-03 at 12:15 -0400, Steven M. Bellovin wrote:
> On Fri, 03 Oct 2008 07:32:44 -0700
> Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com> wrote:
> > It is IMHO not necessary to specify what a label-unaware system should
> > do with a labeled packet -- if they get one at all, it's a serious
> > error on the part of the sender.
> > 
> Actually, 793 disagrees:
> 
>   The security paramaters may be used even in a non-secure environment  
>   (the values would indicate unclassified data), thus hosts in
>   non-secure environments must be prepared to receive the security
>   parameters, though they need not send them.
> 
> The question is how realistic that statement is.

As you probably would have guessed, I think it's entirely unrealistic.

						- Bill


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Date: Mon, 6 Oct 2008 12:53:04 -0400
To: Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>
From: Stephen Kent <kent@bbn.com>
Cc: draft-stjohns-sipso-05@tools.ietf.org, TSV Area <tsv-area@ietf.org>,
	saag@ietf.org, Joe Touch <touch@ISI.EDU>
Subject: Re: [saag] draft-stjohns-sipso-05 & transport protocols
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At 7:32 AM -0700 10/3/08, Bill Sommerfeld wrote:
>On Fri, 2008-10-03 at 06:58 -0700, Joe Touch wrote:
>
>>  There appears to be at least one change that might be required by all
>>  Internet hosts; current behavior upon receipt of an IP packet at a
>>  security level not supported is to send a TCP RST. This document
>>  indicates that such hosts MUST silently drop such packets.
>
>In a securely-configured MLS environment, systems not running an MLS
>operating system will never receive a packet with an MLS label -- if
>they did, that inherently means that an MLS system somewhere is
>misconfigured and information is flowing in violation of the MLS policy.

I'm not sure I agree with this statement, Bill.  A single-level or 
dedicated mode host MIGHT receive such packets IF an MLS hosts is 
configured to always send labelled packets.  Such hosts MIGHT be 
configured to accept and emit packets with a fixed secruity level, as 
part of an overall, local config policy.   Such systems, while not 
MLS, would not be label-unaware.  I am familiar with  plans that 
called for such behavior in the RFC 1108 context. Note that a BLACKER 
E2E crypto unit configured to support a single-level host would 
behave this way, but since the BLACKER was MLS (even though a host 
behind it might not be), that example does not exactly fit the 
description above.

Steve
_______________________________________________
saag mailing list
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From saag-bounces@ietf.org  Mon Oct  6 11:02:02 2008
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From: "David P. Quigley" <dpquigl@tycho.nsa.gov>
To: Sean Shen <sshen@huawei.com>
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Subject: Re: [saag] Call for Participation: IETF 73 MAC Labeling Bar BOF
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Hello,
    Sorry for taking so long to respond to this but I was out sick the
better part of last week. The three documents are listed below and one
of them is attached to the email since it was an RFC posting to the
SELinux mailing list. That attachment is by Joy Latten of IBM and
pertains to labeled IPsec.

MAC Security Label Requirements for NFSv4
http://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-quigley-nfsv4-sec-label-requirements-01.txt

Common Architecture Label IPv6 Security Option (CALIPSO)
http://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-stjohns-sipso-05.txt

Two attached Documents by Joy Latten for Labeled IPSec

Dave

On Mon, 2008-10-06 at 14:47 +0800, Sean Shen wrote:
> hi, Dave,
> I am not clear about the prospective topics of the bar bof. Can you point me
> to the 3 draft you mentioned?
> Thanks
> 
> Sean
> 
> >-----Original Message-----
> >From: saag-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:saag-bounces@ietf.org] On 
> >Behalf Of David P. Quigley
> >Sent: Wednesday, October 01, 2008 6:06 AM
> >To: paul.moore@hp.com; latten@austin.ibm.com; 
> >Kurt.Zeilenga@Isode.com; saag@ietf.org; 
> >rja@extremenetworks.com; Nicolas.Williams@sun.com; Jarrett.Lu@sun.com
> >Subject: [saag] Call for Participation: IETF 73 MAC Labeling Bar BOF
> >
> >Hello, 
> >
> >I am organizing a Bar BOF to discuss the use of security 
> >labels in IETF protocols. Recently there have been at least 
> >three drafts introduced to the IETF which deal with security 
> >labels. While there may be other drafts in the work that deal 
> >with this topic, from the three I've seen there is at least 
> >one issue where myself and others believe we need to reach a 
> >consensus. 
> >
> >According to the IETF 73 cutoff dates list we won't know the 
> >final agenda for the event until October 27th. Once this date 
> >rolls around I will post a list of suggested dates and times 
> >for the BOF to take place. I also need to figure out where in 
> >the hotel to host the BOF. As the name suggests we can hold it 
> >in the hotel's bar, however another suggestion has been to get 
> >a room at a restaurant and hold the meeting over dinner. 
> >Depending on the interest in this BOF neither of these options 
> >may accommodate the number of people interested. In that case 
> >I'll have to see if I can find a more suitable place to hold the BOF.
> >Hopefully I will have this information to you before we arrive 
> >at IETF 73 but if I don't I'll make sure I inform everyone of 
> >where I will post the information.
> >
> >As of right now I have four people interested in the BOF and I 
> >hope to have more as time passes. I would like to be able to 
> >create a mailing list for the BOF but unfortunately I am not 
> >able to do that where I am. If someone else would like to host 
> >the mailing list (Not to be taken as a solicitation by the US
> >Govt) that would be great. For now if you are interested in 
> >the BOF feel free to email me so I have an idea of the general 
> >interest.
> >
> >The current agenda only has one item on it and that is the 
> >specification of a DOI. In the recent weeks I've read three 
> >drafts that have three different specifications of Domains of 
> >Interpretation (DOIs). While this is the only thing I have at 
> >the moment if you have other suggestions for topics or drafts 
> >you would like to discuss please bring them to my attention so 
> >I can make sure to add them to the agenda.
> >
> >Dave Quigley
> >
> >_______________________________________________
> >saag mailing list
> >saag@ietf.org
> >https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/saag
> >
> 

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Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=draft-jml-ipsec-ikev1-security-label-00.txt
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Network Working Group                                   J. Latten
Internet-Draft                                          G. Wilson
Intended Status: Standards Track                        S. Hallyn
Expires: ?                                                    IBM
                                                        T. Jaeger
                                                       Penn State
                                                        June 2008

                        Security Label Addendum to 
                    IPsec Domain of Interpretation (DOI)
                      for Internet Security Association 
                    and Key Management Protocol (ISAKMP)

                  draft-jml-ipsec-ikev1-security-label-00

Status of This Memo

   By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any
   applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is aware
   have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she becomes
   aware will be disclosed, in accordance with Section 6 of BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that
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   Drafts.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
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   http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.

   This Internet-Draft will expire on December, 2008.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2008)

Abstract

   This document describes the need for and the use of a security label
   within IPsec. It describes the extension to the Internet IP Security



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   Domain of Interpretation (IPsec DOI) [RFC2407] for the Internet
   Security Association and Key Management Protocol (ISAKMP) [RFC2408]. 
   This extension supports the negotiation of the security label for a 
   particular IP Authentication Header (AH) [RFC4302] or IP 
   Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) [RFC4303] security association.

1. Introduction

   Traditionally, security context referred to the security level and
   category used by Multilevel Security (MLS). This document will refer
   to the security level and category as the security classification.

   Current security mechanisms, such as SELinux, use the security
   classification and additional security attributes to form their 
   security context. For example, a type for type enforcement. 
  
   Techniques such as IP Security Options (IPSO) allow IP datagrams to
   be labeled with an MLS security classification [RFC1108]. This 
   ensured the same security applied to local objects and resources was 
   utilized when communicating over the network with homogenous systems.
   However, these techniques cannot pass along the additional security
   attributes used in current security mechanisms.

   The ISAKMP specification defines a Situation field in the Security 
   Association payload [RFC2408]. The IPsec DOI describes the use of 
   this field to communicate sensitivity and integrity classification 
   information between initiator and responder when negotiating a 
   security association [RFC2407]. However, it does not provide for 
   additional security attributes that may be required by the security 
   mechanism being deployed in the environment.

   This document describes the additions to the IPsec DOI for ISAKMP
   that are needed to support communication of additional security 
   attributes between two hosts, in particular a security label.

2. Terminology
 
   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].











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3. IPsec Security Association Attribute

    The following SA attribute definition is used in Phase II of an
    Internet Key Exchange Protocol (IKE) negotiation that includes a 
    security label. The attribute type is Variable-Length (V).  
    Encoding of attributes is defined in the base ISAKMP specification 
    [RFC2408].

    Attribute Type

                class                   value           type
          ------------------------------------------------------
               Security Label             ?              V
    
    Class Values

      Security Label

        Specifies that the security association is being negotiated 
        in an environment that requires labeled security. This field 
        will contain the security label.

        The security label has the following format.

        0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |     doi       |  algorithm    |            length             |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |                 security label (variable)                     |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

                     Figure 1: Security Label format

       - doi (1 octet) - The first octet contains the security label's
         domain of interpretation.

         The domain of interpretation can be viewed as a group of
         systems that agree on the meaning of particular values within
         the security label of a security mechanism.

         The value of 1 is reserved as the default.

         Reserved       0
         Default        1

       - algorithm (1 octet) - The second octet contains the security 
         label's algorithm.




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         The security label's algorithm specifies the security
         mechanism or context in which the label is applicable. For
         example, the security label is interpreted within the SELinux
         context.

         Requests for assignment of additional algorithms should be 
         addressed to the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA).

         Reserved       0
         SELinux        1
         Smack          2
         Private Use    120-128

       - length (2 octets) - The third and fourth octets contain the 
         string length of the security context.

       - security label (1 or more octets) - The security label. The
         actual content will be dependent on the security algorithm
         that is specified. Within IKE context, this is regarded as
         an opaque bit string.

3. Attribute Negotiation

   If an implementation receives an IPsec DOI attribute or attribute
   value that it does not support, it SHOULD send an 
   ATTRIBUTES-NOT-SUPPORT and the security association negotiation 
   and setup MUST be aborted.

4. Security Considerations

   This document describes an extension to IKE [RFC2409] and ISAKMP 
   [RFC2408] protocols. The use of the described security label should 
   not change the basic security features of the two. 

   The IPsec DOI describes a Situation field whose values can be 
   SIT_SECRECY and/or SIT_INTEGRITY. When SIT_SECRECY is used, it 
   indicates an environment requiring labeled secrecy and is
   followed with sensitivity label. When SIT_INTEGITY is used,
   it indicates an environment requiring labeled integrity and 
   is followed with integrity information. 

   SIT_SECRECY and SIT_INTEGRITY themselves indicate the use of
   a security label and therefore the security attribute described
   in this document MUST NOT be used in conjunction with either.
   The new security attribute extends the existing security
   mechanism to allow for additional interpretations of a security
   label and not just those defined by SIT_SECRECY and SIT INTEGRITY.
   It is possible that the sensitivity level and/or integrity level are



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   included in the security label defined by the security algorithm 
   using the new security attribute.

5. IANA Considerations

   This document contains two new "magic numbers" which are allocated
   and maintained by IANA registry.

        - The class value for the security label attribute.

                  class            value     type
              -----------------------------------------
                Security Label       ?        V

          Only one value assigned by IANA is required.

          - The value for the security algorithm.

                SELinux         1(?)
                Smack           2(?)

          Additional values may be assigned by IANA for the
          security mechanisms requiring IKE to communicate its
          security label.

Acknowledgements

   The authors would like to thank Stephen Smalley, James Morris and
   the SELinux community for their work on labeled ipsec.

Normative References

   [RFC2119]    Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
                Requirement Level", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC2407]    Piper, D., "The Internet IP Security Domain of
                Interpretation for ISAKMP", RFC 2407, November 1998.

   [RFC2408]    Maughan, D., Schertler, M., Schneider, M., and
                J. Turner, "Internet Security Association and Key
                Management Protocol", RFC 2408, November 1998.

   [RFC2409]    Harkins, D. and D. Carrel, "The Internet Key Exchange",
                RFC 2409, November 1998.

   [RFC4302]   Kent, S., "IP Authentication Header", RFC 4302, 
               December 2005.




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   [RFC4303]   Kent, S., "IP Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP)", 
               RFC 4303, December 2005. 

Informative references

   [RFC1108]   Kent, S., "U.S. DoD Security Options for the Internet
               Protocol, RFC 1108, November 1991.

Authors' Addresses

Joy Latten
IBM 
email: latten@austin.ibm.com

George Wilson
IBM 
email: gcwilson@us.ibm.com

Serge Hallyn
IBM
email: serue@us.ibm.com

Trent Jaeger
Penn State
email: tjaeger@cse.psu.edu


























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Full Copyright Statement

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Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=draft-jml-ipsec-ikev2-security-label-00.txt
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Network Working Group                                   J. Latten
Internet-Draft                                          G. Wilson
Intended Status: Standards Track                        S. Hallyn
Expires: ?                                                    IBM
                                                        T. Jaeger
                                                       Penn State
                                                        July 2008

                    Security Label Addendum to IPsec
                 draft-jml-ipsec-ikev2-security-label-00


Status of This Memo

   By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any
   applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is aware
   have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she becomes
   aware will be disclosed, in accordance with Section 6 of BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that
   other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-
   Drafts.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress".

   The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt.

   The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.

   This Internet-Draft will expire on December, 2008.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2008)

Abstract

   This document describes the high-level requirements needed within
   IPsec to support Mandatory Access Control (MAC) on network
   communications. It describes the extensions to the Security
   Architecture for the Internet Protocol [RFC4301] and the Internet
   Key Exchange Protocol Version 2 [RFC4306]. It also describes the 



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   negotiation of the security label for a particular Authentication 
   Header (AH) [RFC4302] and/or Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) 
   [RFC4303] security association.

1. Introduction

   In computer security, Mandatory Access Control usually refers to a
   system in which all subjects and objects are labeled with a security
   context. The security context is comprised of a set of security
   attributes. The security contexts along with a system authorization 
   policy determine access. Rules within the system authorization policy 
   determine whether the access will be granted based on the security 
   attributes of the subject and object.

   Traditionally, MAC implied Multilevel Security (MLS) systems. MLS
   utilizes a security context consisting of a sensitivity or security
   level and category. This document will refer to the security level 
   and category as the security classiffication. In MLS, the use of a
   security classification allowed segregation of information thus
   facilitating data confidentiality. 

   MAC systems have become more mainstream and is no longer just
   associated with MLS. Within a strictly hierarchical system such as 
   MLS, often there are tasks that need to be exempt from the MLS
   policy, thus leaving them exposed. However, methods such as Type 
   Enforcement (TE) are not hierarchical and allow precise rules to 
   be written about access using security attributes [MayMacCap]. TE can
   be used to control access these "exempt" tasks. A MAC system can 
   employ both MLS and TE to control access. Such systems require 
   additional security attributes besides the security classification 
   used by MLS. For example, a domain type attribute may be used to 
   control access in TE [MayMacCap]. 

   These MAC systems concentrate on securing local objects and
   resources but have no way of applying their security contexts to
   network communications to ensure the same security when
   communicating with homogenous systems.

   Techniques such as IP Security Options (IPSO) allow IP datagrams to 
   be labeled with a MLS security classification [RFC1108]. However,
   they do not accomodate additional security attributes such as the 
   type in TE. MAC implementations requiring additional security 
   attributes, such as SELinux, can use IPsec mechanisms to control 
   access [LevIPsecMAC].

   This document will describe how IPsec mechanisms can support 
   MAC networking. It will also describe the additions to IKEv2 to 
   support communication of a security context during negotiations to 



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   establish an AH and ESP security association. 

   Within this document, security label and security context refer to
   the same thing. And MAC networking and labeled networking are
   used interchangeably. 

2. Terminology
 
   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].

3. Labeled Networking

   Within a MAC environment, the underlying security mechanism applies 
   a security context to all the subjects and objects on the local
   system. The security context along with a MAC authorization policy 
   determines whether a subject may access an object.

   In labeled networking, a security context is applied to data 
   exported over the network. The MAC system can then use labeled 
   networking to make informed access decisions. Systems wishing to 
   communicate with each other must deploy the same MAC authorization 
   policy and security context for consistency.

   IPsec mechanisms can support labeled networking whether implicit or
   explicit labels are being used.

   Explicit labeling refers to transmitting the security context in the
   IP datagram, such as in IPSO. When explicit labeling is used the 
   encryption and authentication services provided in IPsec can be
   used to authenticate the bindings between the security label in the
   IP header and payload and provide confidentiality [RFC2401].

   In an implicit labeling scheme, the security context is not
   transmitted as part of the IP datagram. IPsec provides implicit
   labeling in that the security context is part of the IPsec Security 
   Association and not transmitted with each packet.

3.1 Relationship Between a Security Association and Security Label

   In MAC networking, the traffic between two systems may require 
   several different security contexts. For example, ftp and a mail 
   program may each label their data with a different security context. 
   Recall that SAs exist in pairs, one for inbound and one for outbound. 
   Each instance of a security label will require an SA pair. Thus 
   traffic between two systems may have several SA pairs with identical 
   selectors except for the security context. If using a combination of 



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   ESP and AH, then there will be an ESP SA pair and an AH SA pair per 
   instance of a security label.

3.2 Security Context Selector

   [RFC4301] describes the Security Policy Database (SPD), and the
   Security Association Database (SAD) and corresponding selectors.

   MAC networking introduces an additional selector, the Security
   Context selector. This selector is only required when MAC
   networking is deployed. 
    
        - Security Context: MAC implementation's security context.
          The security context can be an IPSO/CIPSO label when
          IPsec is used to support explicit labels.

   Recall, in MAC networking, multiple SAs may exist between two 
   systems differing only in their security labels. The Security Context
   selector ensures that the appropriate SA pair is used to secure a
   particular communication.

   The Security Context selector within the SPD allows the system
   administrator to specify which traffic streams will be authorized
   to communicate within the system's MAC policy. It also specifies
   which traffic streams will have labeled communications and which
   will not.

3.3 Security Context Selector and PFP

   [RFC4301] introduced and described Populate From Packet (PFP)
   flags. When creating an SA, the PFP flag determines whether to
   instantiate the corresponding selector in the new SA with 
   information from the packet that triggered the creation or from
   information in the corresponding SPD entry.

   In MAC implementations, the security context that will be associated
   with the new SA MUST NOT be the SPD entry's security context. The
   security contexts in the SPD entry and in the SA entry are to label
   two different objects respectively. The security context in the SPD 
   entry controls access to the entry itself and it's IPsec 
   configuration information. Thus the SPD entry itself is considered an 
   object. The SA's security context provides security attributes for 
   the packet which can also indicate the security attributes of the 
   sender or process. Keeping these separate allows a MAC implementation 
   to control which packets may use a particular IPsec configuration.

   Therefore, when using IPsec to provide implicit labels, the PFP flag 
   must not be used to determine where to get the security context for 
   the new SA.


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3.4 Outbound Processing for MAC Networking

   When consulting the SPD for an outbound policy, the data's security
   label is used to determine if it is authorized to access the
   particular SPD entry and use its configuration information for
   sending. This adds the additional check in that the outbound packet
   will not generate an SA pair that the policy entry does not allow.
   So for example, in an MLS implementation, a high secrecy process
   cannot generate an SA allowing it to send data to a low secrecy 
   process.

   Similarly, when consulting the SAD to find an outbound SA, the
   the data's security context is used to select the appropriate SA to
   send on.

   In the case that a suitable outbound policy is found, but there isn't
   an SA, the message sent to the key management system to create an SA
   MUST contain the security label associated with the data. This allows 
   for the key manager to create an SA pair with the correct security 
   label for the data to be transmitted.

   A MAC implementation MAY label it's interface and/or configured IP
   address. If so, before forwarding the packet out to its destination,
   a check should be made that the outbound packet is authorized to
   send out on the interface and/or configured ip address [RFC2401].

3.4 Inbound Processing for MAC Networking

   The use of the SPI to map IPsec protected packets to an SA ensures
   we select the correct SA to process the inbound packet.

   The MAC implementation MUST retain the binding between the data
   received in the IPsec protected packet and the security label in
   the SA used to process the packet. This is required so that
   suitable MAC policy decisions can be made when delivering the data
   to an application or when fowarding. The means for maintaining this
   binding are implementation specific. [RFC2401]

   A MAC implementation MAY label it's interface or configured IP
   address. If so, the MAC implementation SHOULD check the inbound
   packet's security label (as defined by the SA used to process the
   packet) with the security label of the interface or configured IP
   address before forwarding to upper-layer protocol or to
   destination [RFC2401].

3.5 MAC Processing for Security Gateways

   A security gateway enforcing MAC and using labeled SAs MUST follow



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   the inbound and outbound processing mentioned above as well as some
   additional processing particular to the intermediate protection of
   packets in a MAC environment [RFC2401].

   A security gateway enforcing MAC MUST create and use appropriate
   SAs to protect packets that it forwards for systems behind it. 
   [RFC2401] The systems behind the security gateway may or may not be 
   using MAC. The gateway SHOULD utilize various attributes of the 
   traffic and/or existing labels to determine the security labels for 
   the SAs to be created and applied.

   Similarly, such a gateway SHOULD accept and process inbound AH
   and/or ESP packets and forward appropriately, utilizing various
   attributes of the traffic and/or existing labels [RFC2401].

4. Security Context Transform

   When the initiator requests a new SA to be created, the 
   security context is communicated in the information required for 
   the new IPsec SA. Security contexts are not communicated for IKE_SAs, 
   only IPsec SAs.

   The following transform definition is used to communicate a security
   context when creating the CHILD_SA in the IKE_AUTH exchange or when
   creating or rekeying an IPsec SA in the CREATE_CHILD_SA exchange.

   The transform type value is:

   Description        Transform Type      Used In
   .................................................
   Security Context       (?)6            ESP and AH

   When using IPsec's implicit labelin, the existence of a security
   context for the SPD entry indicates all SAs created by this entry
   MUST be labeled. If an SPD entry does not have a security context, 
   then resulting SAs will not have a security context. Within MAC 
   it may be desireable that some network communications not be labeled 
   and just protected by IPsec. For example, a security gateway 
   enforcing MAC but the systems behind it do not. These SPD entries 
   would not have a security context. However, when the security 
   gateway talks to another security gateway, it may want to use 
   implicit labeling. Therefore, the use of a security context with 
   the ESP and AH protocols when MAC is enforced is optional.

   Only one transform of type (?)6 is allowed per protocol. In other
   words, you cannot communicate two different security contexts within 
   a single SA payload being negotiated.




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   For Transform Type (?)6 (Security Context), the defined Transform IDs
   are:
  
   Security Mechanism          Number
   ...........................................
   Reserved                     0
   SELinux                      (?)1  
   Smack                        (?)2
   Reserved to IANA             (?)3 - 1023
   Private Use                  1024 - 65535


   The Transform Attribute Type:

   Attribute Type       Value       Attribute Format
   .......................................................
   Security Context     (?)18             TLV

   The attribute format is Type/Length/Value allowing for a variable
   length security context.


   The security context has the following format.

    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     doi       |   security context (variable length)          |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

                  Figure 1: Security Context Format

       - doi (1 octet) - The first octet contains the security label's
         domain of interpretation.

         The domain of interpretation can be viewed as a group of
         systems that agree on the meaning of particular values within
         the security label of a security mechanism.

       Reserved        0
       Default        (?)1
       Private Use    (?)2 - 255

       - security context (variable length number of octets)
         The actual content will be dependent on the security mechanism
         that is specified. Within IKE context, this is regarded as
         an opaque bit string.





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4.1 Attribute Negotiation

   The description of attribute negotiation in [RFC4306] is applicable
   also when using security contexts. In addition, only one security
   context transform (Type 6) is allowed per protocol. And if the
   initiator sends multiple proposals when negotiating an SA, each
   proposal MUST contain the same transform type and security context.
   In other words, a single SA negotiation should contain only one
   security context.

4.3 CREATE_CHILD_SA Exchange

   [RFC4306] describes the NO_ADDITIONAL_SAS notification.
   This notification is sent by a responder who is unwilling to accept
   additional SAs on an IKE_SA or a minimal IPsec implementation.

   Within MAC, the data transmitted between two systems may have 
   different security contexts. For example, ftp and telnet data may
   each have their own security contexts. Each instance of a security
   context requires an SA pair to support context granularity.  
   There may be multiple SAs with same selectors except for the 
   security context selector. A responder should be willing to accept 
   more than one SA on an IKE_SA in MAC networking.

4. Security Considerations

   Some IPsec implementations may dynamically update the SPD.
   If the responder does not have an SPD entry, the information within
   the SA payload is used to generate an SPD entry.

   MAC networking may impose limitations on IPsec implementations that
   dynamically update the SPD. The security contexts associated with an
   SPD entry and an SA are for different purposes as described
   already in this document. Therefore, the security context in the
   SA should not be used as the security context for the SPD entry.

   IPsec implementations that generate SPD entries during SA
   negotiation and wish to enforce labeled networking will require a
   mechanism for system administrators to specify the security context
   to be used for these SPD entries.











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5. IANA Considerations

   This document contains several new numbers which are allocated
   and maintained by the IANA registry.

   - The Transform Type value for the security context.

     Description             Transform type
    -----------------------------------------
     Security Context             (?)6

   - The Transform IDs defined within the Security Context Transform
     Type.

     Name              Number
    ---------------------------
     Reserved              0
     SELinux            (?)1
     Smack              (?)2
     Reserved to IANA   (?)3 - 1023
     Private Use        1024 - 65535

     Additional values may be assigned by IANA for the security
     mechanisms requiring IKE to communicate its security label.

   - The Security Context attribute type.

     Attribute Type      Value      Attribute Format
    -----------------------------------------------------
     Security Context     (?)18           TLV

6. Acknowledgements

   The authors would like to thank Stephen Smalley and James Morris
   for their contributions during the initial design; and the members 
   of the SELinux community who have contributed to the development 
   and improvement of labeled ipsec and this specification.

7. References

7.1 Normative References

   [RFC2119]    Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
                Requirement Level", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC4301]    Kent, S. and K. Seo, "Security Architecture for the
                Internet Protocol", RFC 4301, December 2005.



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   [RFC4306]    Kaufman, Ed., "Internet Key Exchange (IKEv2) Protocol",
                RFC 4306, December 2005.

7.2 Informative References

   [LevIPsecMAC]
                Jaeger, T., King, David., Butler, K., Hallyn, S.,
                Latten, J., Zhang, X., "Leveraging IPsec for Mandatory
                Per-Packet Access Control", 2006
                http://www.cse.psu.edu/~tjaeger/papers/securecomm06.pdf

   [MayMacCap]  Mayer, F., Macmillan K., Caplan D., SELinux by Example, 
                Section 1.2.4, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 
                2007

   [RFC1108]    Kent, S., "U.S. DoD Security Options for the Internet
                Protocol", RFC 1108, November 1991. 

   [RFC2401]    Kent, S., Atkinson, R., Security Architecture for the
                Internet Protocol, RFC 2401, November 1998. 

   [RFC4302]    Kent, S., "IP Authentication Header", RFC 4302,
                December 2005.

   [RFC4303]    Kent, S. "IP Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP)",
                RFC 4303, December 2005.


Authors' Addresses

Joy Latten
IBM
email: latten@austin.ibm.com

George Wilson
IBM
email: gcwilson@us.ibm.com

Serge Hallyn
IBM
email: serue@us.ibm.com

Trent Jaeger
Penn State
email: tjaeger@cse.psu.edu






Latten, et al.             Expires ?                          [Page 10]

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Full Copyright Statement

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   This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions
   contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors
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   OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY, THE IETF TRUST AND
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   OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF
   THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED
   WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

Intellectual Property

   The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any
   Intellectual Property Rights or other rights that might be claimed
   to pertain to the implementation or use of the technology
   described in this document or the extent to which any license
   under such rights might or might not be available; nor does it
   represent that it has made any independent effort to identify any
   such rights.  Information on the procedures with respect to rights
   in RFC documents can be found in BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Copies of IPR disclosures made to the IETF Secretariat and any
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   attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use
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   specification can be obtained from the IETF on-line IPR repository
   at http://www.ietf.org/ipr.

   The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention
   any copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other
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   IETF at ietf-ipr@ietf.org.












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On Fri, 2008-10-03 at 14:54 -0700, Joe Touch wrote:
> I.e., if this is really a virtual network, there's a LOT of work left to
> be done.

All that behavioral description work is entirely independent of the
label encoding draft, and there is IMHO no rational reason to delay
publication of draft-stjohns-sipso-* (and the allocation of relelvant
codepoints by IANA) in order to document minutiae of behavior which are
better spelled out in separate drafts documenting the interaction of MLS
labeling and specific protocols.

						- Bill



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On Fri, 2008-10-03 at 12:15 -0400, Steven M. Bellovin wrote:
> On Fri, 03 Oct 2008 07:32:44 -0700
> Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com> wrote:
> > It is IMHO not necessary to specify what a label-unaware system should
> > do with a labeled packet -- if they get one at all, it's a serious
> > error on the part of the sender.
> > 
> Actually, 793 disagrees:
> 
>   The security paramaters may be used even in a non-secure environment  
>   (the values would indicate unclassified data), thus hosts in
>   non-secure environments must be prepared to receive the security
>   parameters, though they need not send them.
> 
> The question is how realistic that statement is.

As you probably would have guessed, I think it's entirely unrealistic.

						- Bill


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On Sun, 05 Oct 2008 17:40:18 -0400
Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com> wrote:

> On Fri, 2008-10-03 at 14:54 -0700, Joe Touch wrote:
> > I.e., if this is really a virtual network, there's a LOT of work
> > left to be done.
> 
> All that behavioral description work is entirely independent of the
> label encoding draft, and there is IMHO no rational reason to delay
> publication of draft-stjohns-sipso-* (and the allocation of relelvant
> codepoints by IANA) in order to document minutiae of behavior which
> are better spelled out in separate drafts documenting the interaction
> of MLS labeling and specific protocols.
> 
I disagree -- I think there have been enough points raised on the
clarity of the threat model and some behavioral points that I think
more discussion is indicated.  Apart from that, it does prescribe
behavior at variance with the TCP standard.  (As I noted, I think this
document is more correct, but it nevertheless contradicts 793.)


		--Steve Bellovin, http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~smb
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On Fri, 2008-10-03 at 06:58 -0700, Joe Touch wrote:

> There appears to be at least one change that might be required by all
> Internet hosts; current behavior upon receipt of an IP packet at a
> security level not supported is to send a TCP RST. This document
> indicates that such hosts MUST silently drop such packets.

In a securely-configured MLS environment, systems not running an MLS
operating system will never receive a packet with an MLS label -- if
they did, that inherently means that an MLS system somewhere is
misconfigured and information is flowing in violation of the MLS policy.

It is IMHO not necessary to specify what a label-unaware system should
do with a labeled packet -- if they get one at all, it's a serious error
on the part of the sender.

> > 2) MLS operating systems have different requirements:
> >   In turn, this specification *only* applies to Multi-Level
> >   Secure (MLS) operating systems that choose to implement
> >   this particular IPv6 labelling specification.  The draft
> >   is very clear about this.
> 
> The draft does not appear to indicate how an MLS system would interact
> with legacy systems that are not updated.

are you asking about labeled or unlabeled interoperability?

the MLS systems I'm familiar with are configured with policy indicating
the clearances of other hosts.  That policy can indicate whether or not
packets to the other system should contain an explicit MLS label. 

non-MLS systems will typically never see a label.

> > 3) The MLS-specific proposal is accepted by long-term
> >    members of the Transport community:
> >    Please see Dave Borman's note to the IETF discuss
> >    list from yesterday.  Dave has about as much TCP
> >    experience as anyone.
> 
> I consider it very incomplete with regard to the impact of the changes
> proposed on the architecture of MLS endpoints.

I have a modest amount of MLS implementation experience.  I believe the
spec is complete enough to publish in its current form.

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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1



Steven M. Bellovin wrote:
> On Sun, 05 Oct 2008 17:40:18 -0400
> Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com> wrote:
> 
>> On Fri, 2008-10-03 at 14:54 -0700, Joe Touch wrote:
>>> I.e., if this is really a virtual network, there's a LOT of work
>>> left to be done.
>> All that behavioral description work is entirely independent of the
>> label encoding draft, and there is IMHO no rational reason to delay
>> publication of draft-stjohns-sipso-* (and the allocation of relelvant
>> codepoints by IANA) in order to document minutiae of behavior which
>> are better spelled out in separate drafts documenting the interaction
>> of MLS labeling and specific protocols.
>>
> I disagree -- I think there have been enough points raised on the
> clarity of the threat model and some behavioral points that I think
> more discussion is indicated.  Apart from that, it does prescribe
> behavior at variance with the TCP standard.  (As I noted, I think this
> document is more correct, but it nevertheless contradicts 793.)

I'm not entirely sure how to proceed. Here's the issue:

The goal of draft-stjohns-sipso-* appears to be limited to extending
endpoint identifiers primarily for transport protocols - TCP in
specific. I.e., it extends transport names (AFAICT).

That would make sense if there were security levels associated with
ports, as a TCP option. However, the draft is described as an extension
of IP, which implies a broader extension of the endpoint namespace (as
the document describes).

Here's the catch:

- - if the doc focuses only on TCP, then:
	a) the 'virtual network' description needs revision to focus
	on extending only the impact on transport, notably TCP

	b) ICMP needs to be addressed, i.e., either ICMP needs to be
	extended similarly, or the impact on TCP needs to be described.
	
	this means either:
		i) ICMPs would be potentially processed by the
		security level of the payload, not the header

	or	ii) TCP under MLS should assume ICMPs are black-holed,
		and thus should disable PMTUD.

	c) DNS needs to be addressed, notably how SRV records would
	work in this environment

- - if the doc really does need to extend the whole network to understand
MLS, then the impact on the whole network needs to be considered

	- this includes forwarding, routing, multicast, DNS, etc.

These are neither minutae nor can these issues be relegated to
supplemental documents. If you have a system based on what has been
written thus far, you're already making assumptions about the above
(some problematic, IMO), and you need to do more than just ignore these
elephants.

Joe
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Hello,

we're seeing an increasing amount of interest in using Web  =

technologies (i.e., HTML, JavaScript and friends) as a platform for  =

software development outside the browser sandbox. The mobile sector  =

seems particularly keen to use this environment as a portable runtime  =

for all kinds of software.

With that interest comes an increasing amount of pressure to add and  =

standardize all kinds of APIs (from address books and telephone  =

modules to geolocation [the latter is the topic of a recently-started  =

working group]), and to come up with a useful model for controlling  =

access to these APIs -- both in the browser and widget cases.

We're workshopping the topic on 10/11 December in London; position  =

papers (1-5 pages) are due by 30 October.

Call for participation:

   http://www.w3.org/2008/security-ws/

Dominique Haza=EBl-Massieux (copied on this message) is the Team contact  =

for this workshop; if you have any questions, feel free to contact him  =

or me.

Regards,
--
Thomas Roessler, W3C  <tlr@w3.org>

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From saag-bounces@ietf.org  Wed Oct 15 09:19:53 2008
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Subject: [saag] Mailing List for MAC Labeling Discussions
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Hello,
	Jarrett Lu of Sun was able to set up a mailing list to discuss topics
related to the BOF[1]. The main objective at the moment is to clearly
define DOIs with respect to MAC Labeling. The traditional view of MAC is
purely MLS but from our perspective MAC also contains things like Domain
Type Enforcement (DTE). SELinux also includes an MLS field in its
security context but there are larger issues to consider. For instance
how do you handle negotiation of translations between domains? If a
system provides more fine grained protections than the receiver on the
other end or vice versa how do you handle this? How do we organize the
DOI space? Do we share this space among all protocols or do we create
separate spaces for each? In terms of things like Labeled NFS and
Labeled IPSec is seems reasonable to maintain the same DOI namespace for
both of them. Another issue to consider is should we define a standard
internal structure for a security context?

	Also, some people have mentioned their work with security labels in
other spaces within the IETF. If you have anything you would like to
discuss with respect to work outside of the realm of DOIs (still MAC
related of course) feel free to bring it to the list's attention.



[1]http://mail.opensolaris.org/mailman/listinfo/doi-discuss

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Hi all,

Here's again a short status update about what things are going on 
from my point-of-view. If you notice anything that doesn't look
right, let me know -- miscommunication and mix-ups do happen.

Best regards,
Pasi

MISC NOTES

- There'll be one security-related BoF in IETF73: OAuth in the 
  applications area. 
- SecDir mailing list was moved to ietf.org -- remember to use
  the new address when sending reviews.
- Tim and I have been planning the SAAG agenda for Minneapolis.
  It's the last slot before dinner on Thursday, so we're hoping 
  to keep it quite short, though.
- Lars Eggert and I talked with the Outpost24 guys about the
  TCP DoS vulnerabilities they've found; we're meeting CERT-FI 
  folks next week, and hope to get more details (probably under 
  NDA for now).
- I've continued tools development, and tried to sort out the 
  process (from both Nokia and IETF/AMS points of view) of how to 
  actually contribute code and get it running. Not completely 
  successful yet, but making progress.
- Big thanks to Paul Hoffman for fixing the spam problem in 
  PKIX mailing list archives (not a single spam after the fix; 
  used to be about 40%).
- Working with IANA on fixing the IANA registries for RFC 4909 
  (needed for draft-jerichow-msec-mikey-genext-oma).
- Some discussions about allocating more IPv4/IPv6 addresses 
  for documentation/example use, but nothing conclusive so far.

WORKING GROUPS

DKIM
- draft-ietf-dkim-ssp: in AD Evaluation -- I sent my AD review 
  comments, and I'm waiting for revised ID or reply.
- draft-ietf-dkim-overview: in Publication Requested, waiting 
  for me to read it.
- Waiting for WG to send list of RFC errata IDs the WG agrees on.
- The work items are almost done; some discussions on the list
  about rechartering or winding down.

EMU
- draft-ietf-emu-gpsk: in IETF Last Call (ends 2008-11-03), on
  agenda of 2008-11-06 IESG telechat.
- EMU WG received a liaison statement reply from ITU-T SG 17
  regarding X.1034, "Guidelines on EAP-based authentication and 
  key management in a data communication network".
- (not WG item) draft-arkko-eap-aka-kdf went through IETF Last 
  call; now doing final checks to make sure everything is aligned 
  here and in relevant 3GPP specs.

IPSECME
- (not wearing AD hat) I need to check that my comments got entered 
  into the issue tracker, and reply to Paul about some of them.
- (not wearing AD hat) Waiting for Russ to verify errata #1502
  for RFC 4718 [since 2008-09-12]

ISMS
- I haven't managed to read the mailing list at all this month;
  I really need to do so.

KEYPROV
- I need to put more time into KEYPROV in November and December;
  the WG is over a year behind its milestones, and it doesn't
  look like the documents are anywhere near ready. 

SASL
- SASL WG was rechartered.

SYSLOG
- draft-ietf-syslog-transport-tls: was approved and is now in 
  RFC Editor Queue
- draft-ietf-syslog-sign: there has been a bunch of replies to my
  AD evaluation comments that I need to read and process, but I 
  haven't done so yet. However, I'm hoping to see a revised ID that 
  would address those concerns where everyone agrees what should 
  be done.
- draft-ietf-ipcdn-pktc-eventmess: this is in RFC Editor Queue, but  
  had references to documents syslog WG decided to drop -- big thanks
  to David Harrington and Richard Woundy for getting this fixed.

TLS
- draft-ietf-tls-des-idea: in Publication Requested state,  waiting 
  for Tim to review this (since I'm the editor) [since 2008-10-20]
- draft-ietf-tls-ecdhe-psk: hoping the WG will soon request 
  publication and send the shepherd write-up etc.
- draft-ietf-tls-psk-new-mac-aes-gcm: same as ecdhe-psk.
- Certicom has posted an updated statement about ECC IPR
  (http://www.certicom.com/index.php/ip-contributions), which 
  probably will also appear in the IETF IPR tool soon.  Joe Salowey 
  has asked them about including draft-ietf-tls-ecdhe-psk in the 
  list of documents.
- (not WG item) draft-rescorla-tls-suiteb: on agenda of 
  2008-11-06 IESG telechat.

OTHER DOCUMENTS

- draft-ietf-avt-rtcpssm: Joerg replied on 2008-10-27 about the
  "feedback debug" messages; I need to read his email and reply.
- draft-ietf-pkix-cmp-transport-protocols: It seems some folks are 
  interested in reviving this long-expired draft, so that current 
  implementation behavior is documented somewhere. I've promised
  to read and comment if/when something is submitted.
- draft-randall-3447bis: James Randall posted the -00 draft; 
  I should read this and comment.
- draft-ietf-mpls-mpls-and-gmpls-security-framework: I've promised 
  to read this once there's a new version.
- "Security roadmap for routing protocols": I've promised to read
  and comment this once Gregory sends something.
- draft-mattsson-srtp-store-and-forward: I've promised to read 
  this and send comments, but haven't done so yet.
  
DISCUSSES (active -- something happened within last month)

- draft-ietf-enum-experiences: the authors have replied to my
  updated discuss; I need to read their message and reply 
  [since 2008-10-27]
- draft-ietf-dime-mip6-integrated: waiting for authors to submit 
  a revised ID [since 2008-10-29]
- draft-ietf-mip6-whyauthdataoption: waiting for authors to submit 
  a revised ID, and reply to some of my comments [since 2008-10-29]
- draft-ietf-mipshop-mstp-solution: I need to check version -08
  and talk with Jari and the authors about what's the best 
  way to handle this document [since 2008-10-20]
- draft-ietf-pce-pcep: version -16 addressed all my major concerns; 
  I hope to see a revised ID fixing the remaining things before 
  the submission cut-off date [since 2008-10-30]
- draft-ietf-simple-imdn: version -09 addressed most of my comments;
  waiting for the authors to reply to the remaining ones 
  [since 2008-10-27]
- draft-ietf-sip-fork-loop-fix: version -08 was submitted recently;
  I need to check that my concerns were addressed [since 2008-10-29]
- draft-ietf-sip-xcapevent: waiting for revised ID or RFC Editor
  Note to fix the ABNF/XML bugs [since 2008-10-24]
- draft-ietf-sipping-policy-package: waiting for more information
  from from Mary or Jon [since 2008-10-28]
- draft-ietf-tsvwg-emergency-rsvp: I moved to "abstain" position.

DISCUSSES (stalled -- I haven't heard anything from the authors 
or document shepherd for over one month)

- draft-cain-post-inch-phishingextns: waiting for authors to reply 
  to my comments or submit a revised ID [since 2008-08-28]
- draft-cam-winget-eap-fast-provisioning: waiting for authors to 
  reply to my comments or submit a revised ID [since 2008-08-28]
- draft-ietf-lemonade-msgevent: waiting for authors to submit
  a revised ID [since 2008-09-08]
- draft-ietf-sieve-refuse-reject: waiting for authors to reply
  to my comments [since 2008-09-11]
- draft-zhou-emu-fast-gtc: changes probably agreed, waiting for authors
  to submit a revised ID to see exact text [since 2008-08-28]

DISCUSSES (presumed dead -- I haven't heard anything from the authors
or document shepherd for over three months)

- draft-ietf-bfd-base: waiting for authors to reply to my 
  comments or submit a revised ID [since 2008-06-05]
- draft-ietf-bfd-multihop: waiting for authors to reply to 
  my comments or submit a revised ID [since 2008-06-05]
- draft-ietf-bfd-v4v6-1hop: waiting for authors to reply to 
  my comments or submit a revised ID [since 2008-06-05]
- draft-ietf-shim6-proto: waiting for Erik to propose something 
  to solve IPsec interaction issue [since 2008-06-18]

--end--
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